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DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.AofA.2018.11
Periodic Pólya Urns and an Application to Young Tableaux

Authors: Cyril Banderier, Philippe Marchal, and Michael Wallner

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 110, 29th International Conference on Probabilistic, Combinatorial and Asymptotic Methods for the Analysis of Algorithms (AofA 2018)

Abstract
Pólya urns are urns where at each unit of time a ball is drawn and is replaced with some other balls according to its colour. We introduce a more general model: The replacement rule depends on the colour of the drawn ball and the value of the time (mod p). We discuss some intriguing properties of the differential operators associated to the generating functions encoding the evolution of these urns. The initial non-linear partial differential equation indeed leads to linear differential equations and we prove that the moment generating functions are D-finite. For a subclass, we exhibit a closed form for the corresponding generating functions (giving the exact state of the urns at time n). When the time goes to infinity, we show that these periodic Pólya urns follow a rich variety of behaviours: their asymptotic fluctuations are described by a family of distributions, the generalized Gamma distributions, which can also be seen as powers of Gamma distributions. En passant, we establish some enumerative links with other combinatorial objects, and we give an application for a new result on the asymptotics of Young tableaux: This approach allows us to prove that the law of the lower right corner in a triangular Young tableau follows asymptotically a product of generalized Gamma distributions.
Cite as

Cyril Banderier, Philippe Marchal, and Michael Wallner. Periodic Pólya Urns and an Application to Young Tableaux. In 29th International Conference on Probabilistic, Combinatorial and Asymptotic Methods for the Analysis of Algorithms (AofA 2018). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 110, pp. 11:1-11:13, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2018)

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@InProceedings{banderier_et_al:LIPIcs.AofA.2018.11,
  author =	{Banderier, Cyril and Marchal, Philippe and Wallner, Michael},
  title =	{{Periodic P\'{o}lya Urns and an Application to Young Tableaux}},
  booktitle =	{29th International Conference on Probabilistic, Combinatorial and Asymptotic Methods for the Analysis of Algorithms (AofA 2018)},
  pages =	{11:1--11:13},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-078-1},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2018},
  volume =	{110},
  editor =	{Fill, James Allen and Ward, Mark Daniel},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.AofA.2018.11},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-89045},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.AofA.2018.11},
  annote =	{Keywords: P\'{o}lya urn, Young tableau, generating functions, analytic combinatorics, pumping moment, D-finite function, hypergeometric function, generalized Gamma distribution, Mittag-Leffler distribution}
}
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