2026-08-17T21:01:43Z https://drops.dagstuhl.de/oai

oai:drops-oai.dagstuhl.de:12065 2024-03-12T11:56:53Z ddc:004 open_access

Towards Quantum One-Time Memories from Stateless Hardware Broadbent, Anne Gharibian, Sevag Zhou, Hong-Sheng quantum cryptography one-time memories semi-definite programming A central tenet of theoretical cryptography is the study of the minimal assumptions required to implement a given cryptographic primitive. One such primitive is the one-time memory (OTM), introduced by Goldwasser, Kalai, and Rothblum [CRYPTO 2008], which is a classical functionality modeled after a non-interactive 1-out-of-2 oblivious transfer, and which is complete for one-time classical and quantum programs. It is known that secure OTMs do not exist in the standard model in both the classical and quantum settings. Here, we propose a scheme for using quantum information, together with the assumption of stateless (i.e., reusable) hardware tokens, to build statistically secure OTMs. Via the semidefinite programming-based quantum games framework of Gutoski and Watrous [STOC 2007], we prove security for a malicious receiver, against a linear number of adaptive queries to the token, in the quantum universal composability framework, but leave open the question of security against a polynomial amount of queries. Compared to alternative schemes derived from the literature on quantum money, our scheme is technologically simple since it is of the "prepare-and-measure" type. We also show our scheme is "tight" according to two scenarios. Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik Anne Broadbent and Sevag Gharibian and Hong-Sheng Zhou 2020 Is Part Of LIPIcs, Volume 158, 15th Conference on the Theory of Quantum Computation, Communication and Cryptography (TQC 2020) InProceedings Text doc-type:ResearchArticle publishedVersion application/pdf doi:10.4230/LIPIcs.TQC.2020.6 urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-120654 https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.TQC.2020.6 eng https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode