7 Search Results for "Bernstein, Abraham"

Document
DOI: 10.4230/DagRep.12.9.1
Challenges and Opportunities of Democracy in the Digital Society (Dagstuhl Seminar 22361)

Authors: Abraham Bernstein, Anita Gohdes, Cristina Sarasua, Steffen Staab, and Beth Simone Noveck

Published in: Dagstuhl Reports, Volume 12, Issue 9 (2023)

Abstract
Digital technologies amplify and change societal processes. So far, society and intellectuals have painted two extremes of viewing the effects of the digital transformation on democratic life. While the early 2000s to mid-2010s declared the "liberating" aspects of digital technology, the post-Brexit events and the 2016 US elections have emphasized the "dark side" of the digital revolution. Now, explicit effort is needed to go beyond tech saviorism or doom scenarios. To this end, we organized the Dagstuhl Seminar 22361 "Challenges and Opportunities of Democracy in the Digital Society" to discuss the future of digital democracy. This report presents a summary of the seminar, which took place in Dagstuhl in September 2022. The seminar attracted scientific scholars from various disciplines, including political science, computer science, jurisprudence, and communication science, as well as civic technology practitioners.
Cite as

Abraham Bernstein, Anita Gohdes, Cristina Sarasua, Steffen Staab, and Beth Simone Noveck. Challenges and Opportunities of Democracy in the Digital Society (Dagstuhl Seminar 22361). In Dagstuhl Reports, Volume 12, Issue 9, pp. 1-19, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2023)

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@Article{bernstein_et_al:DagRep.12.9.1,
  author =	{Bernstein, Abraham and Gohdes, Anita and Sarasua, Cristina and Staab, Steffen and Noveck, Beth Simone},
  title =	{{Challenges and Opportunities of Democracy in the Digital Society (Dagstuhl Seminar 22361)}},
  pages =	{1--19},
  journal =	{Dagstuhl Reports},
  ISSN =	{2192-5283},
  year =	{2023},
  volume =	{12},
  number =	{9},
  editor =	{Bernstein, Abraham and Gohdes, Anita and Sarasua, Cristina and Staab, Steffen and Noveck, Beth Simone},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/DagRep.12.9.1},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-178073},
  doi =		{10.4230/DagRep.12.9.1},
  annote =	{Keywords: co-design, democratic regulation, large-scale decision-making, large-scale deliberation, society}
}
Document
Track A: Algorithms, Complexity and Games
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.ICALP.2022.20
Fully-Dynamic Graph Sparsifiers Against an Adaptive Adversary

Authors: Aaron Bernstein, Jan van den Brand, Maximilian Probst Gutenberg, Danupon Nanongkai, Thatchaphol Saranurak, Aaron Sidford, and He Sun

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 229, 49th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming (ICALP 2022)

Abstract
Designing efficient dynamic graph algorithms against an adaptive adversary is a major goal in the field of dynamic graph algorithms and has witnessed many exciting recent developments in, e.g., dynamic matching (Wajc STOC'20) and decremental shortest paths (Chuzhoy and Khanna STOC'19). Compared to other graph primitives (e.g. spanning trees and matchings), designing such algorithms for graph spanners and (more broadly) graph sparsifiers poses a unique challenge since there is no fast deterministic algorithm known for static computation and the lack of a way to adjust the output slowly (known as "small recourse/replacements"). This paper presents the first non-trivial efficient adaptive algorithms for maintaining many sparsifiers against an adaptive adversary. Specifically, we present algorithms that maintain 1) a polylog(n)-spanner of size Õ(n) in polylog(n) amortized update time, 2) an O(k)-approximate cut sparsifier of size Õ(n) in Õ(n^{1/k}) amortized update time, and 3) a polylog(n)-approximate spectral sparsifier in polylog(n) amortized update time. Our bounds are the first non-trivial ones even when only the recourse is concerned. Our results hold even against a stronger adversary, who can access the random bits previously used by the algorithms and the amortized update time of all algorithms can be made worst-case by paying sub-polynomial factors. Our spanner result resolves an open question by Ahmed et al. (2019) and our results and techniques imply additional improvements over existing results, including (i) answering open questions about decremental single-source shortest paths by Chuzhoy and Khanna (STOC'19) and Gutenberg and Wulff-Nilsen (SODA'20), implying a nearly-quadratic time algorithm for approximating minimum-cost unit-capacity flow and (ii) de-amortizing a result of Abraham et al. (FOCS'16) for dynamic spectral sparsifiers. Our results are based on two novel techniques. The first technique is a generic black-box reduction that allows us to assume that the graph is initially an expander with almost uniform-degree and, more importantly, stays as an almost uniform-degree expander while undergoing only edge deletions. The second technique is called proactive resampling: here we constantly re-sample parts of the input graph so that, independent of an adversary’s computational power, a desired structure of the underlying graph can be always maintained. Despite its simplicity, the analysis of this sampling scheme is far from trivial, because the adversary can potentially create dependencies between the random choices used by the algorithm. We believe these two techniques could be useful for developing other adaptive algorithms.
Cite as

Aaron Bernstein, Jan van den Brand, Maximilian Probst Gutenberg, Danupon Nanongkai, Thatchaphol Saranurak, Aaron Sidford, and He Sun. Fully-Dynamic Graph Sparsifiers Against an Adaptive Adversary. In 49th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming (ICALP 2022). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 229, pp. 20:1-20:20, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2022)

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@InProceedings{bernstein_et_al:LIPIcs.ICALP.2022.20,
  author =	{Bernstein, Aaron and van den Brand, Jan and Probst Gutenberg, Maximilian and Nanongkai, Danupon and Saranurak, Thatchaphol and Sidford, Aaron and Sun, He},
  title =	{{Fully-Dynamic Graph Sparsifiers Against an Adaptive Adversary}},
  booktitle =	{49th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming (ICALP 2022)},
  pages =	{20:1--20:20},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-235-8},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2022},
  volume =	{229},
  editor =	{Boja\'{n}czyk, Miko{\l}aj and Merelli, Emanuela and Woodruff, David P.},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ICALP.2022.20},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-163611},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.ICALP.2022.20},
  annote =	{Keywords: dynamic graph algorithm, adaptive adversary, spanner, sparsifier}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/DagMan.9.1.43
Diversity in News Recommendation (Dagstuhl Perspectives Workshop 19482)

Authors: Abraham Bernstein, Claes de Vreese, Natali Helberger, Wolfgang Schulz, Katharina Zweig, Christian Baden, Michael A. Beam, Marc P. Hauer, Lucien Heitz, Pascal Jürgens, Christian Katzenbach, Benjamin Kille, Beate Klimkiewicz, Wiebke Loosen, Judith Moeller, Goran Radanovic, Guy Shani, Nava Tintarev, Suzanne Tolmeijer, Wouter van Atteveldt, Sanne Vrijenhoek, and Theresa Zueger

Published in: Dagstuhl Manifestos, Volume 9, Issue 1 (2021)

Abstract
News diversity in the media has for a long time been a foundational and uncontested basis for ensuring that the communicative needs of individuals and society at large are met. Today, people increasingly rely on online content and recommender systems to consume information challenging the traditional concept of news diversity. In addition, the very concept of diversity, which differs between disciplines, will need to be re-evaluated requiring an interdisciplinary investigation, which requires a new level of mutual cooperation between computer scientists, social scientists, and legal scholars. Based on the outcome of a interdisciplinary workshop, we have the following recommendations, directed at researchers, funders, legislators, regulators, and the media industry: - Conduct interdisciplinary research on news recommenders and diversity. - Create a safe harbor for academic research with industry data. - Strengthen the role of public values in news recommenders. - Create a meaningful governance framework for news recommenders. - Fund a joint lab to spearhead the needed interdisciplinary research, boost practical innovation, develop reference solutions, and transfer insights into practice.
Cite as

Abraham Bernstein, Claes de Vreese, Natali Helberger, Wolfgang Schulz, Katharina Zweig, Christian Baden, Michael A. Beam, Marc P. Hauer, Lucien Heitz, Pascal Jürgens, Christian Katzenbach, Benjamin Kille, Beate Klimkiewicz, Wiebke Loosen, Judith Moeller, Goran Radanovic, Guy Shani, Nava Tintarev, Suzanne Tolmeijer, Wouter van Atteveldt, Sanne Vrijenhoek, and Theresa Zueger. Diversity in News Recommendation (Dagstuhl Perspectives Workshop 19482). In Dagstuhl Manifestos, Volume 9, Issue 1, pp. 43-61, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2021)

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@Article{bernstein_et_al:DagMan.9.1.43,
  author =	{Bernstein, Abraham and de Vreese, Claes and Helberger, Natali and Schulz, Wolfgang and Zweig, Katharina and Baden, Christian and Beam, Michael A. and Hauer, Marc P. and Heitz, Lucien and J\"{u}rgens, Pascal and Katzenbach, Christian and Kille, Benjamin and Klimkiewicz, Beate and Loosen, Wiebke and Moeller, Judith and Radanovic, Goran and Shani, Guy and Tintarev, Nava and Tolmeijer, Suzanne and van Atteveldt, Wouter and Vrijenhoek, Sanne and Zueger, Theresa},
  title =	{{Diversity in News Recommendation (Dagstuhl Perspectives Workshop 19482)}},
  pages =	{43--61},
  journal =	{Dagstuhl Manifestos},
  ISSN =	{2193-2433},
  year =	{2021},
  volume =	{9},
  number =	{1},
  editor =	{Bernstein, Abraham and de Vreese, Claes and Helberger, Natali and Schulz, Wolfgang and Zweig, Katharina and Baden, Christian and Beam, Michael A. and Hauer, Marc P. and Heitz, Lucien and J\"{u}rgens, Pascal and Katzenbach, Christian and Kille, Benjamin and Klimkiewicz, Beate and Loosen, Wiebke and Moeller, Judith and Radanovic, Goran and Shani, Guy and Tintarev, Nava and Tolmeijer, Suzanne and van Atteveldt, Wouter and Vrijenhoek, Sanne and Zueger, Theresa},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/DagMan.9.1.43},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-137456},
  doi =		{10.4230/DagMan.9.1.43},
  annote =	{Keywords: News, recommender systems, diversity}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/DagRep.9.11.117
Diversity, Fairness, and Data-Driven Personalization in (News) Recommender System (Dagstuhl Perspectives Workshop 19482)

Authors: Abraham Bernstein, Claes De Vreese, Natali Helberger, Wolfgang Schulz, and Katharina A. Zweig

Published in: Dagstuhl Reports, Volume 9, Issue 11 (2020)

Abstract
As people increasingly rely on online media and recommender systems to consume information, engage in debates and form their political opinions, the design goals of online media and news recommenders have wide implications for the political and social processes that take place online and offline. Current recommender systems have been observed to promote personalization and more effective forms of informing, but also to narrow the user’s exposure to diverse content. Concerns about echo-chambers and filter bubbles highlight the importance of design metrics that can successfully strike a balance between accurate recommendations that respond to individual information needs and preferences, while at the same time addressing concerns about missing out important information, context and the broader cultural and political diversity in the news, as well as fairness. A broader, more sophisticated vision of the future of personalized recommenders needs to be formed - a vision that can only be developed as the result of a collaborative effort by different areas of academic research (media studies, computer science, law and legal philosophy, communication science, political philosophy, and democratic theory). The proposed workshop will set first steps to develop such a much needed vision on the role of recommender systems on the democratic role of the media and define the guidelines as well as a manifesto for future research and long-term goals for the emerging topic of fairness, diversity, and personalization in recommender systems.
Cite as

Abraham Bernstein, Claes De Vreese, Natali Helberger, Wolfgang Schulz, and Katharina A. Zweig. Diversity, Fairness, and Data-Driven Personalization in (News) Recommender System (Dagstuhl Perspectives Workshop 19482). In Dagstuhl Reports, Volume 9, Issue 11, pp. 117-124, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2020)

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@Article{bernstein_et_al:DagRep.9.11.117,
  author =	{Bernstein, Abraham and De Vreese, Claes and Helberger, Natali and Schulz, Wolfgang and Zweig, Katharina A.},
  title =	{{Diversity, Fairness, and Data-Driven Personalization in (News) Recommender System (Dagstuhl Perspectives Workshop 19482)}},
  pages =	{117--124},
  journal =	{Dagstuhl Reports},
  ISSN =	{2192-5283},
  year =	{2020},
  volume =	{9},
  number =	{11},
  editor =	{Bernstein, Abraham and De Vreese, Claes and Helberger, Natali and Schulz, Wolfgang and Zweig, Katharina A.},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/DagRep.9.11.117},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-119863},
  doi =		{10.4230/DagRep.9.11.117},
  annote =	{Keywords: News, recommender systems, diversity}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/DagRep.4.7.25
Crowdsourcing and the Semantic Web (Dagstuhl Seminar 14282)

Authors: Abraham Bernstein, Jan Marco Leimeister, Natasha Noy, Cristina Sarasua, and Elena Simperl

Published in: Dagstuhl Reports, Volume 4, Issue 7 (2014)

Abstract
Semantic technologies provide flexible and scalable solutions to master and make sense of an increasingly vast and complex data landscape. However, while this potential has been acknowledged for various application scenarios and domains, and a number of success stories exist, it is equally clear that the development and deployment of semantic technologies will always remain reliant of human input and intervention. This is due to the very nature of some of the tasks associated with the semantic data management life cycle, which are famous for their knowledge-intensive and/or context-specific character; examples range from conceptual modeling in almost any flavor, to labeling resources (in different languages), describing their content in terms of ontological terms, or recognizing similar concepts and entities. For this reason, the Semantic Web community has always looked into applying the latest theories, methods and tools from CSCW (Computer Supported Cooperative Work), participatory design, Web 2.0, social computing, and, more recently crowdsourcing to find ways to engage with users and encourage their involvement in the execution of technical tasks. Existing approaches include the usage of wikis as semantic content authoring environments, leveraging folksonomies to create formal ontologies, but also human computation approaches such as games with a purpose or micro-tasks. This document provides a summary of the Dagstuhl Seminar 14282: Crowdsourcing and the Semantic Web, which in July 2014 brought together researchers of the emerging scientific community at the intersection of crowdsourcing and Semantic Web technologies. We collect the position statements written by the participants of seminar, which played a central role in the discussions about the evolution of our research field.
Cite as

Abraham Bernstein, Jan Marco Leimeister, Natasha Noy, Cristina Sarasua, and Elena Simperl. Crowdsourcing and the Semantic Web (Dagstuhl Seminar 14282). In Dagstuhl Reports, Volume 4, Issue 7, pp. 25-51, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2014)

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@Article{bernstein_et_al:DagRep.4.7.25,
  author =	{Bernstein, Abraham and Leimeister, Jan Marco and Noy, Natasha and Sarasua, Cristina and Simperl, Elena},
  title =	{{Crowdsourcing and the Semantic Web (Dagstuhl Seminar 14282)}},
  pages =	{25--51},
  journal =	{Dagstuhl Reports},
  ISSN =	{2192-5283},
  year =	{2014},
  volume =	{4},
  number =	{7},
  editor =	{Bernstein, Abraham and Leimeister, Jan Marco and Noy, Natasha and Sarasua, Cristina and Simperl, Elena},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/DagRep.4.7.25},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-47845},
  doi =		{10.4230/DagRep.4.7.25},
  annote =	{Keywords: Crowdsourcing, Human Computation, Games with a Purpose, Microtask Crowdsourcing, Semantic Web, Linked Data, Quality Assurance, Crowd Management, Work Incentives}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/DagSemProc.07491.1
07491 Abstracts Collection – Mining Programs and Processes

Authors: Abraham Bernstein, Harald Gall, and Andreas Zeller

Published in: Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings, Volume 7491, Mining Programs and Processes (2009)

Abstract
From 02.12. to 17.12.2007, the Dagstuhl Seminar 07491 ``Mining Programs and Processes'' was held in Schloss Dagstuhl~--~Leibniz Center for Informatics. During the seminar, several participants presented their current research, and ongoing work and open problems were discussed. Abstracts of the presentations given during the seminar as well as abstracts of seminar results and ideas are put together in this paper. The first section describes the seminar topics and goals in general. Links to extended abstracts or full papers are provided, if available.
Cite as

Abraham Bernstein, Harald Gall, and Andreas Zeller. 07491 Abstracts Collection – Mining Programs and Processes. In Mining Programs and Processes. Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings, Volume 7491, pp. 1-9, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2009)

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@InProceedings{bernstein_et_al:DagSemProc.07491.1,
  author =	{Bernstein, Abraham and Gall, Harald and Zeller, Andreas},
  title =	{{07491 Abstracts Collection – Mining Programs and Processes}},
  booktitle =	{Mining Programs and Processes},
  pages =	{1--9},
  series =	{Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings (DagSemProc)},
  ISSN =	{1862-4405},
  year =	{2009},
  volume =	{7491},
  editor =	{Abraham berstein and Harald Gall and Andreas Zeller},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/DagSemProc.07491.1},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-22474},
  doi =		{10.4230/DagSemProc.07491.1},
  annote =	{Keywords: Mining software archives, data mining, machine learning, empirical software engineering}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/DagSemProc.07491.2
07491 Executive Summary – Mining Programs and Processes

Authors: Abraham Bernstein, Harald Gall, and Andreas Zeller

Published in: Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings, Volume 7491, Mining Programs and Processes (2009)

Abstract
The main goal of the seminar "Mining Programs and Processes" was to create a synergy between researchers of three communities, namely mining software repositories, data mining and machine learning, and empirical software engineering.
Cite as

Abraham Bernstein, Harald Gall, and Andreas Zeller. 07491 Executive Summary – Mining Programs and Processes. In Mining Programs and Processes. Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings, Volume 7491, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2009)

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@InProceedings{bernstein_et_al:DagSemProc.07491.2,
  author =	{Bernstein, Abraham and Gall, Harald and Zeller, Andreas},
  title =	{{07491 Executive Summary – Mining Programs and Processes}},
  booktitle =	{Mining Programs and Processes},
  series =	{Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings (DagSemProc)},
  ISSN =	{1862-4405},
  year =	{2009},
  volume =	{7491},
  editor =	{Abraham berstein and Harald Gall and Andreas Zeller},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/DagSemProc.07491.2},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-22465},
  doi =		{10.4230/DagSemProc.07491.2},
  annote =	{Keywords: Mining software archives, data mining, machine learning, empirical software engineering}
}
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