12 Search Results for "Brihaye, Thomas"

Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.STACS.2024.50
Arena-Independent Memory Bounds for Nash Equilibria in Reachability Games

Authors: James C. A. Main

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 289, 41st International Symposium on Theoretical Aspects of Computer Science (STACS 2024)

Abstract
We study the memory requirements of Nash equilibria in turn-based multiplayer games on possibly infinite graphs with reachability, shortest path and Büchi objectives. We present constructions for finite-memory Nash equilibria in these games that apply to arbitrary game graphs, bypassing the finite-arena requirement that is central in existing approaches. We show that, for these three types of games, from any Nash equilibrium, we can derive another Nash equilibrium where all strategies are finite-memory such that the same players accomplish their objective, without increasing their cost for shortest path games. Furthermore, we provide memory bounds that are independent of the size of the game graph for reachability and shortest path games. These bounds depend only on the number of players. To the best of our knowledge, we provide the first results pertaining to finite-memory constrained Nash equilibria in infinite arenas and the first arena-independent memory bounds for Nash equilibria.
Cite as

James C. A. Main. Arena-Independent Memory Bounds for Nash Equilibria in Reachability Games. In 41st International Symposium on Theoretical Aspects of Computer Science (STACS 2024). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 289, pp. 50:1-50:18, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2024)

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@InProceedings{main:LIPIcs.STACS.2024.50,
  author =	{Main, James C. A.},
  title =	{{Arena-Independent Memory Bounds for Nash Equilibria in Reachability Games}},
  booktitle =	{41st International Symposium on Theoretical Aspects of Computer Science (STACS 2024)},
  pages =	{50:1--50:18},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-311-9},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2024},
  volume =	{289},
  editor =	{Beyersdorff, Olaf and Kant\'{e}, Mamadou Moustapha and Kupferman, Orna and Lokshtanov, Daniel},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.STACS.2024.50},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-197603},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.STACS.2024.50},
  annote =	{Keywords: multiplayer games on graphs, Nash equilibrium, finite-memory strategies}
}
Document
Invited Talk
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.FSTTCS.2023.1
Reachability Games and Friends: A Journey Through the Lens of Memory and Complexity (Invited Talk)

Authors: Thomas Brihaye, Aline Goeminne, James C. A. Main, and Mickael Randour

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 284, 43rd IARCS Annual Conference on Foundations of Software Technology and Theoretical Computer Science (FSTTCS 2023)

Abstract
Reachability objectives are arguably the most basic ones in the theory of games on graphs (and beyond). But far from being bland, they constitute the cornerstone of this field. Reachability is everywhere, as are the tools we use to reason about it. In this invited contribution, we take the reader on a journey through a zoo of models that have reachability objectives at their core. Our goal is to illustrate how model complexity impacts the complexity of strategies needed to play optimally in the corresponding games and computational complexity.
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Thomas Brihaye, Aline Goeminne, James C. A. Main, and Mickael Randour. Reachability Games and Friends: A Journey Through the Lens of Memory and Complexity (Invited Talk). In 43rd IARCS Annual Conference on Foundations of Software Technology and Theoretical Computer Science (FSTTCS 2023). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 284, pp. 1:1-1:26, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2023)

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@InProceedings{brihaye_et_al:LIPIcs.FSTTCS.2023.1,
  author =	{Brihaye, Thomas and Goeminne, Aline and Main, James C. A. and Randour, Mickael},
  title =	{{Reachability Games and Friends: A Journey Through the Lens of Memory and Complexity}},
  booktitle =	{43rd IARCS Annual Conference on Foundations of Software Technology and Theoretical Computer Science (FSTTCS 2023)},
  pages =	{1:1--1:26},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-304-1},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2023},
  volume =	{284},
  editor =	{Bouyer, Patricia and Srinivasan, Srikanth},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.FSTTCS.2023.1},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-193747},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.FSTTCS.2023.1},
  annote =	{Keywords: Games on graphs, reachability, finite-memory strategies, complexity}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.CONCUR.2021.25
Time Flies When Looking out of the Window: Timed Games with Window Parity Objectives

Authors: James C. A. Main, Mickael Randour, and Jeremy Sproston

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 203, 32nd International Conference on Concurrency Theory (CONCUR 2021)

Abstract
The window mechanism was introduced by Chatterjee et al. to reinforce mean-payoff and total-payoff objectives with time bounds in two-player turn-based games on graphs [Krishnendu Chatterjee et al., 2015]. It has since proved useful in a variety of settings, including parity objectives in games [Véronique Bruyère et al., 2016] and both mean-payoff and parity objectives in Markov decision processes [Thomas Brihaye et al., 2020]. We study window parity objectives in timed automata and timed games: given a bound on the window size, a path satisfies such an objective if, in all states along the path, we see a sufficiently small window in which the smallest priority is even. We show that checking that all time-divergent paths of a timed automaton satisfy such a window parity objective can be done in polynomial space, and that the corresponding timed games can be solved in exponential time. This matches the complexity class of timed parity games, while adding the ability to reason about time bounds. We also consider multi-dimensional objectives and show that the complexity class does not increase. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study of the window mechanism in a real-time setting.
Cite as

James C. A. Main, Mickael Randour, and Jeremy Sproston. Time Flies When Looking out of the Window: Timed Games with Window Parity Objectives. In 32nd International Conference on Concurrency Theory (CONCUR 2021). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 203, pp. 25:1-25:16, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2021)

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@InProceedings{main_et_al:LIPIcs.CONCUR.2021.25,
  author =	{Main, James C. A. and Randour, Mickael and Sproston, Jeremy},
  title =	{{Time Flies When Looking out of the Window: Timed Games with Window Parity Objectives}},
  booktitle =	{32nd International Conference on Concurrency Theory (CONCUR 2021)},
  pages =	{25:1--25:16},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-203-7},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2021},
  volume =	{203},
  editor =	{Haddad, Serge and Varacca, Daniele},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.CONCUR.2021.25},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-144021},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.CONCUR.2021.25},
  annote =	{Keywords: Window objectives, timed automata, timed games, parity games}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.FSTTCS.2019.35
Dynamics on Games: Simulation-Based Techniques and Applications to Routing

Authors: Thomas Brihaye, Gilles Geeraerts, Marion Hallet, Benjamin Monmege, and Bruno Quoitin

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 150, 39th IARCS Annual Conference on Foundations of Software Technology and Theoretical Computer Science (FSTTCS 2019)

Abstract
We consider multi-player games played on graphs, in which the players aim at fulfilling their own (not necessarily antagonistic) objectives. In the spirit of evolutionary game theory, we suppose that the players have the right to repeatedly update their respective strategies (for instance, to improve the outcome w.r.t. the current strategy profile). This generates a dynamics in the game which may eventually stabilise to an equilibrium. The objective of the present paper is twofold. First, we aim at drawing a general framework to reason about the termination of such dynamics. In particular, we identify preorders on games (inspired from the classical notion of simulation between transitions systems, and from the notion of graph minor) which preserve termination of dynamics. Second, we show the applicability of the previously developed framework to interdomain routing problems.
Cite as

Thomas Brihaye, Gilles Geeraerts, Marion Hallet, Benjamin Monmege, and Bruno Quoitin. Dynamics on Games: Simulation-Based Techniques and Applications to Routing. In 39th IARCS Annual Conference on Foundations of Software Technology and Theoretical Computer Science (FSTTCS 2019). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 150, pp. 35:1-35:14, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2019)

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@InProceedings{brihaye_et_al:LIPIcs.FSTTCS.2019.35,
  author =	{Brihaye, Thomas and Geeraerts, Gilles and Hallet, Marion and Monmege, Benjamin and Quoitin, Bruno},
  title =	{{Dynamics on Games: Simulation-Based Techniques and Applications to Routing}},
  booktitle =	{39th IARCS Annual Conference on Foundations of Software Technology and Theoretical Computer Science (FSTTCS 2019)},
  pages =	{35:1--35:14},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-131-3},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2019},
  volume =	{150},
  editor =	{Chattopadhyay, Arkadev and Gastin, Paul},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.FSTTCS.2019.35},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-115978},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.FSTTCS.2019.35},
  annote =	{Keywords: games on graphs, dynamics, simulation, network}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.CONCUR.2019.8
Life Is Random, Time Is Not: Markov Decision Processes with Window Objectives

Authors: Thomas Brihaye, Florent Delgrange, Youssouf Oualhadj, and Mickael Randour

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 140, 30th International Conference on Concurrency Theory (CONCUR 2019)

Abstract
The window mechanism was introduced by Chatterjee et al. [Krishnendu Chatterjee et al., 2015] to strengthen classical game objectives with time bounds. It permits to synthesize system controllers that exhibit acceptable behaviors within a configurable time frame, all along their infinite execution, in contrast to the traditional objectives that only require correctness of behaviors in the limit. The window concept has proved its interest in a variety of two-player zero-sum games, thanks to the ability to reason about such time bounds in system specifications, but also the increased tractability that it usually yields. In this work, we extend the window framework to stochastic environments by considering the fundamental threshold probability problem in Markov decision processes for window objectives. That is, given such an objective, we want to synthesize strategies that guarantee satisfying runs with a given probability. We solve this problem for the usual variants of window objectives, where either the time frame is set as a parameter, or we ask if such a time frame exists. We develop a generic approach for window-based objectives and instantiate it for the classical mean-payoff and parity objectives, already considered in games. Our work paves the way to a wide use of the window mechanism in stochastic models.
Cite as

Thomas Brihaye, Florent Delgrange, Youssouf Oualhadj, and Mickael Randour. Life Is Random, Time Is Not: Markov Decision Processes with Window Objectives. In 30th International Conference on Concurrency Theory (CONCUR 2019). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 140, pp. 8:1-8:18, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2019)

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@InProceedings{brihaye_et_al:LIPIcs.CONCUR.2019.8,
  author =	{Brihaye, Thomas and Delgrange, Florent and Oualhadj, Youssouf and Randour, Mickael},
  title =	{{Life Is Random, Time Is Not: Markov Decision Processes with Window Objectives}},
  booktitle =	{30th International Conference on Concurrency Theory (CONCUR 2019)},
  pages =	{8:1--8:18},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-121-4},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2019},
  volume =	{140},
  editor =	{Fokkink, Wan and van Glabbeek, Rob},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.CONCUR.2019.8},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-109103},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.CONCUR.2019.8},
  annote =	{Keywords: Markov decision processes, window mean-payoff, window parity}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.CONCUR.2019.13
The Complexity of Subgame Perfect Equilibria in Quantitative Reachability Games

Authors: Thomas Brihaye, Véronique Bruyère, Aline Goeminne, Jean-François Raskin, and Marie van den Bogaard

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 140, 30th International Conference on Concurrency Theory (CONCUR 2019)

Abstract
We study multiplayer quantitative reachability games played on a finite directed graph, where the objective of each player is to reach his target set of vertices as quickly as possible. Instead of the well-known notion of Nash equilibrium (NE), we focus on the notion of subgame perfect equilibrium (SPE), a refinement of NE well-suited in the framework of games played on graphs. It is known that there always exists an SPE in quantitative reachability games and that the constrained existence problem is decidable. We here prove that this problem is PSPACE-complete. To obtain this result, we propose a new algorithm that iteratively builds a set of constraints characterizing the set of SPE outcomes in quantitative reachability games. This set of constraints is obtained by iterating an operator that reinforces the constraints up to obtaining a fixpoint. With this fixpoint, the set of SPE outcomes can be represented by a finite graph of size at most exponential. A careful inspection of the computation allows us to establish PSPACE membership.
Cite as

Thomas Brihaye, Véronique Bruyère, Aline Goeminne, Jean-François Raskin, and Marie van den Bogaard. The Complexity of Subgame Perfect Equilibria in Quantitative Reachability Games. In 30th International Conference on Concurrency Theory (CONCUR 2019). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 140, pp. 13:1-13:16, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2019)

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@InProceedings{brihaye_et_al:LIPIcs.CONCUR.2019.13,
  author =	{Brihaye, Thomas and Bruy\`{e}re, V\'{e}ronique and Goeminne, Aline and Raskin, Jean-Fran\c{c}ois and van den Bogaard, Marie},
  title =	{{The Complexity of Subgame Perfect Equilibria in Quantitative Reachability Games}},
  booktitle =	{30th International Conference on Concurrency Theory (CONCUR 2019)},
  pages =	{13:1--13:16},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-121-4},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2019},
  volume =	{140},
  editor =	{Fokkink, Wan and van Glabbeek, Rob},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.CONCUR.2019.13},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-109153},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.CONCUR.2019.13},
  annote =	{Keywords: multiplayer non-zero-sum games played on graphs, quantitative reachability objectives, subgame perfect equilibria, constrained existence problem}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.TIME.2017.7
Timed-Automata-Based Verification of MITL over Signals

Authors: Thomas Brihaye, Gilles Geeraerts, Hsi-Ming Ho, and Benjamin Monmege

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 90, 24th International Symposium on Temporal Representation and Reasoning (TIME 2017)

Abstract
It has been argued that the most suitable semantic model for real-time formalisms is the non-negative real line (signals), i.e. the continuous semantics, which naturally captures the continuous evolution of system states. Existing tools like UPPAAL are, however, based on omega-sequences with timestamps (timed words), i.e. the pointwise semantics. Furthermore, the support for logic formalisms is very limited in these tools. In this article, we amend these issues by a compositional translation from Metric Temporal Interval Logic (MITL) to signal automata. Combined with an emptiness-preserving encoding of signal automata into timed automata, we obtain a practical automata-based approach to MITL model-checking over signals. We implement the translation in our tool MightyL and report on case studies using LTSmin as the back-end.
Cite as

Thomas Brihaye, Gilles Geeraerts, Hsi-Ming Ho, and Benjamin Monmege. Timed-Automata-Based Verification of MITL over Signals. In 24th International Symposium on Temporal Representation and Reasoning (TIME 2017). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 90, pp. 7:1-7:19, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2017)

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@InProceedings{brihaye_et_al:LIPIcs.TIME.2017.7,
  author =	{Brihaye, Thomas and Geeraerts, Gilles and Ho, Hsi-Ming and Monmege, Benjamin},
  title =	{{Timed-Automata-Based Verification of MITL over Signals}},
  booktitle =	{24th International Symposium on Temporal Representation and Reasoning (TIME 2017)},
  pages =	{7:1--7:19},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-052-1},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2017},
  volume =	{90},
  editor =	{Schewe, Sven and Schneider, Thomas and Wijsen, Jef},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.TIME.2017.7},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-79126},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.TIME.2017.7},
  annote =	{Keywords: real-time temporal logic, timed automata, real-time systems}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.ICALP.2016.101
Analysing Decisive Stochastic Processes

Authors: Nathalie Bertrand, Patricia Bouyer, Thomas Brihaye, and Pierre Carlier

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 55, 43rd International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming (ICALP 2016)

Abstract
In 2007, Abdulla et al. introduced the elegant concept of decisive Markov chain. Intuitively, decisiveness allows one to lift the good properties of finite Markov chains to infinite Markov chains. For instance, the approximate quantitative reachability problem can be solved for decisive Markov chains (enjoying reasonable effectiveness assumptions) including probabilistic lossy channel systems and probabilistic vector addition systems with states. In this paper, we extend the concept of decisiveness to more general stochastic processes. This extension is non trivial as we consider stochastic processes with a potentially continuous set of states and uncountable branching (common features of real-time stochastic processes). This allows us to obtain decidability results for both qualitative and quantitative verification problems on some classes of real-time stochastic processes, including generalized semi-Markov processes and stochastic timed automata
Cite as

Nathalie Bertrand, Patricia Bouyer, Thomas Brihaye, and Pierre Carlier. Analysing Decisive Stochastic Processes. In 43rd International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming (ICALP 2016). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 55, pp. 101:1-101:14, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2016)

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@InProceedings{bertrand_et_al:LIPIcs.ICALP.2016.101,
  author =	{Bertrand, Nathalie and Bouyer, Patricia and Brihaye, Thomas and Carlier, Pierre},
  title =	{{Analysing Decisive Stochastic Processes}},
  booktitle =	{43rd International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming (ICALP 2016)},
  pages =	{101:1--101:14},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-013-2},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2016},
  volume =	{55},
  editor =	{Chatzigiannakis, Ioannis and Mitzenmacher, Michael and Rabani, Yuval and Sangiorgi, Davide},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ICALP.2016.101},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-62362},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.ICALP.2016.101},
  annote =	{Keywords: Real-time stochastic processes, Decisiveness, Approximation Scheme}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.FSTTCS.2015.278
Simple Priced Timed Games are not That Simple

Authors: Thomas Brihaye, Gilles Geeraerts, Axel Haddad, Engel Lefaucheux, and Benjamin Monmege

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 45, 35th IARCS Annual Conference on Foundations of Software Technology and Theoretical Computer Science (FSTTCS 2015)

Abstract
Priced timed games are two-player zero-sum games played on priced timed automata (whose locations and transitions are labeled by weights modeling the costs of spending time in a state and executing an action, respectively). The goals of the players are to minimise and maximise the cost to reach a target location, respectively. We consider priced timed games with one clock and arbitrary (positive and negative) weights and show that, for an important subclass of theirs (the so-called simple priced timed games), one can compute, in exponential time, the optimal values that the players can achieve, with their associated optimal strategies. As side results, we also show that one-clock priced timed games are determined and that we can use our result on simple priced timed games to solve the more general class of so-called reset-acyclic priced timed games (with arbitrary weights and one-clock).
Cite as

Thomas Brihaye, Gilles Geeraerts, Axel Haddad, Engel Lefaucheux, and Benjamin Monmege. Simple Priced Timed Games are not That Simple. In 35th IARCS Annual Conference on Foundations of Software Technology and Theoretical Computer Science (FSTTCS 2015). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 45, pp. 278-292, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2015)

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@InProceedings{brihaye_et_al:LIPIcs.FSTTCS.2015.278,
  author =	{Brihaye, Thomas and Geeraerts, Gilles and Haddad, Axel and Lefaucheux, Engel and Monmege, Benjamin},
  title =	{{Simple Priced Timed Games are not That Simple}},
  booktitle =	{35th IARCS Annual Conference on Foundations of Software Technology and Theoretical Computer Science (FSTTCS 2015)},
  pages =	{278--292},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-939897-97-2},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2015},
  volume =	{45},
  editor =	{Harsha, Prahladh and Ramalingam, G.},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.FSTTCS.2015.278},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-56235},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.FSTTCS.2015.278},
  annote =	{Keywords: Priced timed games, real-time systems, game theory}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.FSTTCS.2015.293
Quantitative Games under Failures

Authors: Thomas Brihaye, Gilles Geeraerts, Axel Haddad, Benjamin Monmege, Guillermo A. Pérez, and Gabriel Renault

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 45, 35th IARCS Annual Conference on Foundations of Software Technology and Theoretical Computer Science (FSTTCS 2015)

Abstract
We study a generalisation of sabotage games, a model of dynamic network games introduced by van Benthem. The original definition of the game is inherently finite and therefore does not allow one to model infinite processes. We propose an extension of the sabotage games in which the first player (Runner) traverses an arena with dynamic weights determined by the second player (Saboteur). In our model of quantitative sabotage games, Saboteur is now given a budget that he can distribute amongst the edges of the graph, whilst Runner attempts to minimise the quantity of budget witnessed while completing his task. We show that, on the one hand, for most of the classical cost functions considered in the literature, the problem of determining if Runner has a strategy to ensure a cost below some threshold is EXPTIME-complete. On the other hand, if the budget of Saboteur is fixed a priori, then the problem is in PTIME for most cost functions. Finally, we show that restricting the dynamics of the game also leads to better complexity.
Cite as

Thomas Brihaye, Gilles Geeraerts, Axel Haddad, Benjamin Monmege, Guillermo A. Pérez, and Gabriel Renault. Quantitative Games under Failures. In 35th IARCS Annual Conference on Foundations of Software Technology and Theoretical Computer Science (FSTTCS 2015). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 45, pp. 293-306, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2015)

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@InProceedings{brihaye_et_al:LIPIcs.FSTTCS.2015.293,
  author =	{Brihaye, Thomas and Geeraerts, Gilles and Haddad, Axel and Monmege, Benjamin and P\'{e}rez, Guillermo A. and Renault, Gabriel},
  title =	{{Quantitative Games under Failures}},
  booktitle =	{35th IARCS Annual Conference on Foundations of Software Technology and Theoretical Computer Science (FSTTCS 2015)},
  pages =	{293--306},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-939897-97-2},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2015},
  volume =	{45},
  editor =	{Harsha, Prahladh and Ramalingam, G.},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.FSTTCS.2015.293},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-56229},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.FSTTCS.2015.293},
  annote =	{Keywords: Quantitative games, verification, synthesis, game theory}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.CSL.2015.504
Weak Subgame Perfect Equilibria and their Application to Quantitative Reachability

Authors: Thomas Brihaye, Véronique Bruyère, Noémie Meunier, and Jean-Francois Raskin

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 41, 24th EACSL Annual Conference on Computer Science Logic (CSL 2015)

Abstract
We study n-player turn-based games played on a finite directed graph. For each play, the players have to pay a cost that they want to minimize. Instead of the well-known notion of Nash equilibrium (NE), we focus on the notion of subgame perfect equilibrium (SPE), a refinement of NE well-suited in the framework of games played on graphs. We also study natural variants of SPE, named weak (resp. very weak) SPE, where players who deviate cannot use the full class of strategies but only a subclass with a finite number of (resp. a unique) deviation step(s). Our results are threefold. Firstly, we characterize in the form of a Folk theorem the set of all plays that are the outcome of a weak SPE. Secondly, for the class of quantitative reachability games, we prove the existence of a finite-memory SPE and provide an algorithm for computing it (only existence was known with no information regarding the memory). Moreover, we show that the existence of a constrained SPE, i.e. an SPE such that each player pays a cost less than a given constant, can be decided. The proofs rely on our Folk theorem for weak SPEs (which coincide with SPEs in the case of quantitative reachability games) and on the decidability of MSO logic on infinite words. Finally with similar techniques, we provide a second general class of games for which the existence of a (constrained) weak SPE is decidable.
Cite as

Thomas Brihaye, Véronique Bruyère, Noémie Meunier, and Jean-Francois Raskin. Weak Subgame Perfect Equilibria and their Application to Quantitative Reachability. In 24th EACSL Annual Conference on Computer Science Logic (CSL 2015). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 41, pp. 504-518, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2015)

Copy BibTex To Clipboard

@InProceedings{brihaye_et_al:LIPIcs.CSL.2015.504,
  author =	{Brihaye, Thomas and Bruy\`{e}re, V\'{e}ronique and Meunier, No\'{e}mie and Raskin, Jean-Francois},
  title =	{{Weak Subgame Perfect Equilibria and their Application to Quantitative Reachability}},
  booktitle =	{24th EACSL Annual Conference on Computer Science Logic (CSL 2015)},
  pages =	{504--518},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-939897-90-3},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2015},
  volume =	{41},
  editor =	{Kreutzer, Stephan},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.CSL.2015.504},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-54345},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.CSL.2015.504},
  annote =	{Keywords: multi-player games on graphs, quantitative objectives, Nash equilibrium, subgame perfect equilibrium, quantitative reachability}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.CONCUR.2015.297
To Reach or not to Reach? Efficient Algorithms for Total-Payoff Games

Authors: Thomas Brihaye, Gilles Geeraerts, Axel Haddad, and Benjamin Monmege

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 42, 26th International Conference on Concurrency Theory (CONCUR 2015)

Abstract
Quantitative games are two-player zero-sum games played on directed weighted graphs. Total-payoff games - that can be seen as a refinement of the well-studied mean-payoff games - are the variant where the payoff of a play is computed as the sum of the weights. Our aim is to describe the first pseudo-polynomial time algorithm for total-payoff games in the presence of arbitrary weights. It consists of a non-trivial application of the value iteration paradigm. Indeed, it requires to study, as a milestone, a refinement of these games, called min-cost reachability games, where we add a reachability objective to one of the players. For these games, we give an efficient value iteration algorithm to compute the values and optimal strategies (when they exist), that runs in pseudo-polynomial time. We also propose heuristics to speed up the computations.
Cite as

Thomas Brihaye, Gilles Geeraerts, Axel Haddad, and Benjamin Monmege. To Reach or not to Reach? Efficient Algorithms for Total-Payoff Games. In 26th International Conference on Concurrency Theory (CONCUR 2015). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 42, pp. 297-310, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2015)

Copy BibTex To Clipboard

@InProceedings{brihaye_et_al:LIPIcs.CONCUR.2015.297,
  author =	{Brihaye, Thomas and Geeraerts, Gilles and Haddad, Axel and Monmege, Benjamin},
  title =	{{To Reach or not to Reach? Efficient Algorithms for Total-Payoff Games}},
  booktitle =	{26th International Conference on Concurrency Theory (CONCUR 2015)},
  pages =	{297--310},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-939897-91-0},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2015},
  volume =	{42},
  editor =	{Aceto, Luca and de Frutos Escrig, David},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.CONCUR.2015.297},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-53729},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.CONCUR.2015.297},
  annote =	{Keywords: Games on graphs, reachability, quantitative games, value iteration}
}
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