6 Search Results for "Quinones, Eduardo"

Document
DOI: 10.4230/OASIcs.WCET.2016.9
Measurement-Based Timing Analysis of the AURIX Caches

Authors: Leonidas Kosmidis, Davide Compagnin, David Morales, Enrico Mezzetti, Eduardo Quinones, Jaume Abella, Tullio Vardanega, and Francisco J. Cazorla

Published in: OASIcs, Volume 55, 16th International Workshop on Worst-Case Execution Time Analysis (WCET 2016)

Abstract
Cache memories are one of the hardware resources with higher potential to reduce worst-case execution time (WCET) costs for software programs with tight real-time constraints. Yet, the complexity of cache analysis has caused a large fraction of real-time systems industry to avoid using them, especially in the automotive sector. For measurement-based timing analysis (MBTA) - the dominant technique in domains such as automotive - cache challenges the definition of test scenarios stressful enough to produce (cache) layouts that causing high contention. In this paper, we present our experience in enabling the use of caches for a real automotive application running on an AURIX multiprocessor, using software randomization and measurement-based probabilistic timing analysis (MBPTA). Our results show that software randomization successfully exposes - in the experiments performed for timing analysis - cache related variability, in a manner that can be effectively captured by MBPTA.
Cite as

Leonidas Kosmidis, Davide Compagnin, David Morales, Enrico Mezzetti, Eduardo Quinones, Jaume Abella, Tullio Vardanega, and Francisco J. Cazorla. Measurement-Based Timing Analysis of the AURIX Caches. In 16th International Workshop on Worst-Case Execution Time Analysis (WCET 2016). Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 55, pp. 9:1-9:11, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2016)

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@InProceedings{kosmidis_et_al:OASIcs.WCET.2016.9,
  author =	{Kosmidis, Leonidas and Compagnin, Davide and Morales, David and Mezzetti, Enrico and Quinones, Eduardo and Abella, Jaume and Vardanega, Tullio and Cazorla, Francisco J.},
  title =	{{Measurement-Based Timing Analysis of the AURIX Caches}},
  booktitle =	{16th International Workshop on Worst-Case Execution Time Analysis (WCET 2016)},
  pages =	{9:1--9:11},
  series =	{Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-025-5},
  ISSN =	{2190-6807},
  year =	{2016},
  volume =	{55},
  editor =	{Schoeberl, Martin},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.WCET.2016.9},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-69028},
  doi =		{10.4230/OASIcs.WCET.2016.9},
  annote =	{Keywords: WCET, caches, AURIX, Automotive}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LITES-v002-i001-a001
Randomized Caches Can Be Pretty Useful to Hard Real-Time Systems

Authors: Enrico Mezzetti, Marco Ziccardi, Tullio Vardanega, Jaume Abella, Eduardo Quiñones, and Francisco J. Cazorla

Published in: LITES, Volume 2, Issue 1 (2015). Leibniz Transactions on Embedded Systems, Volume 2, Issue 1

Abstract
Cache randomization per se, and its viability for probabilistic timing analysis (PTA) of critical real-time systems, are receiving increasingly close attention from the scientific community and the industrial practitioners. In fact, the very notion of introducing randomness and probabilities in time-critical systems has caused strenuous debates owing to the apparent clash that this idea has with the strictly deterministic view traditionally held for those systems. A paper recently appeared in LITES (Reineke, J. (2014). Randomized Caches Considered Harmful in Hard Real-Time Systems. LITES, 1(1), 03:1-03:13.) provides a critical analysis of the weaknesses and risks entailed in using randomized caches in hard real-time systems. In order to provide the interested reader with a fuller, balanced appreciation of the subject matter, a critical analysis of the benefits brought about by that innovation should be provided also. This short paper addresses that need by revisiting the array of issues addressed in the cited work, in the light of the latest advances to the relevant state of the art. Accordingly, we show that the potential benefits of randomized caches do offset their limitations, causing them to be - when used in conjunction with PTA - a serious competitor to conventional designs.
Cite as

Enrico Mezzetti, Marco Ziccardi, Tullio Vardanega, Jaume Abella, Eduardo Quiñones, and Francisco J. Cazorla. Randomized Caches Can Be Pretty Useful to Hard Real-Time Systems. In LITES, Volume 2, Issue 1 (2015). Leibniz Transactions on Embedded Systems, Volume 2, Issue 1, pp. 01:1-01:10, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2015)

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@Article{mezzetti_et_al:LITES-v002-i001-a001,
  author =	{Mezzetti, Enrico and Ziccardi, Marco and Vardanega, Tullio and Abella, Jaume and Qui\~{n}ones, Eduardo and Cazorla, Francisco J.},
  title =	{{Randomized Caches Can Be Pretty Useful to Hard Real-Time Systems}},
  journal =	{Leibniz Transactions on Embedded Systems},
  pages =	{01:1--01:10},
  ISSN =	{2199-2002},
  year =	{2015},
  volume =	{2},
  number =	{1},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LITES-v002-i001-a001},
  doi =		{10.4230/LITES-v002-i001-a001},
  annote =	{Keywords: Real-time systems, Probabilistic WCET, Randomized caches}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/OASIcs.WCET.2014.31
Contention in Multicore Hardware Shared Resources: Understanding of the State of the Art

Authors: Gabriel Fernandez, Jaume Abella, Eduardo Quiñones, Christine Rochange, Tullio Vardanega, and Francisco J. Cazorla

Published in: OASIcs, Volume 39, 14th International Workshop on Worst-Case Execution Time Analysis (2014)

Abstract
The real-time systems community has over the years devoted considerable attention to the impact on execution timing that arises from contention on access to hardware shared resources. The relevance of this problem has been accentuated with the arrival of multicore processors. From the state of the art on the subject, there appears to be considerable diversity in the understanding of the problem and in the "approach" to solve it. This sparseness makes it difficult for any reader to form a coherent picture of the problem and solution space. This paper draws a tentative taxonomy in which each known approach to the problem can be categorised based on its specific goals and assumptions.
Cite as

Gabriel Fernandez, Jaume Abella, Eduardo Quiñones, Christine Rochange, Tullio Vardanega, and Francisco J. Cazorla. Contention in Multicore Hardware Shared Resources: Understanding of the State of the Art. In 14th International Workshop on Worst-Case Execution Time Analysis. Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 39, pp. 31-42, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2014)

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@InProceedings{fernandez_et_al:OASIcs.WCET.2014.31,
  author =	{Fernandez, Gabriel and Abella, Jaume and Qui\~{n}ones, Eduardo and Rochange, Christine and Vardanega, Tullio and Cazorla, Francisco J.},
  title =	{{Contention in Multicore Hardware Shared Resources: Understanding of the State of the Art}},
  booktitle =	{14th International Workshop on Worst-Case Execution Time Analysis},
  pages =	{31--42},
  series =	{Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-939897-69-9},
  ISSN =	{2190-6807},
  year =	{2014},
  volume =	{39},
  editor =	{Falk, Heiko},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.WCET.2014.31},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-46027},
  doi =		{10.4230/OASIcs.WCET.2014.31},
  annote =	{Keywords: Contention, Multicores, WCET Analysis}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/OASIcs.WCET.2014.63
The Challenge of Time-Predictability in Modern Many-Core Architectures

Authors: Vincent Nélis, Patrick Meumeu Yomsi, Luís Miguel Pinho, José Carlos Fonseca, Marko Bertogna, Eduardo Quiñones, Roberto Vargas, and Andrea Marongiu

Published in: OASIcs, Volume 39, 14th International Workshop on Worst-Case Execution Time Analysis (2014)

Abstract
The recent technological advancements and market trends are causing an interesting phenomenon towards the convergence of High-Performance Computing (HPC) and Embedded Computing (EC) domains. Many recent HPC applications require huge amounts of information to be processed within a bounded amount of time while EC systems are increasingly concerned with providing higher performance in real-time. The convergence of these two domains towards systems requiring both high performance and a predictable time-behavior challenges the capabilities of current hardware architectures. Fortunately, the advent of next-generation many-core embedded platforms has the chance of intercepting this converging need for predictability and high-performance, allowing HPC and EC applications to be executed on efficient and powerful heterogeneous architectures integrating general-purpose processors with many-core computing fabrics. However, addressing this mixed set of requirements is not without its own challenges and it is now of paramount importance to develop new techniques to exploit the massively parallel computation capabilities of many-core platforms in a predictable way.
Cite as

Vincent Nélis, Patrick Meumeu Yomsi, Luís Miguel Pinho, José Carlos Fonseca, Marko Bertogna, Eduardo Quiñones, Roberto Vargas, and Andrea Marongiu. The Challenge of Time-Predictability in Modern Many-Core Architectures. In 14th International Workshop on Worst-Case Execution Time Analysis. Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 39, pp. 63-72, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2014)

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@InProceedings{nelis_et_al:OASIcs.WCET.2014.63,
  author =	{N\'{e}lis, Vincent and Yomsi, Patrick Meumeu and Pinho, Lu{\'\i}s Miguel and Fonseca, Jos\'{e} Carlos and Bertogna, Marko and Qui\~{n}ones, Eduardo and Vargas, Roberto and Marongiu, Andrea},
  title =	{{The Challenge of Time-Predictability in Modern Many-Core Architectures}},
  booktitle =	{14th International Workshop on Worst-Case Execution Time Analysis},
  pages =	{63--72},
  series =	{Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-939897-69-9},
  ISSN =	{2190-6807},
  year =	{2014},
  volume =	{39},
  editor =	{Falk, Heiko},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.WCET.2014.63},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-46050},
  doi =		{10.4230/OASIcs.WCET.2014.63},
  annote =	{Keywords: Time-Predictability, Many-Cores, Multi-Cores, Timing Analysis}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/OASIcs.WCET.2013.64
Upper-bounding Program Execution Time with Extreme Value Theory

Authors: Francisco J. Cazorla, Tullio Vardanega, Eduardo Quiñones, and Jaume Abella

Published in: OASIcs, Volume 30, 13th International Workshop on Worst-Case Execution Time Analysis (2013)

Abstract
In this paper we discuss the limitations of and the precautions to account for when using Extreme Value Theory (EVT) to compute upper bounds to the execution time of programs. We analyse the requirements placed by EVT on the observations to be made of the events of interest, and the conditions that render safe the computations of execution time upper bounds. We also study the requirements that a recent EVT-based timing analysis technique, Measurement-Based Probabilistic Timing Analysis (MBPTA), introduces, besides those imposed by EVT, on the computing system under analysis to increase the trustworthiness of the upper bounds that it computes.
Cite as

Francisco J. Cazorla, Tullio Vardanega, Eduardo Quiñones, and Jaume Abella. Upper-bounding Program Execution Time with Extreme Value Theory. In 13th International Workshop on Worst-Case Execution Time Analysis. Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 30, pp. 64-76, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2013)

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@InProceedings{cazorla_et_al:OASIcs.WCET.2013.64,
  author =	{Cazorla, Francisco J. and Vardanega, Tullio and Qui\~{n}ones, Eduardo and Abella, Jaume},
  title =	{{Upper-bounding Program Execution Time with Extreme Value Theory}},
  booktitle =	{13th International Workshop on Worst-Case Execution Time Analysis},
  pages =	{64--76},
  series =	{Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-939897-54-5},
  ISSN =	{2190-6807},
  year =	{2013},
  volume =	{30},
  editor =	{Maiza, Claire},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.WCET.2013.64},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-41232},
  doi =		{10.4230/OASIcs.WCET.2013.64},
  annote =	{Keywords: WCET, Extreme Value Theory, Probabilistic, Deterministic}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/OASIcs.WCET.2013.97
Applying Measurement-Based Probabilistic Timing Analysis to Buffer Resources

Authors: Leonidas Kosmidis, Tullio Vardanega, Jaume Abella, Eduardo Quiñones, and Francisco J. Cazorla

Published in: OASIcs, Volume 30, 13th International Workshop on Worst-Case Execution Time Analysis (2013)

Abstract
The use of complex hardware makes it difficult for current timing analysis techniques to compute trustworthy and tight worst-case execution time (WCET) bounds. Those techniques require detailed knowledge of the internal operation and state of the platform, at both the software and hardware level. Obtaining that information for modern hardware platforms is increasingly difficult. Measurement-Based Probabilistic Timing Analysis (MBPTA) reduces the cost of acquiring the knowledge needed for computing trustworthy and tight WCET bounds. MBPTA based on Extreme Value Theory requires the execution time of processor instructions to be independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.), which can be achieved with some hardware support. Previous proposals show how those properties can be achieved for caches. This paper considers, for the first time, the implications on MBPTA of using buffer resources. Buffers in general, and first-come first-served (FCFS) buffers in particular, are of paramount importance as the complexity of hardware increases, since they allow managing contention in those resources where multiple requests may be pending. We show how buffers can be used in the context of MBPTA and provide illustrative examples.
Cite as

Leonidas Kosmidis, Tullio Vardanega, Jaume Abella, Eduardo Quiñones, and Francisco J. Cazorla. Applying Measurement-Based Probabilistic Timing Analysis to Buffer Resources. In 13th International Workshop on Worst-Case Execution Time Analysis. Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 30, pp. 97-108, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2013)

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@InProceedings{kosmidis_et_al:OASIcs.WCET.2013.97,
  author =	{Kosmidis, Leonidas and Vardanega, Tullio and Abella, Jaume and Qui\~{n}ones, Eduardo and Cazorla, Francisco J.},
  title =	{{Applying Measurement-Based Probabilistic Timing Analysis to Buffer Resources}},
  booktitle =	{13th International Workshop on Worst-Case Execution Time Analysis},
  pages =	{97--108},
  series =	{Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-939897-54-5},
  ISSN =	{2190-6807},
  year =	{2013},
  volume =	{30},
  editor =	{Maiza, Claire},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.WCET.2013.97},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-41269},
  doi =		{10.4230/OASIcs.WCET.2013.97},
  annote =	{Keywords: WCET, Buffer, Probabilistic Timing Analysis}
}
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