5 Search Results for "Carmosino, Marco L."

Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.ICALP.2018.27
Fine-Grained Derandomization: From Problem-Centric to Resource-Centric Complexity

Authors: Marco L. Carmosino, Russell Impagliazzo, and Manuel Sabin

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 107, 45th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming (ICALP 2018)

Abstract
We show that popular hardness conjectures about problems from the field of fine-grained complexity theory imply structural results for resource-based complexity classes. Namely, we show that if either k-Orthogonal Vectors or k-CLIQUE requires n^{epsilon k} time, for some constant epsilon>1/2, to count (note that these conjectures are significantly weaker than the usual ones made on these problems) on randomized machines for all but finitely many input lengths, then we have the following derandomizations: - BPP can be decided in polynomial time using only n^alpha random bits on average over any efficient input distribution, for any constant alpha>0 - BPP can be decided in polynomial time with no randomness on average over the uniform distribution This answers an open question of Ball et al. (STOC '17) in the positive of whether derandomization can be achieved from conjectures from fine-grained complexity theory. More strongly, these derandomizations improve over all previous ones achieved from worst-case uniform assumptions by succeeding on all but finitely many input lengths. Previously, derandomizations from worst-case uniform assumptions were only know to succeed on infinitely many input lengths. It is specifically the structure and moderate hardness of the k-Orthogonal Vectors and k-CLIQUE problems that makes removing this restriction possible. Via this uniform derandomization, we connect the problem-centric and resource-centric views of complexity theory by showing that exact hardness assumptions about specific problems like k-CLIQUE imply quantitative and qualitative relationships between randomized and deterministic time. This can be either viewed as a barrier to proving some of the main conjectures of fine-grained complexity theory lest we achieve a major breakthrough in unconditional derandomization or, optimistically, as route to attain such derandomizations by working on very concrete and weak conjectures about specific problems.
Cite as

Marco L. Carmosino, Russell Impagliazzo, and Manuel Sabin. Fine-Grained Derandomization: From Problem-Centric to Resource-Centric Complexity. In 45th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming (ICALP 2018). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 107, pp. 27:1-27:16, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2018)

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@InProceedings{carmosino_et_al:LIPIcs.ICALP.2018.27,
  author =	{Carmosino, Marco L. and Impagliazzo, Russell and Sabin, Manuel},
  title =	{{Fine-Grained Derandomization: From Problem-Centric to Resource-Centric Complexity}},
  booktitle =	{45th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming (ICALP 2018)},
  pages =	{27:1--27:16},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-076-7},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2018},
  volume =	{107},
  editor =	{Chatzigiannakis, Ioannis and Kaklamanis, Christos and Marx, D\'{a}niel and Sannella, Donald},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ICALP.2018.27},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-90316},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.ICALP.2018.27},
  annote =	{Keywords: Derandomization, Hardness vs Randomness, Fine-Grained Complexity, Average-Case Complexity, k-Orthogonal Vectors, k-CLIQUE}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.CCC.2018.12
Hardness Amplification for Non-Commutative Arithmetic Circuits

Authors: Marco L. Carmosino, Russell Impagliazzo, Shachar Lovett, and Ivan Mihajlin

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 102, 33rd Computational Complexity Conference (CCC 2018)

Abstract
We show that proving mildly super-linear lower bounds on non-commutative arithmetic circuits implies exponential lower bounds on non-commutative circuits. That is, non-commutative circuit complexity is a threshold phenomenon: an apparently weak lower bound actually suffices to show the strongest lower bounds we could desire. This is part of a recent line of inquiry into why arithmetic circuit complexity, despite being a heavily restricted version of Boolean complexity, still cannot prove super-linear lower bounds on general devices. One can view our work as positive news (it suffices to prove weak lower bounds to get strong ones) or negative news (it is as hard to prove weak lower bounds as it is to prove strong ones). We leave it to the reader to determine their own level of optimism.
Cite as

Marco L. Carmosino, Russell Impagliazzo, Shachar Lovett, and Ivan Mihajlin. Hardness Amplification for Non-Commutative Arithmetic Circuits. In 33rd Computational Complexity Conference (CCC 2018). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 102, pp. 12:1-12:16, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2018)

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@InProceedings{carmosino_et_al:LIPIcs.CCC.2018.12,
  author =	{Carmosino, Marco L. and Impagliazzo, Russell and Lovett, Shachar and Mihajlin, Ivan},
  title =	{{Hardness Amplification for Non-Commutative Arithmetic Circuits}},
  booktitle =	{33rd Computational Complexity Conference (CCC 2018)},
  pages =	{12:1--12:16},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-069-9},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2018},
  volume =	{102},
  editor =	{Servedio, Rocco A.},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.CCC.2018.12},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-88772},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.CCC.2018.12},
  annote =	{Keywords: arithmetic circuits, hardness amplification, circuit lower bounds, non-commutative computation}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.APPROX-RANDOM.2017.35
Agnostic Learning from Tolerant Natural Proofs

Authors: Marco L. Carmosino, Russell Impagliazzo, Valentine Kabanets, and Antonina Kolokolova

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 81, Approximation, Randomization, and Combinatorial Optimization. Algorithms and Techniques (APPROX/RANDOM 2017)

Abstract
We generalize the "learning algorithms from natural properties" framework of [CIKK16] to get agnostic learning algorithms from natural properties with extra features. We show that if a natural property (in the sense of Razborov and Rudich [RR97]) is useful also against functions that are close to the class of "easy" functions, rather than just against "easy" functions, then it can be used to get an agnostic learning algorithm over the uniform distribution with membership queries. * For AC0[q], any prime q (constant-depth circuits of polynomial size, with AND, OR, NOT, and MODq gates of unbounded fanin), which happens to have a natural property with the requisite extra feature by [Raz87, Smo87, RR97], we obtain the first agnostic learning algorithm for AC0[q], for every prime q. Our algorithm runs in randomized quasi-polynomial time, uses membership queries, and outputs a circuit for a given Boolean function f that agrees with f on all but at most polylog(n)*opt fraction of inputs, where opt is the relative distance between f and the closest function h in the class AC0[q]. * For the ideal case, a natural proof of strongly exponential correlation circuit lower bounds against a circuit class C containing AC0[2] (i.e., circuits of size exp(Omega(n)) cannot compute some n-variate function even with exp(-Omega(n)) advantage over random guessing) would yield a polynomial-time query agnostic learning algorithm for C with the approximation error O(opt).
Cite as

Marco L. Carmosino, Russell Impagliazzo, Valentine Kabanets, and Antonina Kolokolova. Agnostic Learning from Tolerant Natural Proofs. In Approximation, Randomization, and Combinatorial Optimization. Algorithms and Techniques (APPROX/RANDOM 2017). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 81, pp. 35:1-35:19, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2017)

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@InProceedings{carmosino_et_al:LIPIcs.APPROX-RANDOM.2017.35,
  author =	{Carmosino, Marco L. and Impagliazzo, Russell and Kabanets, Valentine and Kolokolova, Antonina},
  title =	{{Agnostic Learning from Tolerant Natural Proofs}},
  booktitle =	{Approximation, Randomization, and Combinatorial Optimization. Algorithms and Techniques (APPROX/RANDOM 2017)},
  pages =	{35:1--35:19},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-044-6},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2017},
  volume =	{81},
  editor =	{Jansen, Klaus and Rolim, Jos\'{e} D. P. and Williamson, David P. and Vempala, Santosh S.},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.APPROX-RANDOM.2017.35},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-75842},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.APPROX-RANDOM.2017.35},
  annote =	{Keywords: agnostic learning, natural proofs, circuit lower bounds, meta-algorithms, AC0\lbrackq\rbrack, Nisan-Wigderson generator}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.CCC.2016.10
Learning Algorithms from Natural Proofs

Authors: Marco L. Carmosino, Russell Impagliazzo, Valentine Kabanets, and Antonina Kolokolova

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 50, 31st Conference on Computational Complexity (CCC 2016)

Abstract
Based on Hastad's (1986) circuit lower bounds, Linial, Mansour, and Nisan (1993) gave a quasipolytime learning algorithm for AC^0 (constant-depth circuits with AND, OR, and NOT gates), in the PAC model over the uniform distribution. It was an open question to get a learning algorithm (of any kind) for the class of AC^0[p] circuits (constant-depth, with AND, OR, NOT, and MOD_p gates for a prime p). Our main result is a quasipolytime learning algorithm for AC^0[p] in the PAC model over the uniform distribution with membership queries. This algorithm is an application of a general connection we show to hold between natural proofs (in the sense of Razborov and Rudich (1997)) and learning algorithms. We argue that a natural proof of a circuit lower bound against any (sufficiently powerful) circuit class yields a learning algorithm for the same circuit class. As the lower bounds against AC^0[p] by Razborov (1987) and Smolensky (1987) are natural, we obtain our learning algorithm for AC^0[p].
Cite as

Marco L. Carmosino, Russell Impagliazzo, Valentine Kabanets, and Antonina Kolokolova. Learning Algorithms from Natural Proofs. In 31st Conference on Computational Complexity (CCC 2016). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 50, pp. 10:1-10:24, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2016)

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@InProceedings{carmosino_et_al:LIPIcs.CCC.2016.10,
  author =	{Carmosino, Marco L. and Impagliazzo, Russell and Kabanets, Valentine and Kolokolova, Antonina},
  title =	{{Learning Algorithms from Natural Proofs}},
  booktitle =	{31st Conference on Computational Complexity (CCC 2016)},
  pages =	{10:1--10:24},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-008-8},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2016},
  volume =	{50},
  editor =	{Raz, Ran},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.CCC.2016.10},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-58557},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.CCC.2016.10},
  annote =	{Keywords: natural proofs, circuit complexity, lower bounds, learning, compression}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.APPROX-RANDOM.2015.645
Tighter Connections between Derandomization and Circuit Lower Bounds

Authors: Marco L. Carmosino, Russell Impagliazzo, Valentine Kabanets, and Antonina Kolokolova

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 40, Approximation, Randomization, and Combinatorial Optimization. Algorithms and Techniques (APPROX/RANDOM 2015)

Abstract
We tighten the connections between circuit lower bounds and derandomization for each of the following three types of derandomization: - general derandomization of promiseBPP (connected to Boolean circuits), - derandomization of Polynomial Identity Testing (PIT) over fixed finite fields (connected to arithmetic circuit lower bounds over the same field), and - derandomization of PIT over the integers (connected to arithmetic circuit lower bounds over the integers). We show how to make these connections uniform equivalences, although at the expense of using somewhat less common versions of complexity classes and for a less studied notion of inclusion. Our main results are as follows: 1. We give the first proof that a non-trivial (nondeterministic subexponential-time) algorithm for PIT over a fixed finite field yields arithmetic circuit lower bounds. 2. We get a similar result for the case of PIT over the integers, strengthening a result of Jansen and Santhanam [JS12] (by removing the need for advice). 3. We derive a Boolean circuit lower bound for NEXP intersect coNEXP from the assumption of sufficiently strong non-deterministic derandomization of promiseBPP (without advice), as well as from the assumed existence of an NP-computable non-empty property of Boolean functions useful for proving superpolynomial circuit lower bounds (in the sense of natural proofs of [RR97]); this strengthens the related results of [IKW02]. 4. Finally, we turn all of these implications into equivalences for appropriately defined promise classes and for a notion of robust inclusion/separation (inspired by [FS11]) that lies between the classical "almost everywhere" and "infinitely often" notions.
Cite as

Marco L. Carmosino, Russell Impagliazzo, Valentine Kabanets, and Antonina Kolokolova. Tighter Connections between Derandomization and Circuit Lower Bounds. In Approximation, Randomization, and Combinatorial Optimization. Algorithms and Techniques (APPROX/RANDOM 2015). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 40, pp. 645-658, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2015)

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@InProceedings{carmosino_et_al:LIPIcs.APPROX-RANDOM.2015.645,
  author =	{Carmosino, Marco L. and Impagliazzo, Russell and Kabanets, Valentine and Kolokolova, Antonina},
  title =	{{Tighter Connections between Derandomization and Circuit Lower Bounds}},
  booktitle =	{Approximation, Randomization, and Combinatorial Optimization. Algorithms and Techniques (APPROX/RANDOM 2015)},
  pages =	{645--658},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-939897-89-7},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2015},
  volume =	{40},
  editor =	{Garg, Naveen and Jansen, Klaus and Rao, Anup and Rolim, Jos\'{e} D. P.},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.APPROX-RANDOM.2015.645},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-53285},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.APPROX-RANDOM.2015.645},
  annote =	{Keywords: derandomization, circuit lower bounds, polynomial identity testing, promise BPP, hardness vs. randomness}
}
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