10 Search Results for "Goranci, Gramoz"


Document
Electrical Flows for Polylogarithmic Competitive Oblivious Routing

Authors: Gramoz Goranci, Monika Henzinger, Harald Räcke, Sushant Sachdeva, and A. R. Sricharan

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 287, 15th Innovations in Theoretical Computer Science Conference (ITCS 2024)


Abstract
Oblivious routing is a well-studied paradigm that uses static precomputed routing tables for selecting routing paths within a network. Existing oblivious routing schemes with polylogarithmic competitive ratio for general networks are tree-based, in the sense that routing is performed according to a convex combination of trees. However, this restriction to trees leads to a construction that has time quadratic in the size of the network and does not parallelize well. In this paper we study oblivious routing schemes based on electrical routing. In particular, we show that general networks with n vertices and m edges admit a routing scheme that has competitive ratio O(log² n) and consists of a convex combination of only O(√m) electrical routings. This immediately leads to an improved construction algorithm with time Õ(m^{3/2}) that can also be implemented in parallel with Õ(√m) depth.

Cite as

Gramoz Goranci, Monika Henzinger, Harald Räcke, Sushant Sachdeva, and A. R. Sricharan. Electrical Flows for Polylogarithmic Competitive Oblivious Routing. In 15th Innovations in Theoretical Computer Science Conference (ITCS 2024). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 287, pp. 55:1-55:22, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2024)


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@InProceedings{goranci_et_al:LIPIcs.ITCS.2024.55,
  author =	{Goranci, Gramoz and Henzinger, Monika and R\"{a}cke, Harald and Sachdeva, Sushant and Sricharan, A. R.},
  title =	{{Electrical Flows for Polylogarithmic Competitive Oblivious Routing}},
  booktitle =	{15th Innovations in Theoretical Computer Science Conference (ITCS 2024)},
  pages =	{55:1--55:22},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-309-6},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2024},
  volume =	{287},
  editor =	{Guruswami, Venkatesan},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ITCS.2024.55},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-195830},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.ITCS.2024.55},
  annote =	{Keywords: oblivious routing, electrical flows}
}
Document
Bootstrapping Dynamic Distance Oracles

Authors: Sebastian Forster, Gramoz Goranci, Yasamin Nazari, and Antonis Skarlatos

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 274, 31st Annual European Symposium on Algorithms (ESA 2023)


Abstract
Designing approximate all-pairs distance oracles in the fully dynamic setting is one of the central problems in dynamic graph algorithms. Despite extensive research on this topic, the first result breaking the O(√n) barrier on the update time for any non-trivial approximation was introduced only recently by Forster, Goranci and Henzinger [SODA'21] who achieved m^{1/ρ+o(1)} amortized update time with a O(log n)^{3ρ-2} factor in the approximation ratio, for any parameter ρ ≥ 1. In this paper, we give the first constant-stretch fully dynamic distance oracle with small polynomial update and query time. Prior work required either at least a poly-logarithmic approximation or much larger update time. Our result gives a more fine-grained trade-off between stretch and update time, for instance we can achieve constant stretch of O(1/(ρ²))^{4/ρ} in amortized update time Õ(n^{ρ}), and query time Õ(n^{ρ/8}) for any constant parameter 0 < ρ < 1. Our algorithm is randomized and assumes an oblivious adversary. A core technical idea underlying our construction is to design a black-box reduction from decremental approximate hub-labeling schemes to fully dynamic distance oracles, which may be of independent interest. We then apply this reduction repeatedly to an existing decremental algorithm to bootstrap our fully dynamic solution.

Cite as

Sebastian Forster, Gramoz Goranci, Yasamin Nazari, and Antonis Skarlatos. Bootstrapping Dynamic Distance Oracles. In 31st Annual European Symposium on Algorithms (ESA 2023). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 274, pp. 50:1-50:16, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2023)


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@InProceedings{forster_et_al:LIPIcs.ESA.2023.50,
  author =	{Forster, Sebastian and Goranci, Gramoz and Nazari, Yasamin and Skarlatos, Antonis},
  title =	{{Bootstrapping Dynamic Distance Oracles}},
  booktitle =	{31st Annual European Symposium on Algorithms (ESA 2023)},
  pages =	{50:1--50:16},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-295-2},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2023},
  volume =	{274},
  editor =	{G{\o}rtz, Inge Li and Farach-Colton, Martin and Puglisi, Simon J. and Herman, Grzegorz},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ESA.2023.50},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-187031},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.ESA.2023.50},
  annote =	{Keywords: Dynamic graph algorithms, Distance Oracles, Shortest Paths}
}
Document
Track A: Algorithms, Complexity and Games
Efficient Data Structures for Incremental Exact and Approximate Maximum Flow

Authors: Gramoz Goranci and Monika Henzinger

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 261, 50th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming (ICALP 2023)


Abstract
We show an (1+ε)-approximation algorithm for maintaining maximum s-t flow under m edge insertions in m^{1/2+o(1)} ε^{-1/2} amortized update time for directed, unweighted graphs. This constitutes the first sublinear dynamic maximum flow algorithm in general sparse graphs with arbitrarily good approximation guarantee. Furthermore we give an algorithm that maintains an exact maximum s-t flow under m edge insertions in an n-node graph in Õ(n^{5/2}) total update time. For sufficiently dense graphs, this gives to the first exact incremental algorithm with sub-linear amortized update time for maintaining maximum flows.

Cite as

Gramoz Goranci and Monika Henzinger. Efficient Data Structures for Incremental Exact and Approximate Maximum Flow. In 50th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming (ICALP 2023). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 261, pp. 69:1-69:14, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2023)


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@InProceedings{goranci_et_al:LIPIcs.ICALP.2023.69,
  author =	{Goranci, Gramoz and Henzinger, Monika},
  title =	{{Efficient Data Structures for Incremental Exact and Approximate Maximum Flow}},
  booktitle =	{50th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming (ICALP 2023)},
  pages =	{69:1--69:14},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-278-5},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2023},
  volume =	{261},
  editor =	{Etessami, Kousha and Feige, Uriel and Puppis, Gabriele},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ICALP.2023.69},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-181212},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.ICALP.2023.69},
  annote =	{Keywords: dynamic graph algorithms, maximum flow, data structures}
}
Document
Track A: Algorithms, Complexity and Games
Fully-Dynamic Graph Sparsifiers Against an Adaptive Adversary

Authors: Aaron Bernstein, Jan van den Brand, Maximilian Probst Gutenberg, Danupon Nanongkai, Thatchaphol Saranurak, Aaron Sidford, and He Sun

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 229, 49th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming (ICALP 2022)


Abstract
Designing efficient dynamic graph algorithms against an adaptive adversary is a major goal in the field of dynamic graph algorithms and has witnessed many exciting recent developments in, e.g., dynamic matching (Wajc STOC'20) and decremental shortest paths (Chuzhoy and Khanna STOC'19). Compared to other graph primitives (e.g. spanning trees and matchings), designing such algorithms for graph spanners and (more broadly) graph sparsifiers poses a unique challenge since there is no fast deterministic algorithm known for static computation and the lack of a way to adjust the output slowly (known as "small recourse/replacements"). This paper presents the first non-trivial efficient adaptive algorithms for maintaining many sparsifiers against an adaptive adversary. Specifically, we present algorithms that maintain 1) a polylog(n)-spanner of size Õ(n) in polylog(n) amortized update time, 2) an O(k)-approximate cut sparsifier of size Õ(n) in Õ(n^{1/k}) amortized update time, and 3) a polylog(n)-approximate spectral sparsifier in polylog(n) amortized update time. Our bounds are the first non-trivial ones even when only the recourse is concerned. Our results hold even against a stronger adversary, who can access the random bits previously used by the algorithms and the amortized update time of all algorithms can be made worst-case by paying sub-polynomial factors. Our spanner result resolves an open question by Ahmed et al. (2019) and our results and techniques imply additional improvements over existing results, including (i) answering open questions about decremental single-source shortest paths by Chuzhoy and Khanna (STOC'19) and Gutenberg and Wulff-Nilsen (SODA'20), implying a nearly-quadratic time algorithm for approximating minimum-cost unit-capacity flow and (ii) de-amortizing a result of Abraham et al. (FOCS'16) for dynamic spectral sparsifiers. Our results are based on two novel techniques. The first technique is a generic black-box reduction that allows us to assume that the graph is initially an expander with almost uniform-degree and, more importantly, stays as an almost uniform-degree expander while undergoing only edge deletions. The second technique is called proactive resampling: here we constantly re-sample parts of the input graph so that, independent of an adversary’s computational power, a desired structure of the underlying graph can be always maintained. Despite its simplicity, the analysis of this sampling scheme is far from trivial, because the adversary can potentially create dependencies between the random choices used by the algorithm. We believe these two techniques could be useful for developing other adaptive algorithms.

Cite as

Aaron Bernstein, Jan van den Brand, Maximilian Probst Gutenberg, Danupon Nanongkai, Thatchaphol Saranurak, Aaron Sidford, and He Sun. Fully-Dynamic Graph Sparsifiers Against an Adaptive Adversary. In 49th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming (ICALP 2022). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 229, pp. 20:1-20:20, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2022)


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@InProceedings{bernstein_et_al:LIPIcs.ICALP.2022.20,
  author =	{Bernstein, Aaron and van den Brand, Jan and Probst Gutenberg, Maximilian and Nanongkai, Danupon and Saranurak, Thatchaphol and Sidford, Aaron and Sun, He},
  title =	{{Fully-Dynamic Graph Sparsifiers Against an Adaptive Adversary}},
  booktitle =	{49th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming (ICALP 2022)},
  pages =	{20:1--20:20},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-235-8},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2022},
  volume =	{229},
  editor =	{Boja\'{n}czyk, Miko{\l}aj and Merelli, Emanuela and Woodruff, David P.},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ICALP.2022.20},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-163611},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.ICALP.2022.20},
  annote =	{Keywords: dynamic graph algorithm, adaptive adversary, spanner, sparsifier}
}
Document
A Tree Structure For Dynamic Facility Location

Authors: Gramoz Goranci, Monika Henzinger, and Dariusz Leniowski

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 112, 26th Annual European Symposium on Algorithms (ESA 2018)


Abstract
We study the metric facility location problem with client insertions and deletions. This setting differs from the classic dynamic facility location problem, where the set of clients remains the same, but the metric space can change over time. We show a deterministic algorithm that maintains a constant factor approximation to the optimal solution in worst-case time O~(2^{O(kappa^2)}) per client insertion or deletion in metric spaces while answering queries about the cost in O(1) time, where kappa denotes the doubling dimension of the metric. For metric spaces with bounded doubling dimension, the update time is polylogarithmic in the parameters of the problem.

Cite as

Gramoz Goranci, Monika Henzinger, and Dariusz Leniowski. A Tree Structure For Dynamic Facility Location. In 26th Annual European Symposium on Algorithms (ESA 2018). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 112, pp. 39:1-39:13, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2018)


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@InProceedings{goranci_et_al:LIPIcs.ESA.2018.39,
  author =	{Goranci, Gramoz and Henzinger, Monika and Leniowski, Dariusz},
  title =	{{A Tree Structure For Dynamic Facility Location}},
  booktitle =	{26th Annual European Symposium on Algorithms (ESA 2018)},
  pages =	{39:1--39:13},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-081-1},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2018},
  volume =	{112},
  editor =	{Azar, Yossi and Bast, Hannah and Herman, Grzegorz},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ESA.2018.39},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-95026},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.ESA.2018.39},
  annote =	{Keywords: facility location, dynamic algorithm, approximation, doubling dimension}
}
Document
Dynamic Effective Resistances and Approximate Schur Complement on Separable Graphs

Authors: Gramoz Goranci, Monika Henzinger, and Pan Peng

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 112, 26th Annual European Symposium on Algorithms (ESA 2018)


Abstract
We consider the problem of dynamically maintaining (approximate) all-pairs effective resistances in separable graphs, which are those that admit an n^{c}-separator theorem for some c<1. We give a fully dynamic algorithm that maintains (1+epsilon)-approximations of the all-pairs effective resistances of an n-vertex graph G undergoing edge insertions and deletions with O~(sqrt{n}/epsilon^2) worst-case update time and O~(sqrt{n}/epsilon^2) worst-case query time, if G is guaranteed to be sqrt{n}-separable (i.e., it is taken from a class satisfying a sqrt{n}-separator theorem) and its separator can be computed in O~(n) time. Our algorithm is built upon a dynamic algorithm for maintaining approximate Schur complement that approximately preserves pairwise effective resistances among a set of terminals for separable graphs, which might be of independent interest. We complement our result by proving that for any two fixed vertices s and t, no incremental or decremental algorithm can maintain the s-t effective resistance for sqrt{n}-separable graphs with worst-case update time O(n^{1/2-delta}) and query time O(n^{1-delta}) for any delta>0, unless the Online Matrix Vector Multiplication (OMv) conjecture is false. We further show that for general graphs, no incremental or decremental algorithm can maintain the s-t effective resistance problem with worst-case update time O(n^{1-delta}) and query-time O(n^{2-delta}) for any delta >0, unless the OMv conjecture is false.

Cite as

Gramoz Goranci, Monika Henzinger, and Pan Peng. Dynamic Effective Resistances and Approximate Schur Complement on Separable Graphs. In 26th Annual European Symposium on Algorithms (ESA 2018). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 112, pp. 40:1-40:15, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2018)


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@InProceedings{goranci_et_al:LIPIcs.ESA.2018.40,
  author =	{Goranci, Gramoz and Henzinger, Monika and Peng, Pan},
  title =	{{Dynamic Effective Resistances and Approximate Schur Complement on Separable Graphs}},
  booktitle =	{26th Annual European Symposium on Algorithms (ESA 2018)},
  pages =	{40:1--40:15},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-081-1},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2018},
  volume =	{112},
  editor =	{Azar, Yossi and Bast, Hannah and Herman, Grzegorz},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ESA.2018.40},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-95036},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.ESA.2018.40},
  annote =	{Keywords: Dynamic graph algorithms, effective resistance, separable graphs, Schur complement, conditional lower bounds}
}
Document
Improved Guarantees for Vertex Sparsification in Planar Graphs

Authors: Gramoz Goranci, Monika Henzinger, and Pan Peng

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 87, 25th Annual European Symposium on Algorithms (ESA 2017)


Abstract
Graph Sparsification aims at compressing large graphs into smaller ones while (approximately) preserving important characteristics of the input graph. In this work we study Vertex Sparsifiers, i.e., sparsifiers whose goal is to reduce the number of vertices. Given a weighted graph G=(V,E), and a terminal set K with |K|=k, a quality-q vertex cut sparsifier of G is a graph H with K contained in V_H that preserves the value of minimum cuts separating any bipartition of K, up to a factor of q. We show that planar graphs with all the k terminals lying on the same face admit quality-1 vertex cut sparsifier of size O(k^2) that are also planar. Our result extends to vertex flow and distance sparsifiers. It improves the previous best known bound of O(k^2 2^(2k)) for cut and flow sparsifiers by an exponential factor, and matches an Omega(k^2) lower-bound for this class of graphs. We also study vertex reachability sparsifiers for directed graphs. Given a digraph G=(V,E) and a terminal set K, a vertex reachability sparsifier of G is a digraph H=(V_H,E_H), K contained in V_H that preserves all reachability information among terminal pairs. We introduce the notion of reachability-preserving minors, i.e., we require H to be a minor of G. Among others, for general planar digraphs, we construct reachability-preserving minors of size O(k^2 log^2 k). We complement our upper-bound by showing that there exists an infinite family of acyclic planar digraphs such that any reachability-preserving minor must have Omega(k^2) vertices.

Cite as

Gramoz Goranci, Monika Henzinger, and Pan Peng. Improved Guarantees for Vertex Sparsification in Planar Graphs. In 25th Annual European Symposium on Algorithms (ESA 2017). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 87, pp. 44:1-44:14, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2017)


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@InProceedings{goranci_et_al:LIPIcs.ESA.2017.44,
  author =	{Goranci, Gramoz and Henzinger, Monika and Peng, Pan},
  title =	{{Improved Guarantees for Vertex Sparsification in Planar Graphs}},
  booktitle =	{25th Annual European Symposium on Algorithms (ESA 2017)},
  pages =	{44:1--44:14},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-049-1},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2017},
  volume =	{87},
  editor =	{Pruhs, Kirk and Sohler, Christian},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ESA.2017.44},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-78337},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.ESA.2017.44},
  annote =	{Keywords: Vertex Sparsification, Graph Sparsification, Planar Graphs, Metric Embedding, Reachability}
}
Document
The Power of Vertex Sparsifiers in Dynamic Graph Algorithms

Authors: Gramoz Goranci, Monika Henzinger, and Pan Peng

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 87, 25th Annual European Symposium on Algorithms (ESA 2017)


Abstract
We introduce a new algorithmic framework for designing dynamic graph algorithms in minor-free graphs, by exploiting the structure of such graphs and a tool called vertex sparsification, which is a way to compress large graphs into small ones that well preserve relevant properties among a subset of vertices and has previously mainly been used in the design of approximation algorithms. Using this framework, we obtain a Monte Carlo randomized fully dynamic algorithm for (1 + epsilon)-approximating the energy of electrical flows in n-vertex planar graphs with tilde{O}(r epsilon^{-2}) worst-case update time and tilde{O}((r + n / sqrt{r}) epsilon^{-2}) worst-case query time, for any r larger than some constant. For r=n^{2/3}, this gives tilde{O}(n^{2/3} epsilon^{-2}) update time and tilde{O}(n^{2/3} epsilon^{-2}) query time. We also extend this algorithm to work for minor-free graphs with similar approximation and running time guarantees. Furthermore, we illustrate our framework on the all-pairs max flow and shortest path problems by giving corresponding dynamic algorithms in minor-free graphs with both sublinear update and query times. To the best of our knowledge, our results are the first to systematically establish such a connection between dynamic graph algorithms and vertex sparsification. We also present both upper bound and lower bound for maintaining the energy of electrical flows in the incremental subgraph model, where updates consist of only vertex activations, which might be of independent interest.

Cite as

Gramoz Goranci, Monika Henzinger, and Pan Peng. The Power of Vertex Sparsifiers in Dynamic Graph Algorithms. In 25th Annual European Symposium on Algorithms (ESA 2017). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 87, pp. 45:1-45:14, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2017)


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@InProceedings{goranci_et_al:LIPIcs.ESA.2017.45,
  author =	{Goranci, Gramoz and Henzinger, Monika and Peng, Pan},
  title =	{{The Power of Vertex Sparsifiers in Dynamic Graph Algorithms}},
  booktitle =	{25th Annual European Symposium on Algorithms (ESA 2017)},
  pages =	{45:1--45:14},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-049-1},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2017},
  volume =	{87},
  editor =	{Pruhs, Kirk and Sohler, Christian},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ESA.2017.45},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-78460},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.ESA.2017.45},
  annote =	{Keywords: Dynamic graph algorithms, electrical flow, minor-free graphs, max flow}
}
Document
Graph Minors for Preserving Terminal Distances Approximately - Lower and Upper Bounds

Authors: Yun Kuen Cheung, Gramoz Goranci, and Monika Henzinger

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 55, 43rd International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming (ICALP 2016)


Abstract
Given a graph where vertices are partitioned into k terminals and non-terminals, the goal is to compress the graph (i.e., reduce the number of non-terminals) using minor operations while preserving terminal distances approximately. The distortion of a compressed graph is the maximum multiplicative blow-up of distances between all pairs of terminals. We study the trade-off between the number of non-terminals and the distortion. This problem generalizes the Steiner Point Removal (SPR) problem, in which all non-terminals must be removed. We introduce a novel black-box reduction to convert any lower bound on distortion for the SPR problem into a super-linear lower bound on the number of non-terminals, with the same distortion, for our problem. This allows us to show that there exist graphs such that every minor with distortion less than 2 / 2.5 / 3 must have Omega(k^2) / Omega(k^{5/4}) / Omega(k^{6/5}) non-terminals, plus more trade-offs in between. The black-box reduction has an interesting consequence: if the tight lower bound on distortion for the SPR problem is super-constant, then allowing any O(k) non-terminals will not help improving the lower bound to a constant. We also build on the existing results on spanners, distance oracles and connected 0-extensions to show a number of upper bounds for general graphs, planar graphs, graphs that exclude a fixed minor and bounded treewidth graphs. Among others, we show that any graph admits a minor with O(log k) distortion and O(k^2) non-terminals, and any planar graph admits a minor with 1 + epsilon distortion and ~O((k/epsilon)^2) non-terminals.

Cite as

Yun Kuen Cheung, Gramoz Goranci, and Monika Henzinger. Graph Minors for Preserving Terminal Distances Approximately - Lower and Upper Bounds. In 43rd International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming (ICALP 2016). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 55, pp. 131:1-131:14, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2016)


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@InProceedings{cheung_et_al:LIPIcs.ICALP.2016.131,
  author =	{Cheung, Yun Kuen and Goranci, Gramoz and Henzinger, Monika},
  title =	{{Graph Minors for Preserving Terminal Distances Approximately - Lower and Upper Bounds}},
  booktitle =	{43rd International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming (ICALP 2016)},
  pages =	{131:1--131:14},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-013-2},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2016},
  volume =	{55},
  editor =	{Chatzigiannakis, Ioannis and Mitzenmacher, Michael and Rabani, Yuval and Sangiorgi, Davide},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ICALP.2016.131},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-62675},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.ICALP.2016.131},
  annote =	{Keywords: Distance Approximating Minor, Graph Minor, Graph Compression, Vertex Sparsification, Metric Embedding}
}
Document
Incremental Exact Min-Cut in Poly-logarithmic Amortized Update Time

Authors: Gramoz Goranci, Monika Henzinger, and Mikkel Thorup

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 57, 24th Annual European Symposium on Algorithms (ESA 2016)


Abstract
We present a deterministic incremental algorithm for exactly maintaining the size of a minimum cut with ~O(1) amortized time per edge insertion and O(1) query time. This result partially answers an open question posed by Thorup [Combinatorica 2007]. It also stays in sharp contrast to a polynomial conditional lower-bound for the fully-dynamic weighted minimum cut problem. Our algorithm is obtained by combining a recent sparsification technique of Kawarabayashi and Thorup [STOC 2015] and an exact incremental algorithm of Henzinger [J. of Algorithm 1997]. We also study space-efficient incremental algorithms for the minimum cut problem. Concretely, we show that there exists an O(n log n/epsilon^2) space Monte-Carlo algorithm that can process a stream of edge insertions starting from an empty graph, and with high probability, the algorithm maintains a (1+epsilon)-approximation to the minimum cut. The algorithm has ~O(1) amortized update-time and constant query-time.

Cite as

Gramoz Goranci, Monika Henzinger, and Mikkel Thorup. Incremental Exact Min-Cut in Poly-logarithmic Amortized Update Time. In 24th Annual European Symposium on Algorithms (ESA 2016). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 57, pp. 46:1-46:17, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2016)


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@InProceedings{goranci_et_al:LIPIcs.ESA.2016.46,
  author =	{Goranci, Gramoz and Henzinger, Monika and Thorup, Mikkel},
  title =	{{Incremental Exact Min-Cut in Poly-logarithmic Amortized Update Time}},
  booktitle =	{24th Annual European Symposium on Algorithms (ESA 2016)},
  pages =	{46:1--46:17},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-015-6},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2016},
  volume =	{57},
  editor =	{Sankowski, Piotr and Zaroliagis, Christos},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ESA.2016.46},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-63584},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.ESA.2016.46},
  annote =	{Keywords: Dynamic Graph Algorithms, Minimum Cut, Edge Connectivity}
}
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