6 Search Results for "van Apeldoorn, Joran"

Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.STACS.2022.35
Improved Quantum Lower and Upper Bounds for Matrix Scaling

Authors: Sander Gribling and Harold Nieuwboer

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 219, 39th International Symposium on Theoretical Aspects of Computer Science (STACS 2022)

Abstract
Matrix scaling is a simple to state, yet widely applicable linear-algebraic problem: the goal is to scale the rows and columns of a given non-negative matrix such that the rescaled matrix has prescribed row and column sums. Motivated by recent results on first-order quantum algorithms for matrix scaling, we investigate the possibilities for quantum speedups for classical second-order algorithms, which comprise the state-of-the-art in the classical setting. We first show that there can be essentially no quantum speedup in terms of the input size in the high-precision regime: any quantum algorithm that solves the matrix scaling problem for n × n matrices with at most m non-zero entries and with 𝓁₂-error ε = Θ~(1/m) must make Ω(m) queries to the matrix, even when the success probability is exponentially small in n. Additionally, we show that for ε ∈ [1/n,1/2], any quantum algorithm capable of producing ε/100-𝓁₁-approximations of the row-sum vector of a (dense) normalized matrix uses Ω(n/ε) queries, and that there exists a constant ε₀ > 0 for which this problem takes Ω(n^{1.5}) queries. To complement these results we give improved quantum algorithms in the low-precision regime: with quantum graph sparsification and amplitude estimation, a box-constrained Newton method can be sped up in the large-ε regime, and outperforms previous quantum algorithms. For entrywise-positive matrices, we find an ε-𝓁₁-scaling in time O~(n^{1.5}/ε²), whereas the best previously known bounds were O~(n²polylog(1/ε)) (classical) and O~(n^{1.5}/ε³) (quantum).
Cite as

Sander Gribling and Harold Nieuwboer. Improved Quantum Lower and Upper Bounds for Matrix Scaling. In 39th International Symposium on Theoretical Aspects of Computer Science (STACS 2022). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 219, pp. 35:1-35:23, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2022)

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@InProceedings{gribling_et_al:LIPIcs.STACS.2022.35,
  author =	{Gribling, Sander and Nieuwboer, Harold},
  title =	{{Improved Quantum Lower and Upper Bounds for Matrix Scaling}},
  booktitle =	{39th International Symposium on Theoretical Aspects of Computer Science (STACS 2022)},
  pages =	{35:1--35:23},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-222-8},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2022},
  volume =	{219},
  editor =	{Berenbrink, Petra and Monmege, Benjamin},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.STACS.2022.35},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-158458},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.STACS.2022.35},
  annote =	{Keywords: Matrix scaling, quantum algorithms, lower bounds}
}
Document
Track A: Algorithms, Complexity and Games
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.ICALP.2021.55
Quantum Query Complexity with Matrix-Vector Products

Authors: Andrew M. Childs, Shih-Han Hung, and Tongyang Li

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 198, 48th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming (ICALP 2021)

Abstract
We study quantum algorithms that learn properties of a matrix using queries that return its action on an input vector. We show that for various problems, including computing the trace, determinant, or rank of a matrix or solving a linear system that it specifies, quantum computers do not provide an asymptotic speedup over classical computation. On the other hand, we show that for some problems, such as computing the parities of rows or columns or deciding if there are two identical rows or columns, quantum computers provide exponential speedup. We demonstrate this by showing equivalence between models that provide matrix-vector products, vector-matrix products, and vector-matrix-vector products, whereas the power of these models can vary significantly for classical computation.
Cite as

Andrew M. Childs, Shih-Han Hung, and Tongyang Li. Quantum Query Complexity with Matrix-Vector Products. In 48th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming (ICALP 2021). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 198, pp. 55:1-55:19, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2021)

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@InProceedings{childs_et_al:LIPIcs.ICALP.2021.55,
  author =	{Childs, Andrew M. and Hung, Shih-Han and Li, Tongyang},
  title =	{{Quantum Query Complexity with Matrix-Vector Products}},
  booktitle =	{48th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming (ICALP 2021)},
  pages =	{55:1--55:19},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-195-5},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2021},
  volume =	{198},
  editor =	{Bansal, Nikhil and Merelli, Emanuela and Worrell, James},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ICALP.2021.55},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-141242},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.ICALP.2021.55},
  annote =	{Keywords: Quantum algorithms, quantum query complexity, matrix-vector products}
}
Document
Track A: Algorithms, Complexity and Games
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.ICALP.2021.110
Quantum Algorithms for Matrix Scaling and Matrix Balancing

Authors: Joran van Apeldoorn, Sander Gribling, Yinan Li, Harold Nieuwboer, Michael Walter, and Ronald de Wolf

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 198, 48th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming (ICALP 2021)

Abstract
Matrix scaling and matrix balancing are two basic linear-algebraic problems with a wide variety of applications, such as approximating the permanent, and pre-conditioning linear systems to make them more numerically stable. We study the power and limitations of quantum algorithms for these problems. We provide quantum implementations of two classical (in both senses of the word) methods: Sinkhorn’s algorithm for matrix scaling and Osborne’s algorithm for matrix balancing. Using amplitude estimation as our main tool, our quantum implementations both run in time Õ(√{mn}/ε⁴) for scaling or balancing an n × n matrix (given by an oracle) with m non-zero entries to within 𝓁₁-error ε. Their classical analogs use time Õ(m/ε²), and every classical algorithm for scaling or balancing with small constant ε requires Ω(m) queries to the entries of the input matrix. We thus achieve a polynomial speed-up in terms of n, at the expense of a worse polynomial dependence on the obtained 𝓁₁-error ε. Even for constant ε these problems are already non-trivial (and relevant in applications). Along the way, we extend the classical analysis of Sinkhorn’s and Osborne’s algorithm to allow for errors in the computation of marginals. We also adapt an improved analysis of Sinkhorn’s algorithm for entrywise-positive matrices to the 𝓁₁-setting, obtaining an Õ(n^{1.5}/ε³)-time quantum algorithm for ε-𝓁₁-scaling. We also prove a lower bound, showing our quantum algorithm for matrix scaling is essentially optimal for constant ε: every quantum algorithm for matrix scaling that achieves a constant 𝓁₁-error w.r.t. uniform marginals needs Ω(√{mn}) queries.
Cite as

Joran van Apeldoorn, Sander Gribling, Yinan Li, Harold Nieuwboer, Michael Walter, and Ronald de Wolf. Quantum Algorithms for Matrix Scaling and Matrix Balancing. In 48th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming (ICALP 2021). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 198, pp. 110:1-110:17, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2021)

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@InProceedings{vanapeldoorn_et_al:LIPIcs.ICALP.2021.110,
  author =	{van Apeldoorn, Joran and Gribling, Sander and Li, Yinan and Nieuwboer, Harold and Walter, Michael and de Wolf, Ronald},
  title =	{{Quantum Algorithms for Matrix Scaling and Matrix Balancing}},
  booktitle =	{48th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming (ICALP 2021)},
  pages =	{110:1--110:17},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-195-5},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2021},
  volume =	{198},
  editor =	{Bansal, Nikhil and Merelli, Emanuela and Worrell, James},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ICALP.2021.110},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-141793},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.ICALP.2021.110},
  annote =	{Keywords: Matrix scaling, matrix balancing, quantum algorithms}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.TQC.2021.9
Quantum Probability Oracles & Multidimensional Amplitude Estimation

Authors: Joran van Apeldoorn

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 197, 16th Conference on the Theory of Quantum Computation, Communication and Cryptography (TQC 2021)

Abstract
We give a multidimensional version of amplitude estimation. Let p be an n-dimensional probability distribution which can be sampled from using a quantum circuit U_p. We show that all coordinates of p can be estimated up to error ε per coordinate using Õ(1/(ε)) applications of U_p and its inverse. This generalizes the normal amplitude estimation algorithm, which solves the problem for n = 2. Our results also imply a Õ(n/ε) query algorithm for 𝓁₁-norm (the total variation distance) estimation and a Õ(√n/ε) query algorithm for 𝓁₂-norm. We also show that these results are optimal up to logarithmic factors.
Cite as

Joran van Apeldoorn. Quantum Probability Oracles & Multidimensional Amplitude Estimation. In 16th Conference on the Theory of Quantum Computation, Communication and Cryptography (TQC 2021). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 197, pp. 9:1-9:11, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2021)

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@InProceedings{vanapeldoorn:LIPIcs.TQC.2021.9,
  author =	{van Apeldoorn, Joran},
  title =	{{Quantum Probability Oracles \& Multidimensional Amplitude Estimation}},
  booktitle =	{16th Conference on the Theory of Quantum Computation, Communication and Cryptography (TQC 2021)},
  pages =	{9:1--9:11},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-198-6},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2021},
  volume =	{197},
  editor =	{Hsieh, Min-Hsiu},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.TQC.2021.9},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-140046},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.TQC.2021.9},
  annote =	{Keywords: quantum algorithms, amplitude estimation, monte carlo}
}
Document
Track A: Algorithms, Complexity and Games
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.ICALP.2019.27
Quantum SDP Solvers: Large Speed-Ups, Optimality, and Applications to Quantum Learning

Authors: Fernando G. S. L. Brandão, Amir Kalev, Tongyang Li, Cedric Yen-Yu Lin, Krysta M. Svore, and Xiaodi Wu

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 132, 46th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming (ICALP 2019)

Abstract
We give two new quantum algorithms for solving semidefinite programs (SDPs) providing quantum speed-ups. We consider SDP instances with m constraint matrices, each of dimension n, rank at most r, and sparsity s. The first algorithm assumes an input model where one is given access to an oracle to the entries of the matrices at unit cost. We show that it has run time O~(s^2 (sqrt{m} epsilon^{-10} + sqrt{n} epsilon^{-12})), with epsilon the error of the solution. This gives an optimal dependence in terms of m, n and quadratic improvement over previous quantum algorithms (when m ~~ n). The second algorithm assumes a fully quantum input model in which the input matrices are given as quantum states. We show that its run time is O~(sqrt{m}+poly(r))*poly(log m,log n,B,epsilon^{-1}), with B an upper bound on the trace-norm of all input matrices. In particular the complexity depends only polylogarithmically in n and polynomially in r. We apply the second SDP solver to learn a good description of a quantum state with respect to a set of measurements: Given m measurements and a supply of copies of an unknown state rho with rank at most r, we show we can find in time sqrt{m}*poly(log m,log n,r,epsilon^{-1}) a description of the state as a quantum circuit preparing a density matrix which has the same expectation values as rho on the m measurements, up to error epsilon. The density matrix obtained is an approximation to the maximum entropy state consistent with the measurement data considered in Jaynes' principle from statistical mechanics. As in previous work, we obtain our algorithm by "quantizing" classical SDP solvers based on the matrix multiplicative weight update method. One of our main technical contributions is a quantum Gibbs state sampler for low-rank Hamiltonians, given quantum states encoding these Hamiltonians, with a poly-logarithmic dependence on its dimension, which is based on ideas developed in quantum principal component analysis. We also develop a "fast" quantum OR lemma with a quadratic improvement in gate complexity over the construction of Harrow et al. [Harrow et al., 2017]. We believe both techniques might be of independent interest.
Cite as

Fernando G. S. L. Brandão, Amir Kalev, Tongyang Li, Cedric Yen-Yu Lin, Krysta M. Svore, and Xiaodi Wu. Quantum SDP Solvers: Large Speed-Ups, Optimality, and Applications to Quantum Learning. In 46th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming (ICALP 2019). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 132, pp. 27:1-27:14, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2019)

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@InProceedings{brandao_et_al:LIPIcs.ICALP.2019.27,
  author =	{Brand\~{a}o, Fernando G. S. L. and Kalev, Amir and Li, Tongyang and Lin, Cedric Yen-Yu and Svore, Krysta M. and Wu, Xiaodi},
  title =	{{Quantum SDP Solvers: Large Speed-Ups, Optimality, and Applications to Quantum Learning}},
  booktitle =	{46th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming (ICALP 2019)},
  pages =	{27:1--27:14},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-109-2},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2019},
  volume =	{132},
  editor =	{Baier, Christel and Chatzigiannakis, Ioannis and Flocchini, Paola and Leonardi, Stefano},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ICALP.2019.27},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-106036},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.ICALP.2019.27},
  annote =	{Keywords: quantum algorithms, semidefinite program, convex optimization}
}
Document
Track A: Algorithms, Complexity and Games
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.ICALP.2019.99
Improvements in Quantum SDP-Solving with Applications

Authors: Joran van Apeldoorn and András Gilyén

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 132, 46th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming (ICALP 2019)

Abstract
Following the first paper on quantum algorithms for SDP-solving by Brandão and Svore [Brandão and Svore, 2017] in 2016, rapid developments have been made on quantum optimization algorithms. In this paper we improve and generalize all prior quantum algorithms for SDP-solving and give a simpler and unified framework. We take a new perspective on quantum SDP-solvers and introduce several new techniques. One of these is the quantum operator input model, which generalizes the different input models used in previous work, and essentially any other reasonable input model. This new model assumes that the input matrices are embedded in a block of a unitary operator. In this model we give a O~((sqrt{m}+sqrt{n}gamma)alpha gamma^4) algorithm, where n is the size of the matrices, m is the number of constraints, gamma is the reciprocal of the scale-invariant relative precision parameter, and alpha is a normalization factor of the input matrices. In particular for the standard sparse-matrix access, the above result gives a quantum algorithm where alpha=s. We also improve on recent results of Brandão et al. [Fernando G. S. L. Brandão et al., 2018], who consider the special case when the input matrices are proportional to mixed quantum states that one can query. For this model Brandão et al. [Fernando G. S. L. Brandão et al., 2018] showed that the dependence on n can be replaced by a polynomial dependence on both the rank and the trace of the input matrices. We remove the dependence on the rank and hence require only a dependence on the trace of the input matrices. After we obtain these results we apply them to a few different problems. The most notable of which is the problem of shadow tomography, recently introduced by Aaronson [Aaronson, 2018]. Here we simultaneously improve both the sample and computational complexity of the previous best results. Finally we prove a new Omega~(sqrt{m}alpha gamma) lower bound for solving LPs and SDPs in the quantum operator model, which also implies a lower bound for the model of Brandão et al. [Fernando G. S. L. Brandão et al., 2018].
Cite as

Joran van Apeldoorn and András Gilyén. Improvements in Quantum SDP-Solving with Applications. In 46th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming (ICALP 2019). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 132, pp. 99:1-99:15, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2019)

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@InProceedings{vanapeldoorn_et_al:LIPIcs.ICALP.2019.99,
  author =	{van Apeldoorn, Joran and Gily\'{e}n, Andr\'{a}s},
  title =	{{Improvements in Quantum SDP-Solving with Applications}},
  booktitle =	{46th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming (ICALP 2019)},
  pages =	{99:1--99:15},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-109-2},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2019},
  volume =	{132},
  editor =	{Baier, Christel and Chatzigiannakis, Ioannis and Flocchini, Paola and Leonardi, Stefano},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ICALP.2019.99},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-106750},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.ICALP.2019.99},
  annote =	{Keywords: quantum algorithms, semidefinite programming, shadow tomography}
}
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