45 Search Results for "Varanda Pereira, Maria Jo�o"


Document
Characterization and Identification of Programming Languages

Authors: Júlio Alves, Alvaro Costa Neto, Maria João Varanda Pereira, and Pedro Rangel Henriques

Published in: OASIcs, Volume 113, 12th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2023)


Abstract
This paper presents and discusses a research work whose main goal is to identify which characteristics influence the recognition and identification, by a programmer, of a programming language, specifically analysing a program source code and its linguistic style. In other words, the study that is described aims at answering the following questions: which grammatical elements - including lexical, syntactic, and semantic details - contribute the most for the characterization of a language? How many structural elements of a language may be modified without losing its identity? The long term objective of such research is to acquire new insights on the factors that can lead language engineers to design new programming languages that reduce the cognitive load of both learners and programmers. To elaborate on that subject, the paper starts with a brief explanation of programming languages fundamentals. Then, a list of the main syntactic characteristics of a set of programming languages, chosen for the study, is presented. Those characteristics outcome from the analysis we carried on at first phase of our project. To go deeper on the investigation we decided to collect and analyze the opinion of other programmers. So, the design of a survey to address that task is discussed. The answers obtained from the application of the questionnaire are analysed to present an overall picture of programming languages characteristics and their relative influence to their identification from the programmers’ perspective.

Cite as

Júlio Alves, Alvaro Costa Neto, Maria João Varanda Pereira, and Pedro Rangel Henriques. Characterization and Identification of Programming Languages. In 12th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2023). Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 113, pp. 13:1-13:13, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2023)


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@InProceedings{alves_et_al:OASIcs.SLATE.2023.13,
  author =	{Alves, J\'{u}lio and Costa Neto, Alvaro and Pereira, Maria Jo\~{a}o Varanda and Henriques, Pedro Rangel},
  title =	{{Characterization and Identification of Programming Languages}},
  booktitle =	{12th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2023)},
  pages =	{13:1--13:13},
  series =	{Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-291-4},
  ISSN =	{2190-6807},
  year =	{2023},
  volume =	{113},
  editor =	{Sim\~{o}es, Alberto and Ber\'{o}n, Mario Marcelo and Portela, Filipe},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2023.13},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-185273},
  doi =		{10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2023.13},
  annote =	{Keywords: Programming Languages, Programming Language Characterization, Programming Language Design, Programming Language Identification}
}
Document
NLP/AI Based Techniques for Programming Exercises Generation

Authors: Tiago Carvalho Freitas, Alvaro Costa Neto, Maria João Varanda Pereira, and Pedro Rangel Henriques

Published in: OASIcs, Volume 112, 4th International Computer Programming Education Conference (ICPEC 2023)


Abstract
This paper focuses on the enhancement of computer programming exercises generation to the benefit of both students and teachers. By exploring Natural Language Processing (NLP) and Machine Learning (ML) methods for automatic generation of text and source code, it is possible to semi-automatically construct programming exercises, aiding teachers to reduce redundant work and more easily apply active learning methodologies. This would not only allow them to still play a leading role in the teaching-learning process, but also provide students a better and more interactive learning experience. If embedded in a widely accessible website, an exercises generator with these Artificial Intelligence (AI) methods might be used directly by students, in order to obtain randomised lists of exercises for their own study, at their own time. The emergence of new and increasingly powerful technologies, such as the ones utilised by ChatGPT, raises the discussion about their use for exercise generation. Albeit highly capable, monetary and computational costs are still obstacles for wider adoption, as well as the possibility of incorrect results. This paper describes the characteristics and behaviour of several ML models applied and trained for text and code generation and their use to generate computer programming exercises. Finally, an analysis based on correctness and coherence of the resulting exercise statements and complementary source codes generated/produced is presented, and the role that this type of technology can play in a programming exercise automatic generation system is discussed.

Cite as

Tiago Carvalho Freitas, Alvaro Costa Neto, Maria João Varanda Pereira, and Pedro Rangel Henriques. NLP/AI Based Techniques for Programming Exercises Generation. In 4th International Computer Programming Education Conference (ICPEC 2023). Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 112, pp. 9:1-9:12, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2023)


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@InProceedings{freitas_et_al:OASIcs.ICPEC.2023.9,
  author =	{Freitas, Tiago Carvalho and Costa Neto, Alvaro and Pereira, Maria Jo\~{a}o Varanda and Henriques, Pedro Rangel},
  title =	{{NLP/AI Based Techniques for Programming Exercises Generation}},
  booktitle =	{4th International Computer Programming Education Conference (ICPEC 2023)},
  pages =	{9:1--9:12},
  series =	{Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-290-7},
  ISSN =	{2190-6807},
  year =	{2023},
  volume =	{112},
  editor =	{Peixoto de Queir\'{o}s, Ricardo Alexandre and Teixeira Pinto, M\'{a}rio Paulo},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.ICPEC.2023.9},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-185058},
  doi =		{10.4230/OASIcs.ICPEC.2023.9},
  annote =	{Keywords: Natural Language Processing, Computer Programming Education, Exercises Generation, Text Generation, Code Generation}
}
Document
Value-Focused Investigation into Programming Languages Affinity

Authors: Alvaro Costa Neto, Cristiana Araújo, Maria João Varanda Pereira, and Pedro Rangel Henriques

Published in: OASIcs, Volume 102, Third International Computer Programming Education Conference (ICPEC 2022)


Abstract
The search for better techniques to teach computer programming is paramount in order to improve the students' learning experiences. Several approaches have been proposed throughout the years, usually through technical solutions such as evaluation systems, digital classrooms, interactive lessons and so on. Personal factors, such as affinity, have been largely unexplored due to their qualitative and abstract nature. The results of a preliminary survey on how and why affinity is created between programmers and their favorite languages, conducted on a master’s degree class at Universidade do Minho, showed unexpected results as to which languages became favorites and the possible reasons for the students' choices. Aiming at further exploration on this topic and continuation of this research, the Value-Focused Thinking method was applied in order to construct a more complex, in-depth survey. This value-oriented method kept focus under control and even raised a handful of opportunities to improve the research as a whole. This paper describes the Value-Focused Thinking method and how it was applied to construct a new and deeper computer programming education survey to understand affinity with languages.

Cite as

Alvaro Costa Neto, Cristiana Araújo, Maria João Varanda Pereira, and Pedro Rangel Henriques. Value-Focused Investigation into Programming Languages Affinity. In Third International Computer Programming Education Conference (ICPEC 2022). Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 102, pp. 1:1-1:12, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2022)


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@InProceedings{costaneto_et_al:OASIcs.ICPEC.2022.1,
  author =	{Costa Neto, Alvaro and Ara\'{u}jo, Cristiana and Pereira, Maria Jo\~{a}o Varanda and Henriques, Pedro Rangel},
  title =	{{Value-Focused Investigation into Programming Languages Affinity}},
  booktitle =	{Third International Computer Programming Education Conference (ICPEC 2022)},
  pages =	{1:1--1:12},
  series =	{Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-229-7},
  ISSN =	{2190-6807},
  year =	{2022},
  volume =	{102},
  editor =	{Sim\~{o}es, Alberto and Silva, Jo\~{a}o Carlos},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.ICPEC.2022.1},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-166051},
  doi =		{10.4230/OASIcs.ICPEC.2022.1},
  annote =	{Keywords: Computer Programming, Programming Languages, Affinity, Education, Learning, Value-Focused Thinking}
}
Document
Lyntax - A grammar-Based Tool for Linguistics

Authors: Manuel Gouveia Carneiro de Sousa, Maria João Varanda Pereira, and Pedro Rangel Henriques

Published in: OASIcs, Volume 94, 10th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2021)


Abstract
This paper is focused on using the formalism of attribute grammars to create a tool that allows Linguistic teachers to construct automatically their own processors totally adapted to each linguistic exercise. The system developed, named Lyntax, is a compiler for a domain specific language which intends to enable the teacher to specify different kinds of sentence structures, and then, ask the student to test his own sentences against those structures. The processor Lyntax validates the grammar (DSL program) written by the teacher, generating a processor every time the student defines a new sentence. For that ANTLR is used in both steps, generating not only the specialized processor but also the visualization of the syntax tree for analysis purposes. An interface that supports the specification of the language was built, also allowing the use of the processor and the generation of the specific grammar, abstracting the user of any calculations.

Cite as

Manuel Gouveia Carneiro de Sousa, Maria João Varanda Pereira, and Pedro Rangel Henriques. Lyntax - A grammar-Based Tool for Linguistics. In 10th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2021). Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 94, pp. 4:1-4:13, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2021)


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@InProceedings{desousa_et_al:OASIcs.SLATE.2021.4,
  author =	{de Sousa, Manuel Gouveia Carneiro and Pereira, Maria Jo\~{a}o Varanda and Henriques, Pedro Rangel},
  title =	{{Lyntax - A grammar-Based Tool for Linguistics}},
  booktitle =	{10th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2021)},
  pages =	{4:1--4:13},
  series =	{Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-202-0},
  ISSN =	{2190-6807},
  year =	{2021},
  volume =	{94},
  editor =	{Queir\'{o}s, Ricardo and Pinto, M\'{a}rio and Sim\~{o}es, Alberto and Portela, Filipe and Pereira, Maria Jo\~{a}o},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2021.4},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-144213},
  doi =		{10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2021.4},
  annote =	{Keywords: Attribute Grammars, Linguistic Rules, Pedagogical Linguistic Tools}
}
Document
Programmers' Affinity to Languages

Authors: Alvaro Costa Neto, Cristiana Araújo, Maria João Varanda Pereira, and Pedro Rangel Henriques

Published in: OASIcs, Volume 91, Second International Computer Programming Education Conference (ICPEC 2021)


Abstract
Students face several challenges when learning computer programming languages, a central topic to acquire programming skills. While those challenges that present a predominantly technical nature have been intensely studied by researchers along the years, the ones that are concerned with qualitative, and personal aspects have not. Affinity to a programming language is one of the many personal factors that may contribute to surpass these qualitative aspects that describe the difficulties that students face. From this point-of-view, this paper presents a proposal for treating and studying programmers' affinity to programming languages as an important factor for learning computer programming. It also reports a preliminary questionnaire conducted on a master’s degree class at Universidade do Minho that showed that affinity may have a broader relation to learning computer programming than anticipated. Finally, a set of relevant questions are stated to compose a future inquiry aimed at deepening the knowledge on the affinity between programmers and languages, paving the way for following research.

Cite as

Alvaro Costa Neto, Cristiana Araújo, Maria João Varanda Pereira, and Pedro Rangel Henriques. Programmers' Affinity to Languages. In Second International Computer Programming Education Conference (ICPEC 2021). Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 91, pp. 3:1-3:7, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2021)


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@InProceedings{costaneto_et_al:OASIcs.ICPEC.2021.3,
  author =	{Costa Neto, Alvaro and Ara\'{u}jo, Cristiana and Pereira, Maria Jo\~{a}o Varanda and Henriques, Pedro Rangel},
  title =	{{Programmers' Affinity to Languages}},
  booktitle =	{Second International Computer Programming Education Conference (ICPEC 2021)},
  pages =	{3:1--3:7},
  series =	{Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-194-8},
  ISSN =	{2190-6807},
  year =	{2021},
  volume =	{91},
  editor =	{Henriques, Pedro Rangel and Portela, Filipe and Queir\'{o}s, Ricardo and Sim\~{o}es, Alberto},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.ICPEC.2021.3},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-142192},
  doi =		{10.4230/OASIcs.ICPEC.2021.3},
  annote =	{Keywords: Computer programming, Programming Languages, Affinity, Education, Learning}
}
Document
Integrating a Graph Builder into Python Tutor

Authors: Diogo Soares, Maria João Varanda Pereira, and Pedro Rangel Henriques

Published in: OASIcs, Volume 91, Second International Computer Programming Education Conference (ICPEC 2021)


Abstract
Analysing unknown source code to comprehend it is quite hard and expensive task. Therefore, the Program Comprehension (PC) subject has always been an area of interest as it helps to realize how a program works by identifying the code that implements each functionality. This means being able to map the problem domain with the program domain. PC is a complex area, but its importance for programmers is so high that many approaches and tools were proposed along the last two decades. Program Animation is one of those approaches requiring specialized techniques. For each programming language, there are already tools that enable us to execute a program step by step, visualize its execution path, observe the effect of each instruction on its data structures, and inspect the value of its variables at any point. In the present context, we sustain the idea that PC techniques and tools can also be of great value for students taking the first steps in programming using a specific language. To this end, we aim to improve Python Tutor, a well-known program visualization tool, with graph-based representations of source code such as Control Flow Graph (CFG), Data Flow Graph (DFG), Function Call Graph (FCG) and System Control Graph (SCG). This helps novice programmers to understand the source code analyzing not only the variable contents but also a set of automatically generated graph-based visualizations, that were not included in Python Tutor so far. This will allow the students to be focused on certain aspects of the program (depending on the graph), abstracting others such as details of its syntax.

Cite as

Diogo Soares, Maria João Varanda Pereira, and Pedro Rangel Henriques. Integrating a Graph Builder into Python Tutor. In Second International Computer Programming Education Conference (ICPEC 2021). Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 91, pp. 6:1-6:15, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2021)


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@InProceedings{soares_et_al:OASIcs.ICPEC.2021.6,
  author =	{Soares, Diogo and Pereira, Maria Jo\~{a}o Varanda and Henriques, Pedro Rangel},
  title =	{{Integrating a Graph Builder into Python Tutor}},
  booktitle =	{Second International Computer Programming Education Conference (ICPEC 2021)},
  pages =	{6:1--6:15},
  series =	{Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-194-8},
  ISSN =	{2190-6807},
  year =	{2021},
  volume =	{91},
  editor =	{Henriques, Pedro Rangel and Portela, Filipe and Queir\'{o}s, Ricardo and Sim\~{o}es, Alberto},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.ICPEC.2021.6},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-142221},
  doi =		{10.4230/OASIcs.ICPEC.2021.6},
  annote =	{Keywords: Program Visualization, Python Tutor, Data Flow Graphs, Control Flow Graphs}
}
Document
Short Paper
Active Methodologies in Incoming Programming Classes (Short Paper)

Authors: João Paulo Aires, Simone Bello Kaminski Aires, Maria João Varanda Pereira, and Luís M. Alves

Published in: OASIcs, Volume 91, Second International Computer Programming Education Conference (ICPEC 2021)


Abstract
Innovative approaches in teaching programming have been required to improve the success of incoming programming students. This work presents the initial results of a teaching strategy implemented in the Algorithms subject of a Computer Science course. Ninety-five students, enrolled in this subject during the first semester of the course, participated in the research. The reported activity is related with active methodologies of teaching and Problem-Based Learning, being developed on the first day of class in groups of up to five students. The activity was based in two actions: 1) answering a questionnaire associating computing elements to daily life routines; and, 2) even without programming concepts knowledge, develop a smartphone application. Each group received a questionnaire containing 19 questions, divided into four blocks. What can be perceived with the accomplishment of this work, was the enthusiasm, motivation and engagement of the students who, even being unknown from each other, organized themselves in the groups and researched the necessary strategies to complete the challenge. The teacher acted as an advisor in the teaching process, conducting the experiment in order to lead students to find the solution.

Cite as

João Paulo Aires, Simone Bello Kaminski Aires, Maria João Varanda Pereira, and Luís M. Alves. Active Methodologies in Incoming Programming Classes (Short Paper). In Second International Computer Programming Education Conference (ICPEC 2021). Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 91, pp. 8:1-8:9, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2021)


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@InProceedings{aires_et_al:OASIcs.ICPEC.2021.8,
  author =	{Aires, Jo\~{a}o Paulo and Aires, Simone Bello Kaminski and Pereira, Maria Jo\~{a}o Varanda and Alves, Lu{\'\i}s M.},
  title =	{{Active Methodologies in Incoming Programming Classes}},
  booktitle =	{Second International Computer Programming Education Conference (ICPEC 2021)},
  pages =	{8:1--8:9},
  series =	{Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-194-8},
  ISSN =	{2190-6807},
  year =	{2021},
  volume =	{91},
  editor =	{Henriques, Pedro Rangel and Portela, Filipe and Queir\'{o}s, Ricardo and Sim\~{o}es, Alberto},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.ICPEC.2021.8},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-142241},
  doi =		{10.4230/OASIcs.ICPEC.2021.8},
  annote =	{Keywords: Teaching Programming, Active Methodologies, Learning Innovation}
}
Document
Detection of Vulnerabilities in Smart Contracts Specifications in Ethereum Platforms

Authors: Mauro C. Argañaraz, Mario M. Berón, Maria J. Varanda Pereira, and Pedro Rangel Henriques

Published in: OASIcs, Volume 83, 9th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2020)


Abstract
Ethereum is the principal ecosystem based on blockchain that provides a suitable environment for coding and executing smart contracts, which have been receiving great attention due to the commercial apps and among the scientific community. The process of writing secure and well performing contracts in the Ethereum platform is a major challenge for developers. It consists of the application of non-conventional programming paradigms due to the inherent characteristics of the execution of distributed computing programs. Furthermore, the errors in the deployed contracts could have serious consequences because of the immediate linkage between the contract code and the financial transactions. The direct handling of the assets means that the errors can be more relevant for security and have greater economic consequences than a mistake in the conventional apps. In this paper, we propose a tool for the detection of vulnerabilities in high-level languages based on automatized static analysis.

Cite as

Mauro C. Argañaraz, Mario M. Berón, Maria J. Varanda Pereira, and Pedro Rangel Henriques. Detection of Vulnerabilities in Smart Contracts Specifications in Ethereum Platforms. In 9th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2020). Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 83, pp. 2:1-2:16, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2020)


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@InProceedings{arganaraz_et_al:OASIcs.SLATE.2020.2,
  author =	{Arga\~{n}araz, Mauro C. and Ber\'{o}n, Mario M. and Varanda Pereira, Maria J. and Henriques, Pedro Rangel},
  title =	{{Detection of Vulnerabilities in Smart Contracts Specifications in Ethereum Platforms}},
  booktitle =	{9th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2020)},
  pages =	{2:1--2:16},
  series =	{Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-165-8},
  ISSN =	{2190-6807},
  year =	{2020},
  volume =	{83},
  editor =	{Sim\~{o}es, Alberto and Henriques, Pedro Rangel and Queir\'{o}s, Ricardo},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2020.2},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-130154},
  doi =		{10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2020.2},
  annote =	{Keywords: blockchain, ethereum, smart contract, solidity, static analysis, verification}
}
Document
Development of Q&A Systems Using AcQA

Authors: Renato Preigschadt de Azevedo, Maria João Varanda Pereira, and Pedro Rangel Henriques

Published in: OASIcs, Volume 83, 9th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2020)


Abstract
In order to help the user to search for relevant information, Question and Answering (Q&A) Systems provide the possibility to formulate the question freely in a natural language, retrieving the most appropriate and concise answers. These systems interpret the user question to understand his information needs and return him the more adequate replies in a semantic sense; they do not perform a statistical word search like happens in the existing search engines. There are several approaches to developing and deploying Q&A Systems, making it hard to choose the best way to build the system. To turn easier this process, we are proposing a way to automatically create Q&A Systems (AcQA) based on DSLs, thus allowing the setup and the validation of the Q&A System independent of the implementation techniques. With our proposal (AcQA language), we want the developers to focus on the data and contents, instead of implementation details. We conducted an experiment to assess the feasibility of using AcQA. The study was carried out with people from the computer science field and shows that our language simplifies the development of a Q&A System.

Cite as

Renato Preigschadt de Azevedo, Maria João Varanda Pereira, and Pedro Rangel Henriques. Development of Q&A Systems Using AcQA. In 9th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2020). Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 83, pp. 8:1-8:15, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2020)


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@InProceedings{deazevedo_et_al:OASIcs.SLATE.2020.8,
  author =	{de Azevedo, Renato Preigschadt and Pereira, Maria Jo\~{a}o Varanda and Henriques, Pedro Rangel},
  title =	{{Development of Q\&A Systems Using AcQA}},
  booktitle =	{9th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2020)},
  pages =	{8:1--8:15},
  series =	{Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-165-8},
  ISSN =	{2190-6807},
  year =	{2020},
  volume =	{83},
  editor =	{Sim\~{o}es, Alberto and Henriques, Pedro Rangel and Queir\'{o}s, Ricardo},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2020.8},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-130216},
  doi =		{10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2020.8},
  annote =	{Keywords: Question \& Answering, DSL, Natural Language Processing}
}
Document
EasyCoding - Methodology to Support Programming Learning

Authors: Marcela Viana P. Almeida, Luís M. Alves, Maria João Varanda Pereira, and Glívia Angélica R. Barbosa

Published in: OASIcs, Volume 81, First International Computer Programming Education Conference (ICPEC 2020)


Abstract
Knowing that the programming curricular units in the first year of engineering courses have a high failure rate and, assuming that this failure is due, in large part, to the lack of motivation and the lack of autonomy of the student to program in context outside the classroom, a methodology based on activity guides using attractive web platforms is proposed. The proposed methodology aims to facilitate both the planning of activities by the teachers and the autonomy and motivation by students. In order to receive a first feedback about this work, the methodology is being used by programming professors from Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, but in the near future it will be also evaluated by professors from the Federal Center of Technological Education of Minas Gerais and from the Federal Technological University of Paraná, both from Brazil. Following this work, a system is being developed that allows the automatic construction of guides based on exercises available from the web and systems that facilitate the collection of solutions and analysis of results.

Cite as

Marcela Viana P. Almeida, Luís M. Alves, Maria João Varanda Pereira, and Glívia Angélica R. Barbosa. EasyCoding - Methodology to Support Programming Learning. In First International Computer Programming Education Conference (ICPEC 2020). Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 81, pp. 1:1-1:8, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2020)


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@InProceedings{almeida_et_al:OASIcs.ICPEC.2020.1,
  author =	{Almeida, Marcela Viana P. and Alves, Lu{\'\i}s M. and Pereira, Maria Jo\~{a}o Varanda and Barbosa, Gl{\'\i}via Ang\'{e}lica R.},
  title =	{{EasyCoding - Methodology to Support Programming Learning}},
  booktitle =	{First International Computer Programming Education Conference (ICPEC 2020)},
  pages =	{1:1--1:8},
  series =	{Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-153-5},
  ISSN =	{2190-6807},
  year =	{2020},
  volume =	{81},
  editor =	{Queir\'{o}s, Ricardo and Portela, Filipe and Pinto, M\'{a}rio and Sim\~{o}es, Alberto},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.ICPEC.2020.1},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-122887},
  doi =		{10.4230/OASIcs.ICPEC.2020.1},
  annote =	{Keywords: learning programming, teaching programming, automatic activity guides, programming motivation}
}
Document
Scaling up a Programmers' Profile Tool

Authors: Martinho Aragão, Maria João Varanda Pereira, and Pedro Rangel Henriques

Published in: OASIcs, Volume 74, 8th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2019)


Abstract
The style of programming, the proficiency on the programming language, the conciseness of the solution, the use of comments and so on, allow comparison of programmers through static analysis of their code. The Programmer Profiler Tool, which has been commonly named PP Tool, is an open source profiling tool for Java language where the programmer’s ability can be classified in one out of five possible profiles and the distinction among them falls upon the levels of both skill and readability. Taking a set of correct solutions the comparison between solutions for the same problems is fundamental to evaluate proficiency on the analysed criteria. As such, there was a need to tune the tool in order to handle, simultaneously, with a bigger amount of programs and with a wider scope of solutions. By scaling up PP Tool it will be possible to apply it in a far wider scope of situations as it will be able to cope with programmers from different geographies, with or without formal education, between 1 and 20 years of experience amongst other factors. For that, a set of features were implemented and tested and are described in this paper.

Cite as

Martinho Aragão, Maria João Varanda Pereira, and Pedro Rangel Henriques. Scaling up a Programmers' Profile Tool. In 8th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2019). Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 74, pp. 11:1-11:8, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2019)


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@InProceedings{aragao_et_al:OASIcs.SLATE.2019.11,
  author =	{Arag\~{a}o, Martinho and Pereira, Maria Jo\~{a}o Varanda and Henriques, Pedro Rangel},
  title =	{{Scaling up a Programmers' Profile Tool}},
  booktitle =	{8th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2019)},
  pages =	{11:1--11:8},
  series =	{Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-114-6},
  ISSN =	{2190-6807},
  year =	{2019},
  volume =	{74},
  editor =	{Rodrigues, Ricardo and Janou\v{s}ek, Jan and Ferreira, Lu{\'\i}s and Coheur, Lu{\'\i}sa and Batista, Fernando and Gon\c{c}alo Oliveira, Hugo},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2019.11},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-108781},
  doi =		{10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2019.11},
  annote =	{Keywords: Programmers Profiling, Code Analysis, Programming Skills, Code Readability}
}
Document
Applying Attribute Grammars to Teach Linguistic Rules

Authors: Patrícia Amorim Barros, Maria João Varanda Pereira, and Pedro Rangel Henriques

Published in: OASIcs, Volume 56, 6th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2017)


Abstract
An attribute grammar is a very well known formalism to describe computer languages but it can also be successfully used to describe linguistic phenomena. Since natural languages can also be expressed in grammars it is natural to describe rules using the same formalism. Linguistic teachers of the University Complutense of Madrid started using attribute grammars but they lack a tool that helps them to specify linguistic rules in a friendly and natural way. Therefore we propose a domain specific language (NLSdsl) carefully designed for non-programmers that will be implemented on an AnTLR based system.

Cite as

Patrícia Amorim Barros, Maria João Varanda Pereira, and Pedro Rangel Henriques. Applying Attribute Grammars to Teach Linguistic Rules. In 6th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2017). Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 56, pp. 1:1-1:14, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2017)


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@InProceedings{barros_et_al:OASIcs.SLATE.2017.1,
  author =	{Barros, Patr{\'\i}cia Amorim and Varanda Pereira, Maria Jo\~{a}o and Henriques, Pedro Rangel},
  title =	{{Applying Attribute Grammars to Teach Linguistic Rules}},
  booktitle =	{6th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2017)},
  pages =	{1:1--1:14},
  series =	{Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-056-9},
  ISSN =	{2190-6807},
  year =	{2017},
  volume =	{56},
  editor =	{Queir\'{o}s, Ricardo and Pinto, M\'{a}rio and Sim\~{o}es, Alberto and Leal, Jos\'{e} Paulo and Varanda, Maria Jo\~{a}o},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2017.1},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-79376},
  doi =		{10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2017.1},
  annote =	{Keywords: Attribute Grammars, DSL, Linguistics}
}
Document
Natural Transmission of Information Extraction Results to End-Users - A Proof-of-Concept Using Data-to-Text

Authors: José Casimiro Pereira, António J. S. Teixeira, Mário Rodrigues, Pedro Miguel, and Joaquim Sousa Pinto

Published in: OASIcs, Volume 56, 6th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2017)


Abstract
Information Extraction from natural texts has a great potential in areas such as Tourism and can be of great assistance in transforming customers' comments in valuable information for Tourism operators, governments and customers. After extraction, information needs to be efficiently transmitted to end-users in a natural way. Systems should not, in general, send extracted information directly to end-users, such as hotel managers, as it can be difficult to read. Naturally, humans transmit and encode information using natural languages, such as Portuguese. The problem arising from the need of efficient and natural transmission of the information to end-user is how to encode it. The use of natural language generation (NLG) is a possible solution, for producing sentences, and, with them, texts. In this paper we address this, with a data-to-text system, a derivation of formal NLG systems that use data as input. The proposed system uses an aligned corpus, which was defined, collected and processed, in about approximately 3 weeks of work. To build the language model were used three different in-domain and out-of-domain corpora. The effects of this approach were evaluated, and results are presented. Automatic metrics, BLEU and Meteor, were used to evaluate the different systems, comparing their values with similar systems. Results show that expanding the corpus has a major positive effect in BLEU and Meteor scores and use of additional corpora (in-domain and out-of-domain) in training language model does not result in significantly different performance. The scores obtained, combined with their comparison with other systems performance and informal evaluation by humans of the sentences produced, give additional support for the capabilities of the translation based approach for fast development of data-to-text for new domains.

Cite as

José Casimiro Pereira, António J. S. Teixeira, Mário Rodrigues, Pedro Miguel, and Joaquim Sousa Pinto. Natural Transmission of Information Extraction Results to End-Users - A Proof-of-Concept Using Data-to-Text. In 6th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2017). Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 56, pp. 20:1-20:14, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2017)


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@InProceedings{pereira_et_al:OASIcs.SLATE.2017.20,
  author =	{Pereira, Jos\'{e} Casimiro and Teixeira, Ant\'{o}nio J. S. and Rodrigues, M\'{a}rio and Miguel, Pedro and Pinto, Joaquim Sousa},
  title =	{{Natural Transmission of Information Extraction Results to End-Users - A Proof-of-Concept Using Data-to-Text}},
  booktitle =	{6th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2017)},
  pages =	{20:1--20:14},
  series =	{Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-056-9},
  ISSN =	{2190-6807},
  year =	{2017},
  volume =	{56},
  editor =	{Queir\'{o}s, Ricardo and Pinto, M\'{a}rio and Sim\~{o}es, Alberto and Leal, Jos\'{e} Paulo and Varanda, Maria Jo\~{a}o},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2017.20},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-79530},
  doi =		{10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2017.20},
  annote =	{Keywords: Data-to-Text, Natural Language Generation, Automatic Translation, opinions, Tourism, Portuguese}
}
Document
Profile Detection Through Source Code Static Analysis

Authors: Daniel Ferreira Novais, Maria João Varanda Pereira, and Pedro Rangel Henriques

Published in: OASIcs, Volume 51, 5th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE'16) (2016)


Abstract
The present article reflects the progress of an ongoing master's dissertation on language engineering. The main goal of the work here described, is to infer a programmer's profile through the analysis of his source code. After such analysis the programmer shall be placed on a scale that characterizes him on his language abilities. There are several potential applications for such profiling, namely, the evaluation of a programmer's skills and proficiency on a given language or the continuous evaluation of a student's progress on a programming course. Throughout the course of this project and as a proof of concept, a tool that allows the automatic profiling of a Java programmer is under development. This tool is also introduced in the paper and its preliminary outcomes are discussed.

Cite as

Daniel Ferreira Novais, Maria João Varanda Pereira, and Pedro Rangel Henriques. Profile Detection Through Source Code Static Analysis. In 5th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE'16). Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 51, pp. 9:1-9:13, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2016)


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@InProceedings{ferreiranovais_et_al:OASIcs.SLATE.2016.9,
  author =	{Ferreira Novais, Daniel and Varanda Pereira, Maria Jo\~{a}o and Rangel Henriques, Pedro},
  title =	{{Profile Detection Through Source Code Static Analysis}},
  booktitle =	{5th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE'16)},
  pages =	{9:1--9:13},
  series =	{Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-006-4},
  ISSN =	{2190-6807},
  year =	{2016},
  volume =	{51},
  editor =	{Mernik, Marjan and Leal, Jos\'{e} Paulo and Gon\c{c}alo Oliveira, Hugo},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2016.9},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-60142},
  doi =		{10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2016.9},
  annote =	{Keywords: Static analysis, metrics, programmer profiling}
}
Document
Complete Volume
OASIcs, Volume 38, SLATE'14, Complete Volume

Authors: Maria João Varanda Pereira, José Paulo Leal, and Alberto Simões

Published in: OASIcs, Volume 38, 3rd Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (2014)


Abstract
OASIcs, Volume 38, SLATE'14, Complete Volume

Cite as

3rd Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies. Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 38, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2014)


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@Proceedings{pereira_et_al:OASIcs.SLATE.2014,
  title =	{{OASIcs, Volume 38, SLATE'14, Complete Volume}},
  booktitle =	{3rd Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies},
  series =	{Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-939897-68-2},
  ISSN =	{2190-6807},
  year =	{2014},
  volume =	{38},
  editor =	{Pereira, Maria Jo\~{a}o Varanda and Leal, Jos\'{e} Paulo and Sim\~{o}es, Alberto},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2014},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-45905},
  doi =		{10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2014},
  annote =	{Keywords: Programming Languages, Interoperability, Natural Language Processing}
}
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