DROPS

Document

Foreword

Authors: Alan Burns and Steve Goddard

Published in: LITES, Volume 7, Issue 1 (2021): Special Issue on Embedded System Security. Leibniz Transactions on Embedded Systems, Volume 7, Issue 1

Abstract

Embedded systems are now an integral part of our lives. We have smart phones, smart meters, smart appliances, smart cars, smart grids, and smart houses--most relying on embedded systems with outdated security mechanisms, if they have any at all. A renewed emphasis on embedded systems security research is critical to our economies and our daily lives. This special issue on Embedded System Security attempts to contribute to this work by drawing attention to a number of key topics including Intrusion Detection and Tolerance, Confidence and Threat Modelling, Enhancing Dependability in Embedded Systems, and reducing Vulnerabilities in System Architectures for Embedded Systems. Two papers are included in this initial instalment of the Special Issue. In the first paper ``"Randomization as Mitigation of Directed Timing Inference Based Attacks on Time-Triggered Real-Time Systems with Task Replication" by Kristin Krüger, Nils Vreman, Richard Pates, Martina Maggio, Marcus Völp and Gerhard Fohler, the vulnerabilities of time-triggered systems are investigated. They note that the assumption that faults are independent, which is often made for accidental faults, is not valid for malicious attacks. They go on to introduce two runtime mitigation strategies to withstand directed timing inference. Both involve the introduction of a level of randomization within the usual deterministic behaviour of time-triggered systems. In the second paper ``"We know what you're doing! Application detection using thermal data", Philipp Miedl, Rehan Ahmed and Lothar Thiele consider how sensitive runtime information can be extracted from a system by just using temperature sensor readings from a mobile device. They employ a Convolutional-Neural-Network to identify the sequence of executed applications over time. They test their hypothesis via collected data from two state-of-the-art smartphones and real user usage patterns. The accuracy of their finding demonstrated that this is a clear vulnerability in mobile devices, including the potential to compromise sensitive user data.

Cite as

LITES, Volume 7, Issue 1: Special Issue on Embedded System Security, p. 0:i, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2021)

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@Article{burns_et_al:LITES.7.1.0,
  author =	{Burns, Alan and Goddard, Steve},
  title =	{{Foreword}},
  journal =	{Leibniz Transactions on Embedded Systems},
  pages =	{00:1--00:1},
  ISSN =	{2199-2002},
  year =	{2021},
  volume =	{7},
  number =	{1},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LITES.7.1.0},
  doi =		{10.4230/LITES.7.1.0},
  annote =	{Keywords: Foreword, Embedded System Security}
}

Document

DOI: 10.4230/LITES.7.1.2

We know what you're doing! Application detection using thermal data

Authors: Philipp Miedl, Rehan Ahmed, and Lothar Thiele

Published in: LITES, Volume 7, Issue 1 (2021): Special Issue on Embedded System Security. Leibniz Transactions on Embedded Systems, Volume 7, Issue 1

Abstract

Modern mobile and embedded devices have high computing power which allows them to be used for multiple purposes. Therefore, applications with low security restrictions may execute on the same device as applications handling highly sensitive information. In such a setup, a security risk occurs if it is possible that an application uses system characteristics to gather information about another application on the same device.In this work, we present a method to leak sensitive runtime information by just using temperature sensor readings of a mobile device. We employ a Convolutional-Neural-Network, Long Short-Term Memory units and subsequent label sequence processing to identify the sequence of executed applications over time. To test our hypothesis we collect data from two state-of-the-art smartphones and real user usage patterns. We show an extensive evaluation using laboratory data, where we achieve labelling accuracies up to 90% and negligible timing error. Based on our analysis we state that the thermal information can be used to compromise sensitive user data and increase the vulnerability of mobile devices. A study based on data collected outside of the laboratory opens up various future directions for research.

Cite as

Philipp Miedl, Rehan Ahmed, and Lothar Thiele. We know what you're doing! Application detection using thermal data. In LITES, Volume 7, Issue 1 (2021): Special Issue on Embedded System Security. Leibniz Transactions on Embedded Systems, Volume 7, Issue 1, pp. 02:1-02:28, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2021)

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@Article{miedl_et_al:LITES.7.1.2,
  author =	{Miedl, Philipp and Ahmed, Rehan and Thiele, Lothar},
  title =	{{We know what you're doing! Application detection using thermal data}},
  journal =	{Leibniz Transactions on Embedded Systems},
  pages =	{02:1--02:28},
  ISSN =	{2199-2002},
  year =	{2021},
  volume =	{7},
  number =	{1},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LITES.7.1.2},
  doi =		{10.4230/LITES.7.1.2},
  annote =	{Keywords: Thermal Monitoring, Side Channel, Data Leak, Sequence Labelling}
}

Document

Artifact

DOI: 10.4230/DARTS.6.1.5

The Time-Triggered Wireless Architecture (Artifact)

Authors: Romain Jacob, Licong Zhang, Marco Zimmerling, Jan Beutel, Samarjit Chakraborty, and Lothar Thiele

Published in: DARTS, Volume 6, Issue 1, Special Issue of the 32nd Euromicro Conference on Real-Time Systems (ECRTS 2020)

Abstract

This artifact contains a stable version of all the data and source code required to reproduce or replicate the results presented in The Time-Triggered Wireless Architecture. One GitHub repository serves as main hub for all information related to the artifact. The README file contains detailed instructions for - Running the TTnet model - Compiling and running TTnet - Running the TTW scheduler - Reproducing the data processing - Reproducing the plots

Cite as

Romain Jacob, Licong Zhang, Marco Zimmerling, Jan Beutel, Samarjit Chakraborty, and Lothar Thiele. The Time-Triggered Wireless Architecture (Artifact). In Special Issue of the 32nd Euromicro Conference on Real-Time Systems (ECRTS 2020). Dagstuhl Artifacts Series (DARTS), Volume 6, Issue 1, pp. 5:1-5:3, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2020)

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@Article{jacob_et_al:DARTS.6.1.5,
  author =	{Jacob, Romain and Zhang, Licong and Zimmerling, Marco and Beutel, Jan and Chakraborty, Samarjit and Thiele, Lothar},
  title =	{{The Time-Triggered Wireless Architecture (Artifact)}},
  pages =	{5:1--5:3},
  journal =	{Dagstuhl Artifacts Series},
  ISSN =	{2509-8195},
  year =	{2020},
  volume =	{6},
  number =	{1},
  editor =	{Jacob, Romain and Zhang, Licong and Zimmerling, Marco and Beutel, Jan and Chakraborty, Samarjit and Thiele, Lothar},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/DARTS.6.1.5},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-123952},
  doi =		{10.4230/DARTS.6.1.5},
  annote =	{Keywords: Time-triggered architecture, wireless bus, synchronous transmissions}
}

Document

DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.ECRTS.2020.19

The Time-Triggered Wireless Architecture

Authors: Romain Jacob, Licong Zhang, Marco Zimmerling, Jan Beutel, Samarjit Chakraborty, and Lothar Thiele

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 165, 32nd Euromicro Conference on Real-Time Systems (ECRTS 2020)

Abstract

Wirelessly interconnected sensors, actuators, and controllers promise greater flexibility, lower installation and maintenance costs, and higher robustness in harsh conditions than wired solutions. However, to facilitate the adoption of wireless communication in cyber-physical systems (CPS), the functional and non-functional properties must be similar to those known from wired architectures. We thus present Time-Triggered Wireless (TTW), a wireless architecture for multi-mode CPS that offers reliable communication with guarantees on end-to-end delays among distributed applications executing on low-cost, low-power embedded devices. We achieve this by exploiting the high reliability and deterministic behavior of a synchronous transmission based communication stack we design, and by coupling the timings of distributed task executions and message exchanges across the wireless network by solving a novel co-scheduling problem. While some of the concepts in TTW have existed for some time and TTW has already been successfully applied for feedback control and coordination of multiple mechanical systems with closed-loop stability guarantees, this paper presents the key algorithmic, scheduling, and networking mechanisms behind TTW, along with their experimental evaluation, which have not been known so far. TTW is open source and ready to use: https://ttw.ethz.ch.

Cite as

Romain Jacob, Licong Zhang, Marco Zimmerling, Jan Beutel, Samarjit Chakraborty, and Lothar Thiele. The Time-Triggered Wireless Architecture. In 32nd Euromicro Conference on Real-Time Systems (ECRTS 2020). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 165, pp. 19:1-19:25, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2020)

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@InProceedings{jacob_et_al:LIPIcs.ECRTS.2020.19,
  author =	{Jacob, Romain and Zhang, Licong and Zimmerling, Marco and Beutel, Jan and Chakraborty, Samarjit and Thiele, Lothar},
  title =	{{The Time-Triggered Wireless Architecture}},
  booktitle =	{32nd Euromicro Conference on Real-Time Systems (ECRTS 2020)},
  pages =	{19:1--19:25},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-152-8},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2020},
  volume =	{165},
  editor =	{V\"{o}lp, Marcus},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ECRTS.2020.19},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-123826},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.ECRTS.2020.19},
  annote =	{Keywords: Time-triggered architecture, wireless bus, synchronous transmissions}
}

Document

DOI: 10.4230/DagRep.7.5.22

Theory of Randomized Optimization Heuristics (Dagstuhl Seminar 17191)

Authors: Carola Doerr, Christian Igel, Lothar Thiele, and Xin Yao

Published in: Dagstuhl Reports, Volume 7, Issue 5 (2018)

Abstract

This report summarizes the talks, breakout sessions, and discussions at the Dagstuhl Seminar 17191 on "Theory of Randomized Optimization Heuristics", held during the week from May 08 until May 12, 2017, in Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz Center for Informatics. The meeting is the successor of the "Theory of Evolutionary Algorithm" seminar series, where the change in the title reflects the development of the research field toward a broader range of heuristics. The seminar has hosted 40 researchers from 15 countries. Topics that have been intensively discussed at the seminar include population-based heuristics, constrained optimization, non-static parameter choices as well as connections to research in machine learning.

Cite as

Carola Doerr, Christian Igel, Lothar Thiele, and Xin Yao. Theory of Randomized Optimization Heuristics (Dagstuhl Seminar 17191). In Dagstuhl Reports, Volume 7, Issue 5, pp. 22-55, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2017)

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@Article{doerr_et_al:DagRep.7.5.22,
  author =	{Doerr, Carola and Igel, Christian and Thiele, Lothar and Yao, Xin},
  title =	{{Theory of Randomized Optimization Heuristics (Dagstuhl Seminar 17191)}},
  pages =	{22--55},
  journal =	{Dagstuhl Reports},
  ISSN =	{2192-5283},
  year =	{2017},
  volume =	{7},
  number =	{5},
  editor =	{Doerr, Carola and Igel, Christian and Thiele, Lothar and Yao, Xin},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/DagRep.7.5.22},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-82797},
  doi =		{10.4230/DagRep.7.5.22},
  annote =	{Keywords: algorithms and complexity, evolutionary algorithms, machine learning, optimization, soft computing}
}

Document

DOI: 10.4230/DagRep.6.10.120

Adaptive Isolation for Predictability and Security (Dagstuhl Seminar 16441)

Authors: Tulika Mitra, Jürgen Teich, and Lothar Thiele

Published in: Dagstuhl Reports, Volume 6, Issue 10 (2017)

Abstract

This report documents the program and the outcomes of Dagstuhl Seminar 16441 "Adaptive Isolation for Predictability and Security". Semiconductor technology is at the verge of integrating hundreds of processor cores on a single device. Indeed, affordable multi-processor system-on-a-chip (MPSoC) technology is becoming available. It is already heavily used for acceleration of applications from domains of graphics, gaming (e.g., GPUs) and high performance computing (e.g., Xeon Phi). The potential of MPSoCs is yet to explode for novel application areas of embedded and cyber-physical systems such as the domains of automotive (e.g., driver assistance systems), industrial automation and avionics where non-functional aspects of program execution must be enforceable. Instead of best-effort and average performance, these real-time applications demand timing predictability and/or security levels specifiable on a per-application basis. Therefore the cross-cutting topics of the seminar were methods for temporal and spatial isolation. These methods were discussed for their capabilities to enforce the above non-functional properties without sacrificing any efficiency or resource utilization. To be able to provide isolation instantaneously, e.g., even for just segments of a program under execution, adaptivity is essential at all hardware- and software layers. Support for adaptivity was the second focal aspect of the seminar. Here, virtualization and new adaptive resource reservation protocols were discussed and analyzed for their capabilities to provide application/job-wise predictable program execution qualities on demand at some costs and overheads. If the overhead can be kept low, there is a chance that adaptive isolation, the title of the seminar, may enable the adoption of MPSoC technology for many new application areas of embedded systems.

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Tulika Mitra, Jürgen Teich, and Lothar Thiele. Adaptive Isolation for Predictability and Security (Dagstuhl Seminar 16441). In Dagstuhl Reports, Volume 6, Issue 10, pp. 120-153, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2017)

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@Article{mitra_et_al:DagRep.6.10.120,
  author =	{Mitra, Tulika and Teich, J\"{u}rgen and Thiele, Lothar},
  title =	{{Adaptive Isolation for Predictability and Security (Dagstuhl Seminar 16441)}},
  pages =	{120--153},
  journal =	{Dagstuhl Reports},
  ISSN =	{2192-5283},
  year =	{2017},
  volume =	{6},
  number =	{10},
  editor =	{Mitra, Tulika and Teich, J\"{u}rgen and Thiele, Lothar},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/DagRep.6.10.120},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-69539},
  doi =		{10.4230/DagRep.6.10.120},
  annote =	{Keywords: Adaptive isolation, Embedded systems, Real-Time systems, Predictability, Security, MPSoC, Parallel computing, Programming models, Timing analysis, Virtualization}
}

Document

DOI: 10.4230/DagRep.5.5.57

Theory of Evolutionary Algorithms (Dagstuhl Seminar 15211)

Authors: Benajmin Doerr, Nikolaus Hansen, Christian Igel, and Lothar Thiele

Published in: Dagstuhl Reports, Volume 5, Issue 5 (2016)

Abstract

This report documents the talks and discussions at the Dagstuhl Seminar 15211 "Theory of Evolutionary Algorithms". This seminar, now in its 8th edition, is the main meeting point of the highly active theory of randomized search heuristics subcommunities in Australia, Asia, North America, and Europe. Topics intensively discussed include rigorous runtime analysis and computational complexity theory for randomised search heuristics, information geometry of randomised search, and synergies between the theory of evolutionary algorithms and theories of natural evolution.

Cite as

Benajmin Doerr, Nikolaus Hansen, Christian Igel, and Lothar Thiele. Theory of Evolutionary Algorithms (Dagstuhl Seminar 15211). In Dagstuhl Reports, Volume 5, Issue 5, pp. 57-91, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2016)

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@Article{doerr_et_al:DagRep.5.5.57,
  author =	{Doerr, Benajmin and Hansen, Nikolaus and Igel, Christian and Thiele, Lothar},
  title =	{{Theory of Evolutionary Algorithms (Dagstuhl Seminar 15211)}},
  pages =	{57--91},
  journal =	{Dagstuhl Reports},
  ISSN =	{2192-5283},
  year =	{2016},
  volume =	{5},
  number =	{5},
  editor =	{Doerr, Benajmin and Hansen, Nikolaus and Igel, Christian and Thiele, Lothar},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/DagRep.5.5.57},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-54022},
  doi =		{10.4230/DagRep.5.5.57},
  annote =	{Keywords: evolutionary algorithms, black-box optimization, randomized search heuristics, algorithms, artificial intelligence}
}

Document

Complete Volume

DOI: 10.4230/OASIcs.PPES.2011

OASIcs, Volume 18, PPES'11, Complete Volume

Authors: Philipp Lucas, Lothar Thiele, Benoit Triquet, Theo Ungerer, and Reinhard Wilhelm

Published in: OASIcs, Volume 18, Bringing Theory to Practice: Predictability and Performance in Embedded Systems (2011)

Abstract

OASIcs, Volume 18, PPES'11, Complete Volume

Cite as

Bringing Theory to Practice: Predictability and Performance in Embedded Systems. Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 18, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2012)

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@Proceedings{lucas_et_al:OASIcs.PPES.2011,
  title =	{{OASIcs, Volume 18, PPES'11, Complete Volume}},
  booktitle =	{Bringing Theory to Practice: Predictability and Performance in Embedded Systems},
  series =	{Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-939897-28-6},
  ISSN =	{2190-6807},
  year =	{2012},
  volume =	{18},
  editor =	{Lucas, Philipp and Wilhelm, Reinhard},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.PPES.2011},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-35804},
  doi =		{10.4230/OASIcs.PPES.2011},
  annote =	{Keywords: Special-purpose and application-based systems\rbrack: Real-time and embedded systems}
}

Document

DOI: 10.4230/DagSemProc.09041.4

09041 Working Group on EMO for Interactive Multiobjective Optimization (1st Round)

Authors: Fonseca Carlos, Xavier Gandibleux, Pekka Korhonen, Luis Marti, Boris Naujoks, Lothar Thiele, Wallenius Jyrki, and Eckart Zitzler

Published in: Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings, Volume 9041, Hybrid and Robust Approaches to Multiobjective Optimization (2009)

Abstract

This group explored the use of EMO in an interactive manner to solve multiobjective optimization problems.

Cite as

Fonseca Carlos, Xavier Gandibleux, Pekka Korhonen, Luis Marti, Boris Naujoks, Lothar Thiele, Wallenius Jyrki, and Eckart Zitzler. 09041 Working Group on EMO for Interactive Multiobjective Optimization (1st Round). In Hybrid and Robust Approaches to Multiobjective Optimization. Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings, Volume 9041, pp. 1-11, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2009)

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@InProceedings{fonsecacarlos_et_al:DagSemProc.09041.4,
  author =	{Fonseca Carlos and Gandibleux, Xavier and Korhonen, Pekka and Marti, Luis and Naujoks, Boris and Thiele, Lothar and Wallenius Jyrki and Zitzler, Eckart},
  title =	{{09041 Working Group on EMO for Interactive Multiobjective Optimization (1st Round)}},
  booktitle =	{Hybrid and Robust Approaches to Multiobjective Optimization},
  pages =	{1--11},
  series =	{Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings (DagSemProc)},
  ISSN =	{1862-4405},
  year =	{2009},
  volume =	{9041},
  editor =	{Kalyanmoy Deb and Salvatore Greco and Kaisa Miettinen and Eckart Zitzler},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/DagSemProc.09041.4},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-20041},
  doi =		{10.4230/DagSemProc.09041.4},
  annote =	{Keywords: Interactive multiobjective optimization}
}

Document

DOI: 10.4230/DagSemProc.07101.1

07101 Abstracts Collection – Quantitative Aspects of Embedded Systems

Authors: Boudewijn Haverkort, Joost-Pieter Katoen, and Lothar Thiele

Published in: Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings, Volume 7101, Quantitative Aspects of Embedded Systems (2007)

Abstract

From March 5 to March 9, 2007, the Dagstuhl Seminar 07101 ``Quantitative Aspects of Embedded Systems'' was held in the International Conference and Research Center (IBFI), Schloss Dagstuhl. During the seminar, several participants presented their current research, and ongoing work and open problems were discussed. Abstracts of the presentations given during the seminar as well as abstracts of seminar results and ideas are put together in this paper. The first section describes the seminar topics and goals in general. Links to extended abstracts or full papers are provided, if available.

Cite as

Boudewijn Haverkort, Joost-Pieter Katoen, and Lothar Thiele. 07101 Abstracts Collection – Quantitative Aspects of Embedded Systems. In Quantitative Aspects of Embedded Systems. Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings, Volume 7101, pp. 1-16, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2007)

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@InProceedings{haverkort_et_al:DagSemProc.07101.1,
  author =	{Haverkort, Boudewijn and Katoen, Joost-Pieter and Thiele, Lothar},
  title =	{{07101 Abstracts Collection – Quantitative Aspects of Embedded Systems}},
  booktitle =	{Quantitative Aspects of Embedded Systems},
  pages =	{1--16},
  series =	{Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings (DagSemProc)},
  ISSN =	{1862-4405},
  year =	{2007},
  volume =	{7101},
  editor =	{Boudewijn Haverkort and Joost-Pieter Katoen and Lothar Thiele},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/DagSemProc.07101.1},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-11402},
  doi =		{10.4230/DagSemProc.07101.1},
  annote =	{Keywords: Embedded systems, quantitative analysis, model checking, real-time calculus, validation, verification, model-based and model-driven design}
}

Document

DOI: 10.4230/DagSemProc.07101.2

07101 Executive Summary – Quantitative Aspects of Embedded Systems

Authors: Boudewijn Haverkort, Joost-Pieter Katoen, and Lothar Thiele

Published in: Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings, Volume 7101, Quantitative Aspects of Embedded Systems (2007)

Abstract

This is an executive summary of Dagstuhl seminar 07101, March 5--9, 2007.

Cite as

Boudewijn Haverkort, Joost-Pieter Katoen, and Lothar Thiele. 07101 Executive Summary – Quantitative Aspects of Embedded Systems. In Quantitative Aspects of Embedded Systems. Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings, Volume 7101, pp. 1-4, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2007)

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@InProceedings{haverkort_et_al:DagSemProc.07101.2,
  author =	{Haverkort, Boudewijn and Katoen, Joost-Pieter and Thiele, Lothar},
  title =	{{07101 Executive Summary – Quantitative Aspects of Embedded Systems}},
  booktitle =	{Quantitative Aspects of Embedded Systems},
  pages =	{1--4},
  series =	{Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings (DagSemProc)},
  ISSN =	{1862-4405},
  year =	{2007},
  volume =	{7101},
  editor =	{Boudewijn Haverkort and Joost-Pieter Katoen and Lothar Thiele},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/DagSemProc.07101.2},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-11378},
  doi =		{10.4230/DagSemProc.07101.2},
  annote =	{Keywords: Embedded systems, quantitative analysis, model checking, real-time calculus, validation, verification, model-based and model-driven design. Embedded s}
}

Document

DOI: 10.4230/DagSemProc.07101.3

07101 Working Group Report – Performance Measures Other Than Time

Authors: Lucia Cloth, Pepijn Crouzen, Matthias Fruth, Tingting Han, David N. Jansen, Mark Kattenbelt, Gerard J. M. Smit, and Lijun Zhang

Published in: Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings, Volume 7101, Quantitative Aspects of Embedded Systems (2007)

Abstract

This presentation shows a few possible performance measures that might be interesting and possible evaluation methods.

Cite as

Lucia Cloth, Pepijn Crouzen, Matthias Fruth, Tingting Han, David N. Jansen, Mark Kattenbelt, Gerard J. M. Smit, and Lijun Zhang. 07101 Working Group Report – Performance Measures Other Than Time. In Quantitative Aspects of Embedded Systems. Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings, Volume 7101, pp. 1-2, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2007)

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@InProceedings{cloth_et_al:DagSemProc.07101.3,
  author =	{Cloth, Lucia and Crouzen, Pepijn and Fruth, Matthias and Han, Tingting and Jansen, David N. and Kattenbelt, Mark and Smit, Gerard J. M. and Zhang, Lijun},
  title =	{{07101 Working Group Report – Performance Measures Other Than Time}},
  booktitle =	{Quantitative Aspects of Embedded Systems},
  pages =	{1--2},
  series =	{Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings (DagSemProc)},
  ISSN =	{1862-4405},
  year =	{2007},
  volume =	{7101},
  editor =	{Boudewijn Haverkort and Joost-Pieter Katoen and Lothar Thiele},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/DagSemProc.07101.3},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-11396},
  doi =		{10.4230/DagSemProc.07101.3},
  annote =	{Keywords: }
}

Document

DOI: 10.4230/DagSemProc.07101.4

Demonstration of Run-time Spatial Mapping of Streaming Applications to a Heterogeneous Multi-Processor System-on-Chip (MPSOC)

Authors: Philip K. F. Hölzenspies, Jan Kuper, Gerard J. M. Smit, and Johann Hurink

Published in: Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings, Volume 7101, Quantitative Aspects of Embedded Systems (2007)

Abstract

In this paper, the problem of spatial mapping is defined. Reasons are presented to show why performing spatial mappings at run-time is both necessary and desirable and criteria for the qualitative comparison of spatial mappings are introduced. An algorithm is described that implements a preliminary spatial mapper. The methods used in the algorithm are demonstrated with an illustrative example.

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Philip K. F. Hölzenspies, Jan Kuper, Gerard J. M. Smit, and Johann Hurink. Demonstration of Run-time Spatial Mapping of Streaming Applications to a Heterogeneous Multi-Processor System-on-Chip (MPSOC). In Quantitative Aspects of Embedded Systems. Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings, Volume 7101, pp. 1-13, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2007)

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@InProceedings{holzenspies_et_al:DagSemProc.07101.4,
  author =	{H\"{o}lzenspies, Philip K. F. and Kuper, Jan and Smit, Gerard J. M. and Hurink, Johann},
  title =	{{Demonstration of Run-time Spatial Mapping of Streaming Applications to a Heterogeneous Multi-Processor System-on-Chip (MPSOC)}},
  booktitle =	{Quantitative Aspects of Embedded Systems},
  pages =	{1--13},
  series =	{Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings (DagSemProc)},
  ISSN =	{1862-4405},
  year =	{2007},
  volume =	{7101},
  editor =	{Boudewijn Haverkort and Joost-Pieter Katoen and Lothar Thiele},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/DagSemProc.07101.4},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-11382},
  doi =		{10.4230/DagSemProc.07101.4},
  annote =	{Keywords: Run-time spatial mapping, streaming applications, MPSoC}
}

Document

Front Matter

DOI: 10.4230/OASIcs.WCET.2005.817

2005 WCET Preface -- Message from the Workshop Chair

Authors: Reinhard Wilhelm

Published in: OASIcs, Volume 1, 5th International Workshop on Worst-Case Execution Time Analysis (WCET'05) (2007)

Abstract

You have in front of you the proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on Worst-Case Execution Time (WCET) Analysis. The workshop was held on the 5th of July 2005 as a satellite event to the 17th Euromicro Conference on Real-Time Systems (ECRTS 2005) in Palma de Mallorca, Spain. It was the fifth event in the series after the successful meetings in Delft (Holland) in 2001, Vienna (Austria) in 2002, Porto (Portugal) in 2003 and Catania (Italy) in 2004. The goal of these workshops is to bring together people from academia, tool vendors and users in industry that are interested in all aspects of timing analysis for real-time systems. The workshops provide a relaxed forum to present and discuss new ideas, new research directions, and to review current trends in this area. It consisted of short presentations that should encourage discussion by the attendees. The topics of the 2005 workshop included paper on the following topics: - Measurement-based timing-analysis methods, - Experience from industrial case studies, - Architectural issues, and - Timing analysis in real-time education. In addition, there was an invited talk by Lothar Thiele, ETH Zuerich, on Composable Real-Time Analysis. There is no paper about this talk contained in the proceedings. The industrial case studies showed that the techniques have matured to industrial applicability. Better results are achieved if the methods and tools are integrated into the development process. Measurement-based methods were controversially discussed. Further talks showed that much support is needed to deal with architectural features that endanger timing predictability.

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5th International Workshop on Worst-Case Execution Time Analysis (WCET'05). Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 1, pp. i-vi, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2007)

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@InProceedings{wilhelm:OASIcs.WCET.2005.817,
  author =	{Wilhelm, Reinhard},
  title =	{{2005 WCET Preface -- Message from the Workshop Chair}},
  booktitle =	{5th International Workshop on Worst-Case Execution Time Analysis (WCET'05)},
  pages =	{i--vi},
  series =	{Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-939897-24-8},
  ISSN =	{2190-6807},
  year =	{2007},
  volume =	{1},
  editor =	{Wilhelm, Reinhard},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.WCET.2005.817},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-8171},
  doi =		{10.4230/OASIcs.WCET.2005.817},
  annote =	{Keywords: Real time systems, timing analysis, embedded systems}
}

Document

DOI: 10.4230/DagSemProc.04461.6

An Adaptive Scheme to Generate the Pareto Front Based on the Epsilon-Constraint Method

Authors: Marco Laumanns, Lothar Thiele, and Eckart Zitzler

Published in: Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings, Volume 4461, Practical Approaches to Multi-Objective Optimization (2005)

Abstract

We discuss methods for generating or approximating the Pareto set of multiobjective optimization problems by solving a sequence of constrained single-objective problems. The necessity of determining the constraint value a priori is shown to be a serious drawback of the original epsilon-constraint method. We therefore propose a new, adaptive scheme to generate appropriate constraint values during the run. A simple example problem is presented, where the running time (measured by the number of constrained single-objective sub-problems to be solved) of the original epsilon-constraint method is exponential in the problem size (number of decision variables), although the size of the Pareto set grows only linearly. We prove that --- independent of the problem or the problem size --- the time complexity of the new scheme is O(k^{m-1}), where k is the number of Pareto-optimal solutions to be found and m the number of objectives. Simulation results for the example problem as well as for different instances of the multiobjective knapsack problem demonstrate the behavior of the method, and links to reference implementations are provided.

Cite as

Marco Laumanns, Lothar Thiele, and Eckart Zitzler. An Adaptive Scheme to Generate the Pareto Front Based on the Epsilon-Constraint Method. In Practical Approaches to Multi-Objective Optimization. Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings, Volume 4461, pp. 1-11, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2005)

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@InProceedings{laumanns_et_al:DagSemProc.04461.6,
  author =	{Laumanns, Marco and Thiele, Lothar and Zitzler, Eckart},
  title =	{{An Adaptive Scheme to Generate the Pareto Front Based on the Epsilon-Constraint Method}},
  booktitle =	{Practical Approaches to Multi-Objective Optimization},
  pages =	{1--11},
  series =	{Dagstuhl Seminar Proceedings (DagSemProc)},
  ISSN =	{1862-4405},
  year =	{2005},
  volume =	{4461},
  editor =	{J\"{u}rgen Branke and Kalyanmoy Deb and Kaisa Miettinen and Ralph E. Steuer},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/DagSemProc.04461.6},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-2465},
  doi =		{10.4230/DagSemProc.04461.6},
  annote =	{Keywords: Multiple objective optimization, non-dominated set, Pareto set, epsilon-constraint method, generating methods}
}

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