2026-07-22T13:39:29Z https://drops.dagstuhl.de/oai

oai:drops-oai.dagstuhl.de:20326 2024-07-04T05:16:32Z ddc:004 open_access

The Omnivisor: A real-time static partitioning hypervisor extension for heterogeneous core virtualization over MPSoCs (Artifact) Ottaviano, Daniele Ciraolo, Francesco Mancuso, Renato Cinque, Marcello Mixed-Criticality Embedded Virtualization Real-Time Systems MPSoCs. Following the needs of industrial applications, virtualization has emerged as one of the most effective approaches for the consolidation of mixed-criticality systems while meeting tight constraints in terms of space, weight, power, and cost (SWaP-C). In embedded platforms with homogeneous processors, a wealth of works have proposed designs and techniques to enforce spatio-temporal isolation by leveraging well-understood virtualization support. Unfortunately, achieving the same goal on heterogeneous MultiProcessor Systems-on-Chip (MPSoCs) has been largely overlooked. Modern hypervisors are designed to operate exclusively on main cores, with little or no consideration given to other co-processors within the system, such as small microcontroller-level CPUs or soft-cores deployed on programmable logic (FPGA). Typically, hypervisors consider co-processors as I/O devices allocated to virtual machines that run on primary cores, yielding full control and responsibility over them. Nevertheless, inadequate management of these resources can lead to spatio-temporal isolation issues within the system. In this paper, we propose the Omnivisor model as a paradigm for the holistic management of heterogeneous platforms. The model generalizes the features of real-time static partitioning hypervisors to enable the execution of virtual machines on processors with different Instruction Set Architectures (ISAs) within the same MPSoC. Moreover, the Omnivisor ensures temporal and spatial isolation between virtual machines by integrating and leveraging a variety of hardware and software protection mechanisms. The presented approach not only expands the scope of virtualization in MPSoCs but also enhances the overall system reliability and real-time performance for mixed-criticality applications. A full open-source reference implementation of the Omnivisor based on the Jailhouse hypervisor is provided, targeting ARM real-time processing units and RISC-V soft-cores on FPGA. Experimental results on real hardware show the benefits of the solution, in terms of the seamless launch of virtual machines on different ISAs, and spatial/temporal isolation, enhanced with regulation policies. Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik Daniele Ottaviano and Francesco Ciraolo and Renato Mancuso and Marcello Cinque 2024 Is Part Of DARTS, Volume 10, Issue 1, Special Issue of the 36th Euromicro Conference on Real-Time Systems (ECRTS 2024) Article Text doc-type:ResearchArticle publishedVersion application/pdf doi:10.4230/DARTS.10.1.4 urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-203267 https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/DARTS.10.1.4 eng https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode