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DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.SoCG.2025.35

A Theory of Sub-Barcodes

Authors: Oliver A. Chubet, Kirk P. Gardner, and Donald R. Sheehy

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 332, 41st International Symposium on Computational Geometry (SoCG 2025)

Abstract

The primary tool in topological data analysis (TDA) is persistent homology, which involves computing a barcode - often from point-cloud or scalar field data - that serves as a topological signature for the underlying function. In this work, we introduce sub-barcodes and show how they arise naturally from factorizations of persistence module homomorphisms. We show that, as a partial order induced by factorizations, the relation of being a sub-barcode is strictly stronger than the rank invariant, and we apply sub-barcode theory to the problem of inferring information about the barcode of an unknown Lipschitz function from samples. The advantage of this approach is that it permits strong guarantees - with no noise - while requiring no sampling assumptions, and the resulting barcode is guaranteed to be a sub-barcode of every Lipschitz function that agrees with the data. We also present an algorithmic theory that allows for the efficient approximation of sub-barcodes using filtered Delaunay triangulations for Euclidean inputs.

Cite as

Oliver A. Chubet, Kirk P. Gardner, and Donald R. Sheehy. A Theory of Sub-Barcodes. In 41st International Symposium on Computational Geometry (SoCG 2025). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 332, pp. 35:1-35:16, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2025)

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@InProceedings{chubet_et_al:LIPIcs.SoCG.2025.35,
  author =	{Chubet, Oliver A. and Gardner, Kirk P. and Sheehy, Donald R.},
  title =	{{A Theory of Sub-Barcodes}},
  booktitle =	{41st International Symposium on Computational Geometry (SoCG 2025)},
  pages =	{35:1--35:16},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-370-6},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2025},
  volume =	{332},
  editor =	{Aichholzer, Oswin and Wang, Haitao},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.SoCG.2025.35},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-231873},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.SoCG.2025.35},
  annote =	{Keywords: Topology, Topological Data Analysis, Persistent Homology, Persistence Modules, Barcodes, Sub-barcodes, Factorizations, Lipschitz Extensions}
}

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A Theory of Sub-Barcodes

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