19 Search Results for "Ordyniak, Sebastian"


Document
Treewidth Is NP-Complete on Cubic Graphs

Authors: Hans L. Bodlaender, Édouard Bonnet, Lars Jaffke, Dušan Knop, Paloma T. Lima, Martin Milanič, Sebastian Ordyniak, Sukanya Pandey, and Ondřej Suchý

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 285, 18th International Symposium on Parameterized and Exact Computation (IPEC 2023)


Abstract
In this paper, we show that Treewidth is NP-complete for cubic graphs, thereby improving the result by Bodlaender and Thilikos from 1997 that Treewidth is NP-complete on graphs with maximum degree at most 9. We add a new and simpler proof of the NP-completeness of treewidth, and show that Treewidth remains NP-complete on subcubic induced subgraphs of the infinite 3-dimensional grid.

Cite as

Hans L. Bodlaender, Édouard Bonnet, Lars Jaffke, Dušan Knop, Paloma T. Lima, Martin Milanič, Sebastian Ordyniak, Sukanya Pandey, and Ondřej Suchý. Treewidth Is NP-Complete on Cubic Graphs. In 18th International Symposium on Parameterized and Exact Computation (IPEC 2023). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 285, pp. 7:1-7:13, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2023)


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@InProceedings{bodlaender_et_al:LIPIcs.IPEC.2023.7,
  author =	{Bodlaender, Hans L. and Bonnet, \'{E}douard and Jaffke, Lars and Knop, Du\v{s}an and Lima, Paloma T. and Milani\v{c}, Martin and Ordyniak, Sebastian and Pandey, Sukanya and Such\'{y}, Ond\v{r}ej},
  title =	{{Treewidth Is NP-Complete on Cubic Graphs}},
  booktitle =	{18th International Symposium on Parameterized and Exact Computation (IPEC 2023)},
  pages =	{7:1--7:13},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-305-8},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2023},
  volume =	{285},
  editor =	{Misra, Neeldhara and Wahlstr\"{o}m, Magnus},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.IPEC.2023.7},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-194263},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.IPEC.2023.7},
  annote =	{Keywords: Treewidth, cubic graphs, degree, NP-completeness}
}
Document
Parameterized Complexity Classification for Interval Constraints

Authors: Konrad K. Dabrowski, Peter Jonsson, Sebastian Ordyniak, George Osipov, Marcin Pilipczuk, and Roohani Sharma

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 285, 18th International Symposium on Parameterized and Exact Computation (IPEC 2023)


Abstract
Constraint satisfaction problems form a nicely behaved class of problems that lends itself to complexity classification results. From the point of view of parameterized complexity, a natural task is to classify the parameterized complexity of MinCSP problems parameterized by the number of unsatisfied constraints. In other words, we ask whether we can delete at most k constraints, where k is the parameter, to get a satisfiable instance. In this work, we take a step towards classifying the parameterized complexity for an important infinite-domain CSP: Allen’s interval algebra (IA). This CSP has closed intervals with rational endpoints as domain values and employs a set A of 13 basic comparison relations such as "precedes" or "during" for relating intervals. IA is a highly influential and well-studied formalism within AI and qualitative reasoning that has numerous applications in, for instance, planning, natural language processing and molecular biology. We provide an FPT vs. W[1]-hard dichotomy for MinCSP(Γ) for all Γ ⊆ A. IA is sometimes extended with unions of the relations in A or first-order definable relations over A, but extending our results to these cases would require first solving the parameterized complexity of Directed Symmetric Multicut, which is a notorious open problem. Already in this limited setting, we uncover connections to new variants of graph cut and separation problems. This includes hardness proofs for simultaneous cuts or feedback arc set problems in directed graphs, as well as new tractable cases with algorithms based on the recently introduced flow augmentation technique. Given the intractability of MinCSP(A) in general, we then consider (parameterized) approximation algorithms. We first show that MinCSP(A) cannot be polynomial-time approximated within any constant factor and continue by presenting a factor-2 fpt-approximation algorithm. Once again, this algorithm has its roots in flow augmentation.

Cite as

Konrad K. Dabrowski, Peter Jonsson, Sebastian Ordyniak, George Osipov, Marcin Pilipczuk, and Roohani Sharma. Parameterized Complexity Classification for Interval Constraints. In 18th International Symposium on Parameterized and Exact Computation (IPEC 2023). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 285, pp. 11:1-11:19, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2023)


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@InProceedings{dabrowski_et_al:LIPIcs.IPEC.2023.11,
  author =	{Dabrowski, Konrad K. and Jonsson, Peter and Ordyniak, Sebastian and Osipov, George and Pilipczuk, Marcin and Sharma, Roohani},
  title =	{{Parameterized Complexity Classification for Interval Constraints}},
  booktitle =	{18th International Symposium on Parameterized and Exact Computation (IPEC 2023)},
  pages =	{11:1--11:19},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-305-8},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2023},
  volume =	{285},
  editor =	{Misra, Neeldhara and Wahlstr\"{o}m, Magnus},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.IPEC.2023.11},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-194306},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.IPEC.2023.11},
  annote =	{Keywords: (minimum) constraint satisfaction problem, Allen’s interval algebra, parameterized complexity, cut problems}
}
Document
From Data Completion to Problems on Hypercubes: A Parameterized Analysis of the Independent Set Problem

Authors: Eduard Eiben, Robert Ganian, Iyad Kanj, Sebastian Ordyniak, and Stefan Szeider

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 285, 18th International Symposium on Parameterized and Exact Computation (IPEC 2023)


Abstract
Several works have recently investigated the parameterized complexity of data completion problems, motivated by their applications in machine learning, and clustering in particular. Interestingly, these problems can be equivalently formulated as classical graph problems on induced subgraphs of powers of partially-defined hypercubes. In this paper, we follow up on this recent direction by investigating the Independent Set problem on this graph class, which has been studied in the data science setting under the name Diversity. We obtain a comprehensive picture of the problem’s parameterized complexity and establish its fixed-parameter tractability w.r.t. the solution size plus the power of the hypercube. Given that several such FO-definable problems have been shown to be fixed-parameter tractable on the considered graph class, one may ask whether fixed-parameter tractability could be extended to capture all FO-definable problems. We answer this question in the negative by showing that FO model checking on induced subgraphs of hypercubes is as difficult as FO model checking on general graphs.

Cite as

Eduard Eiben, Robert Ganian, Iyad Kanj, Sebastian Ordyniak, and Stefan Szeider. From Data Completion to Problems on Hypercubes: A Parameterized Analysis of the Independent Set Problem. In 18th International Symposium on Parameterized and Exact Computation (IPEC 2023). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 285, pp. 16:1-16:14, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2023)


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@InProceedings{eiben_et_al:LIPIcs.IPEC.2023.16,
  author =	{Eiben, Eduard and Ganian, Robert and Kanj, Iyad and Ordyniak, Sebastian and Szeider, Stefan},
  title =	{{From Data Completion to Problems on Hypercubes: A Parameterized Analysis of the Independent Set Problem}},
  booktitle =	{18th International Symposium on Parameterized and Exact Computation (IPEC 2023)},
  pages =	{16:1--16:14},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-305-8},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2023},
  volume =	{285},
  editor =	{Misra, Neeldhara and Wahlstr\"{o}m, Magnus},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.IPEC.2023.16},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-194357},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.IPEC.2023.16},
  annote =	{Keywords: Independent Set, Powers of Hypercubes, Diversity, Parameterized Complexity, Incomplete Data}
}
Document
SAT Backdoors: Depth Beats Size

Authors: Jan Dreier, Sebastian Ordyniak, and Stefan Szeider

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 244, 30th Annual European Symposium on Algorithms (ESA 2022)


Abstract
For several decades, much effort has been put into identifying classes of CNF formulas whose satisfiability can be decided in polynomial time. Classic results are the linear-time tractability of Horn formulas (Aspvall, Plass, and Tarjan, 1979) and Krom (i.e., 2CNF) formulas (Dowling and Gallier, 1984). Backdoors, introduced by Williams, Gomes and Selman (2003), gradually extend such a tractable class to all formulas of bounded distance to the class. Backdoor size provides a natural but rather crude distance measure between a formula and a tractable class. Backdoor depth, introduced by Mählmann, Siebertz, and Vigny (2021), is a more refined distance measure, which admits the utilization of different backdoor variables in parallel. Bounded backdoor size implies bounded backdoor depth, but there are formulas of constant backdoor depth and arbitrarily large backdoor size. We propose FPT approximation algorithms to compute backdoor depth into the classes Horn and Krom. This leads to a linear-time algorithm for deciding the satisfiability of formulas of bounded backdoor depth into these classes. We base our FPT approximation algorithm on a sophisticated notion of obstructions, extending Mählmann et al.’s obstruction trees in various ways, including the addition of separator obstructions. We develop the algorithm through a new game-theoretic framework that simplifies the reasoning about backdoors. Finally, we show that bounded backdoor depth captures tractable classes of CNF formulas not captured by any known method.

Cite as

Jan Dreier, Sebastian Ordyniak, and Stefan Szeider. SAT Backdoors: Depth Beats Size. In 30th Annual European Symposium on Algorithms (ESA 2022). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 244, pp. 46:1-46:18, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2022)


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@InProceedings{dreier_et_al:LIPIcs.ESA.2022.46,
  author =	{Dreier, Jan and Ordyniak, Sebastian and Szeider, Stefan},
  title =	{{SAT Backdoors: Depth Beats Size}},
  booktitle =	{30th Annual European Symposium on Algorithms (ESA 2022)},
  pages =	{46:1--46:18},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-247-1},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2022},
  volume =	{244},
  editor =	{Chechik, Shiri and Navarro, Gonzalo and Rotenberg, Eva and Herman, Grzegorz},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ESA.2022.46},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-169840},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.ESA.2022.46},
  annote =	{Keywords: satisfiability, backdoor (depth)}
}
Document
Finding a Cluster in Incomplete Data

Authors: Eduard Eiben, Robert Ganian, Iyad Kanj, Sebastian Ordyniak, and Stefan Szeider

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 244, 30th Annual European Symposium on Algorithms (ESA 2022)


Abstract
We study two variants of the fundamental problem of finding a cluster in incomplete data. In the problems under consideration, we are given a multiset of incomplete d-dimensional vectors over the binary domain and integers k and r, and the goal is to complete the missing vector entries so that the multiset of complete vectors either contains (i) a cluster of k vectors of radius at most r, or (ii) a cluster of k vectors of diameter at most r. We give tight characterizations of the parameterized complexity of the problems under consideration with respect to the parameters k, r, and a third parameter that captures the missing vector entries.

Cite as

Eduard Eiben, Robert Ganian, Iyad Kanj, Sebastian Ordyniak, and Stefan Szeider. Finding a Cluster in Incomplete Data. In 30th Annual European Symposium on Algorithms (ESA 2022). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 244, pp. 47:1-47:14, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2022)


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@InProceedings{eiben_et_al:LIPIcs.ESA.2022.47,
  author =	{Eiben, Eduard and Ganian, Robert and Kanj, Iyad and Ordyniak, Sebastian and Szeider, Stefan},
  title =	{{Finding a Cluster in Incomplete Data}},
  booktitle =	{30th Annual European Symposium on Algorithms (ESA 2022)},
  pages =	{47:1--47:14},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-247-1},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2022},
  volume =	{244},
  editor =	{Chechik, Shiri and Navarro, Gonzalo and Rotenberg, Eva and Herman, Grzegorz},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ESA.2022.47},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-169858},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.ESA.2022.47},
  annote =	{Keywords: Parameterized complexity, incomplete data, clustering}
}
Document
CSP Beyond Tractable Constraint Languages

Authors: Jan Dreier, Sebastian Ordyniak, and Stefan Szeider

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 235, 28th International Conference on Principles and Practice of Constraint Programming (CP 2022)


Abstract
The constraint satisfaction problem (CSP) is among the most studied computational problems. While NP-hard, many tractable subproblems have been identified (Bulatov 2017, Zuk 2017). Backdoors, introduced by Williams, Gomes, and Selman (2003), gradually extend such a tractable class to all CSP instances of bounded distance to the class. Backdoor size provides a natural but rather crude distance measure between a CSP instance and a tractable class. Backdoor depth, introduced by Mählmann, Siebertz, and Vigny (2021) for SAT, is a more refined distance measure, which admits the parallel utilization of different backdoor variables. Bounded backdoor size implies bounded backdoor depth, but there are instances of constant backdoor depth and arbitrarily large backdoor size. Dreier, Ordyniak, and Szeider (2022) provided fixed-parameter algorithms for finding backdoors of small depth into the classes of Horn and Krom formulas. In this paper, we consider backdoor depth for CSP. We consider backdoors w.r.t. tractable subproblems C_Γ of the CSP defined by a constraint language Γ, i.e., where all the constraints use relations from the language Γ. Building upon Dreier et al.’s game-theoretic approach and their notion of separator obstructions, we show that for any finite, tractable, semi-conservative constraint language Γ, the CSP is fixed-parameter tractable parameterized by the backdoor depth into C_Γ plus the domain size. With backdoors of low depth, we reach classes of instances that require backdoors of arbitrary large size. Hence, our results strictly generalize several known results for CSP that are based on backdoor size.

Cite as

Jan Dreier, Sebastian Ordyniak, and Stefan Szeider. CSP Beyond Tractable Constraint Languages. In 28th International Conference on Principles and Practice of Constraint Programming (CP 2022). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 235, pp. 20:1-20:17, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2022)


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@InProceedings{dreier_et_al:LIPIcs.CP.2022.20,
  author =	{Dreier, Jan and Ordyniak, Sebastian and Szeider, Stefan},
  title =	{{CSP Beyond Tractable Constraint Languages}},
  booktitle =	{28th International Conference on Principles and Practice of Constraint Programming (CP 2022)},
  pages =	{20:1--20:17},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-240-2},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2022},
  volume =	{235},
  editor =	{Solnon, Christine},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.CP.2022.20},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-166490},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.CP.2022.20},
  annote =	{Keywords: CSP, backdoor depth, constraint language, tractable class, recursive backdoor}
}
Document
Reasoning Short Cuts in Infinite Domain Constraint Satisfaction: Algorithms and Lower Bounds for Backdoors

Authors: Peter Jonsson, Victor Lagerkvist, and Sebastian Ordyniak

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 210, 27th International Conference on Principles and Practice of Constraint Programming (CP 2021)


Abstract
A backdoor in a finite-domain CSP instance is a set of variables where each possible instantiation moves the instance into a polynomial-time solvable class. Backdoors have found many applications in artificial intelligence and elsewhere, and the algorithmic problem of finding such backdoors has consequently been intensively studied. Sioutis and Janhunen (KI, 2019) have proposed a generalised backdoor concept suitable for infinite-domain CSP instances over binary constraints. We generalise their concept into a large class of CSPs that allow for higher-arity constraints. We show that this kind of infinite-domain backdoors have many of the positive computational properties that finite-domain backdoors have: the associated computational problems are fixed-parameter tractable whenever the underlying constraint language is finite. On the other hand, we show that infinite languages make the problems considerably harder.

Cite as

Peter Jonsson, Victor Lagerkvist, and Sebastian Ordyniak. Reasoning Short Cuts in Infinite Domain Constraint Satisfaction: Algorithms and Lower Bounds for Backdoors. In 27th International Conference on Principles and Practice of Constraint Programming (CP 2021). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 210, pp. 32:1-32:20, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2021)


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@InProceedings{jonsson_et_al:LIPIcs.CP.2021.32,
  author =	{Jonsson, Peter and Lagerkvist, Victor and Ordyniak, Sebastian},
  title =	{{Reasoning Short Cuts in Infinite Domain Constraint Satisfaction: Algorithms and Lower Bounds for Backdoors}},
  booktitle =	{27th International Conference on Principles and Practice of Constraint Programming (CP 2021)},
  pages =	{32:1--32:20},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-211-2},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2021},
  volume =	{210},
  editor =	{Michel, Laurent D.},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.CP.2021.32},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-153238},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.CP.2021.32},
  annote =	{Keywords: Constraint Satisfaction Problems, Parameterised Complexity, Backdoors}
}
Document
Parameterized Pre-Coloring Extension and List Coloring Problems

Authors: Gregory Gutin, Diptapriyo Majumdar, Sebastian Ordyniak, and Magnus Wahlström

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 154, 37th International Symposium on Theoretical Aspects of Computer Science (STACS 2020)


Abstract
Golovach, Paulusma and Song (Inf. Comput. 2014) asked to determine the parameterized complexity of the following problems parameterized by k: (1) Given a graph G, a clique modulator D (a clique modulator is a set of vertices, whose removal results in a clique) of size k for G, and a list L(v) of colors for every v ∈ V(G), decide whether G has a proper list coloring; (2) Given a graph G, a clique modulator D of size k for G, and a pre-coloring λ_P: X → Q for X ⊆ V(G), decide whether λ_P can be extended to a proper coloring of G using only colors from Q. For Problem 1 we design an O*(2^k)-time randomized algorithm and for Problem 2 we obtain a kernel with at most 3k vertices. Banik et al. (IWOCA 2019) proved the following problem is fixed-parameter tractable and asked whether it admits a polynomial kernel: Given a graph G, an integer k, and a list L(v) of exactly n-k colors for every v ∈ V(G), decide whether there is a proper list coloring for G. We obtain a kernel with O(k²) vertices and colors and a compression to a variation of the problem with O(k) vertices and O(k²) colors.

Cite as

Gregory Gutin, Diptapriyo Majumdar, Sebastian Ordyniak, and Magnus Wahlström. Parameterized Pre-Coloring Extension and List Coloring Problems. In 37th International Symposium on Theoretical Aspects of Computer Science (STACS 2020). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 154, pp. 19:1-19:18, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2020)


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@InProceedings{gutin_et_al:LIPIcs.STACS.2020.19,
  author =	{Gutin, Gregory and Majumdar, Diptapriyo and Ordyniak, Sebastian and Wahlstr\"{o}m, Magnus},
  title =	{{Parameterized Pre-Coloring Extension and List Coloring Problems}},
  booktitle =	{37th International Symposium on Theoretical Aspects of Computer Science (STACS 2020)},
  pages =	{19:1--19:18},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-140-5},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2020},
  volume =	{154},
  editor =	{Paul, Christophe and Bl\"{a}ser, Markus},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.STACS.2020.19},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-118801},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.STACS.2020.19},
  annote =	{Keywords: Parameterized Algorithms, W-hardness, Kernelization, Graph Coloring, List Coloring}
}
Document
Group Activity Selection with Few Agent Types

Authors: Robert Ganian, Sebastian Ordyniak, and C. S. Rahul

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 144, 27th Annual European Symposium on Algorithms (ESA 2019)


Abstract
The Group Activity Selection Problem (GASP) models situations where a group of agents needs to be distributed to a set of activities while taking into account preferences of the agents w.r.t. individual activities and activity sizes. The problem, along with its well-known variants sGASP and gGASP, has previously been studied in the parameterized complexity setting with various parameterizations, such as number of agents, number of activities and solution size. However, the complexity of the problem parameterized by the number of types of agents, a natural parameter proposed already in the first paper that introduced GASP, has so far remained unexplored. In this paper we establish the complexity map for GASP, sGASP and gGASP when the number of types of agents is the parameter. Our positive results, consisting of one fixed-parameter algorithm and one XP algorithm, rely on a combination of novel Subset Sum machinery (which may be of general interest) and identifying certain compression steps which allow us to focus on solutions which are "acyclic". These algorithms are complemented by matching lower bounds, which among others close a gap to a recently obtained tractability result of Gupta, Roy, Saurabh and Zehavi (2017). In this direction, the techniques used to establish W[1]-hardness of sGASP are of particular interest: as an intermediate step, we use Sidon sequences to show the W[1]-hardness of a highly restricted variant of multi-dimensional Subset Sum, which may find applications in other settings as well.

Cite as

Robert Ganian, Sebastian Ordyniak, and C. S. Rahul. Group Activity Selection with Few Agent Types. In 27th Annual European Symposium on Algorithms (ESA 2019). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 144, pp. 48:1-48:16, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2019)


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@InProceedings{ganian_et_al:LIPIcs.ESA.2019.48,
  author =	{Ganian, Robert and Ordyniak, Sebastian and Rahul, C. S.},
  title =	{{Group Activity Selection with Few Agent Types}},
  booktitle =	{27th Annual European Symposium on Algorithms (ESA 2019)},
  pages =	{48:1--48:16},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-124-5},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2019},
  volume =	{144},
  editor =	{Bender, Michael A. and Svensson, Ola and Herman, Grzegorz},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ESA.2019.48},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-111693},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.ESA.2019.48},
  annote =	{Keywords: group activity selection problem, parameterized complexity analysis, multi-agent systems}
}
Document
Small Resolution Proofs for QBF using Dependency Treewidth

Authors: Eduard Eiben, Robert Ganian, and Sebastian Ordyniak

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 96, 35th Symposium on Theoretical Aspects of Computer Science (STACS 2018)


Abstract
In spite of the close connection between the evaluation of quantified Boolean formulas (QBF) and propositional satisfiability (SAT), tools and techniques which exploit structural properties of SAT instances are known to fail for QBF. This is especially true for the structural parameter treewidth, which has allowed the design of successful algorithms for SAT but cannot be straightforwardly applied to QBF since it does not take into account the interdependencies between quantified variables. In this work we introduce and develop dependency treewidth, a new structural parameter based on treewidth which allows the efficient solution of QBF instances. Dependency treewidth pushes the frontiers of tractability for QBF by overcoming the limitations of previously introduced variants of treewidth for QBF. We augment our results by developing algorithms for computing the decompositions that are required to use the parameter.

Cite as

Eduard Eiben, Robert Ganian, and Sebastian Ordyniak. Small Resolution Proofs for QBF using Dependency Treewidth. In 35th Symposium on Theoretical Aspects of Computer Science (STACS 2018). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 96, pp. 28:1-28:15, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2018)


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@InProceedings{eiben_et_al:LIPIcs.STACS.2018.28,
  author =	{Eiben, Eduard and Ganian, Robert and Ordyniak, Sebastian},
  title =	{{Small Resolution Proofs for QBF using Dependency Treewidth}},
  booktitle =	{35th Symposium on Theoretical Aspects of Computer Science (STACS 2018)},
  pages =	{28:1--28:15},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-062-0},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2018},
  volume =	{96},
  editor =	{Niedermeier, Rolf and Vall\'{e}e, Brigitte},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.STACS.2018.28},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-85135},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.STACS.2018.28},
  annote =	{Keywords: QBF, treewidth, fixed parameter tractability, dependency schemes}
}
Document
On Structural Parameterizations of the Bounded-Degree Vertex Deletion Problem

Authors: Robert Ganian, Fabian Klute, and Sebastian Ordyniak

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 96, 35th Symposium on Theoretical Aspects of Computer Science (STACS 2018)


Abstract
We study the parameterized complexity of the Bounded-Degree Vertex Deletion problem (BDD), where the aim is to find a maximum induced subgraph whose maximum degree is below a given degree bound. Our focus lies on parameters that measure the structural properties of the input instance. We first show that the problem is W[1]-hard parameterized by a wide range of fairly restrictive structural parameters such as the feedback vertex set number, pathwidth, treedepth, and even the size of a minimum vertex deletion set into graphs of pathwidth and treedepth at most three. We thereby resolve the main open question stated in Betzler, Bredereck, Niedermeier and Uhlmann (2012) concerning the complexity of BDD parameterized by the feedback vertex set number. On the positive side, we obtain fixed-parameter algorithms for the problem with respect to the decompositional parameter treecut width and a novel problem-specific parameter called the core fracture number.

Cite as

Robert Ganian, Fabian Klute, and Sebastian Ordyniak. On Structural Parameterizations of the Bounded-Degree Vertex Deletion Problem. In 35th Symposium on Theoretical Aspects of Computer Science (STACS 2018). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 96, pp. 33:1-33:14, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2018)


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@InProceedings{ganian_et_al:LIPIcs.STACS.2018.33,
  author =	{Ganian, Robert and Klute, Fabian and Ordyniak, Sebastian},
  title =	{{On Structural Parameterizations of the Bounded-Degree Vertex Deletion Problem}},
  booktitle =	{35th Symposium on Theoretical Aspects of Computer Science (STACS 2018)},
  pages =	{33:1--33:14},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-062-0},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2018},
  volume =	{96},
  editor =	{Niedermeier, Rolf and Vall\'{e}e, Brigitte},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.STACS.2018.33},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-85140},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.STACS.2018.33},
  annote =	{Keywords: bounded-degree vertex deletion, feedback vertex set, parameterized algorithms, treecut width}
}
Document
On Structural Parameterizations of the Edge Disjoint Paths Problem

Authors: Robert Ganian, Sebastian Ordyniak, and Ramanujan Sridharan

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 92, 28th International Symposium on Algorithms and Computation (ISAAC 2017)


Abstract
In this paper we revisit the classical Edge Disjoint Paths (EDP) problem, where one is given an undirected graph G and a set of terminal pairs P and asks whether G contains a set of pairwise edge-disjoint paths connecting every terminal pair in P. Our focus lies on structural parameterizations for the problem that allow for efficient (polynomial-time or fpt) algorithms. As our first result, we answer an open question stated in Fleszar, Mnich, and Spoerhase (2016), by showing that the problem can be solved in polynomial time if the input graph has a feedback vertex set of size one. We also show that EDP parameterized by the treewidth and the maximum degree of the input graph is fixed-parameter tractable. Having developed two novel algorithms for EDP using structural restrictions on the input graph, we then turn our attention towards the augmented graph, i.e., the graph obtained from the input graph after adding one edge between every terminal pair. In constrast to the input graph, where EDP is known to remain NP-hard even for treewidth two, a result by Zhou et al. (2000) shows that EDP can be solved in non-uniform polynomial time if the augmented graph has constant treewidth; we note that the possible improvement of this result to an fpt-algorithm has remained open since then. We show that this is highly unlikely by establishing the W[1]-hardness of the problem parameterized by the treewidth (and even feedback vertex set) of the augmented graph. Finally, we develop an fpt-algorithm for EDP by exploiting a novel structural parameter of the augmented graph.

Cite as

Robert Ganian, Sebastian Ordyniak, and Ramanujan Sridharan. On Structural Parameterizations of the Edge Disjoint Paths Problem. In 28th International Symposium on Algorithms and Computation (ISAAC 2017). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 92, pp. 36:1-36:13, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2017)


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@InProceedings{ganian_et_al:LIPIcs.ISAAC.2017.36,
  author =	{Ganian, Robert and Ordyniak, Sebastian and Sridharan, Ramanujan},
  title =	{{On Structural Parameterizations of the Edge Disjoint Paths Problem}},
  booktitle =	{28th International Symposium on Algorithms and Computation (ISAAC 2017)},
  pages =	{36:1--36:13},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-054-5},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2017},
  volume =	{92},
  editor =	{Okamoto, Yoshio and Tokuyama, Takeshi},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ISAAC.2017.36},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-82555},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.ISAAC.2017.36},
  annote =	{Keywords: edge disjoint path problem, feedback vertex set, treewidth, fracture number, parameterized complexity}
}
Document
Towards a Polynomial Kernel for Directed Feedback Vertex Set

Authors: Benjamin Bergougnoux, Eduard Eiben, Robert Ganian, Sebastian Ordyniak, and M. S. Ramanujan

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 83, 42nd International Symposium on Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science (MFCS 2017)


Abstract
In the Directed Feedback Vertex Set (DFVS) problem, the input is a directed graph D and an integer k. The objective is to determine whether there exists a set of at most k vertices intersecting every directed cycle of D. DFVS was shown to be fixed-parameter tractable when parameterized by solution size by Chen, Liu, Lu, O'Sullivan and Razgon [JACM 2008]; since then, the existence of a polynomial kernel for this problem has become one of the largest open problems in the area of parameterized algorithmics. In this paper, we study DFVS parameterized by the feedback vertex set number of the underlying undirected graph. We provide two main contributions: a polynomial kernel for this problem on general instances, and a linear kernel for the case where the input digraph is embeddable on a surface of bounded genus.

Cite as

Benjamin Bergougnoux, Eduard Eiben, Robert Ganian, Sebastian Ordyniak, and M. S. Ramanujan. Towards a Polynomial Kernel for Directed Feedback Vertex Set. In 42nd International Symposium on Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science (MFCS 2017). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 83, pp. 36:1-36:15, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2017)


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@InProceedings{bergougnoux_et_al:LIPIcs.MFCS.2017.36,
  author =	{Bergougnoux, Benjamin and Eiben, Eduard and Ganian, Robert and Ordyniak, Sebastian and Ramanujan, M. S.},
  title =	{{Towards a Polynomial Kernel for Directed Feedback Vertex Set}},
  booktitle =	{42nd International Symposium on Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science (MFCS 2017)},
  pages =	{36:1--36:15},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-046-0},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2017},
  volume =	{83},
  editor =	{Larsen, Kim G. and Bodlaender, Hans L. and Raskin, Jean-Francois},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.MFCS.2017.36},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-81126},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.MFCS.2017.36},
  annote =	{Keywords: parameterized algorithms, kernelization, (directed) feedback vertex set}
}
Document
Backdoor Sets for CSP

Authors: Serge Gaspers, Sebastian Ordyniak, and Stefan Szeider

Published in: Dagstuhl Follow-Ups, Volume 7, The Constraint Satisfaction Problem: Complexity and Approximability (2017)


Abstract
A backdoor set of a CSP instance is a set of variables whose instantiation moves the instance into a fixed class of tractable instances (an island of tractability). An interesting algorithmic task is to find a small backdoor set efficiently: once it is found we can solve the instance by solving a number of tractable instances. Parameterized complexity provides an adequate framework for studying and solving this algorithmic task, where the size of the backdoor set provides a natural parameter. In this survey we present some recent parameterized complexity results on CSP backdoor sets, focusing on backdoor sets into islands of tractability that are defined in terms of constraint languages.

Cite as

Serge Gaspers, Sebastian Ordyniak, and Stefan Szeider. Backdoor Sets for CSP. In The Constraint Satisfaction Problem: Complexity and Approximability. Dagstuhl Follow-Ups, Volume 7, pp. 137-157, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2017)


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@InCollection{gaspers_et_al:DFU.Vol7.15301.137,
  author =	{Gaspers, Serge and Ordyniak, Sebastian and Szeider, Stefan},
  title =	{{Backdoor Sets for CSP}},
  booktitle =	{The Constraint Satisfaction Problem: Complexity and Approximability},
  pages =	{137--157},
  series =	{Dagstuhl Follow-Ups},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-003-3},
  ISSN =	{1868-8977},
  year =	{2017},
  volume =	{7},
  editor =	{Krokhin, Andrei and Zivny, Stanislav},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/DFU.Vol7.15301.137},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-69626},
  doi =		{10.4230/DFU.Vol7.15301.137},
  annote =	{Keywords: Backdoor sets, Constraint satisfaction problems, Parameterized complexity, Polymorphisms}
}
Document
Backdoors for Linear Temporal Logic

Authors: Arne Meier, Sebastian Ordyniak, Ramanujan Sridharan, and Irena Schindler

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 63, 11th International Symposium on Parameterized and Exact Computation (IPEC 2016)


Abstract
In the present paper, we introduce the backdoor set approach into the field of temporal logic for the global fragment of linear temporal logic. We study the parameterized complexity of the satisfiability problem parameterized by the size of the backdoor. We distinguish between backdoor detection and evaluation of backdoors into the fragments of Horn and Krom formulas. Here we classify the operator fragments of globally-operators for past/future/always, and the combination of them. Detection is shown to be fixed-parameter tractable (FPT) whereas the complexity of evaluation behaves differently. We show that for Krom formulas the problem is paraNP-complete. For Horn formulas, the complexity is shown to be either fixed parameter tractable or paraNP-complete depending on the considered operator fragment.

Cite as

Arne Meier, Sebastian Ordyniak, Ramanujan Sridharan, and Irena Schindler. Backdoors for Linear Temporal Logic. In 11th International Symposium on Parameterized and Exact Computation (IPEC 2016). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 63, pp. 23:1-23:17, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2017)


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@InProceedings{meier_et_al:LIPIcs.IPEC.2016.23,
  author =	{Meier, Arne and Ordyniak, Sebastian and Sridharan, Ramanujan and Schindler, Irena},
  title =	{{Backdoors for Linear Temporal Logic}},
  booktitle =	{11th International Symposium on Parameterized and Exact Computation (IPEC 2016)},
  pages =	{23:1--23:17},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-023-1},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2017},
  volume =	{63},
  editor =	{Guo, Jiong and Hermelin, Danny},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.IPEC.2016.23},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-69462},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.IPEC.2016.23},
  annote =	{Keywords: Linear Temporal Logic, Parameterized Complexity, Backdoor Sets}
}
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