15 Search Results for "Paul, Erik"

Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.DNA.29.1
Minimum Free Energy, Partition Function and Kinetics Simulation Algorithms for a Multistranded Scaffolded DNA Computer

Authors: Ahmed Shalaby, Chris Thachuk, and Damien Woods

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 276, 29th International Conference on DNA Computing and Molecular Programming (DNA 29) (2023)

Abstract
Polynomial time dynamic programming algorithms play a crucial role in the design, analysis and engineering of nucleic acid systems including DNA computers and DNA/RNA nanostructures. However, in complex multistranded or pseudoknotted systems, computing the minimum free energy (MFE), and partition function of nucleic acid systems is NP-hard. Despite this, multistranded and/or pseudoknotted systems represent some of the most utilised and successful systems in the field. This leaves open the tempting possibility that many of the kinds of multistranded and/or pseudoknotted systems we wish to engineer actually fall into restricted classes, that do in fact have polynomial time algorithms, but we've just not found them yet. Here, we give polynomial time algorithms for MFE and partition function calculation for a restricted kind of multistranded system called the 1D scaffolded DNA computer. This model of computation thermodynamically favours correct outputs over erroneous states, simulates finite state machines in 1D and Boolean circuits in 2D, and is amenable to DNA storage applications. In an effort to begin to ask the question of whether we can naturally compare the expressivity of nucleic acid systems based on the computational complexity of prediction of their preferred energetic states, we show our MFE problem is in logspace (the complexity class L), making it perhaps one of the simplest known, natural, nucleic acid MFE problems. Finally, we provide a stochastic kinetic simulator for the 1D scaffolded DNA computer and evaluate strategies for efficiently speeding up this thermodynamically favourable system in a constant-temperature kinetic regime.
Cite as

Ahmed Shalaby, Chris Thachuk, and Damien Woods. Minimum Free Energy, Partition Function and Kinetics Simulation Algorithms for a Multistranded Scaffolded DNA Computer. In 29th International Conference on DNA Computing and Molecular Programming (DNA 29). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 276, pp. 1:1-1:22, Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2023)

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@InProceedings{shalaby_et_al:LIPIcs.DNA.29.1,
  author =	{Shalaby, Ahmed and Thachuk, Chris and Woods, Damien},
  title =	{{Minimum Free Energy, Partition Function and Kinetics Simulation Algorithms for a Multistranded Scaffolded DNA Computer}},
  booktitle =	{29th International Conference on DNA Computing and Molecular Programming (DNA 29)},
  pages =	{1:1--1:22},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-297-6},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2023},
  volume =	{276},
  editor =	{Chen, Ho-Lin and Evans, Constantine G.},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.DNA.29.1},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-187840},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.DNA.29.1},
  annote =	{Keywords: thermodynamic computation, model of computation, molecular computing, minimum free energy, partition function, DNA computing, DNA self-assembly, DNA strand displacement, kinetics simulation}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.SAND.2023.5
Complexity of Motion Planning of Arbitrarily Many Robots: Gadgets, Petri Nets, and Counter Machines

Authors: Joshua Ani, Michael Coulombe, Erik D. Demaine, Yevhenii Diomidov, Timothy Gomez, Dylan Hendrickson, and Jayson Lynch

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 257, 2nd Symposium on Algorithmic Foundations of Dynamic Networks (SAND 2023)

Abstract
We extend the motion-planning-through-gadgets framework to several new scenarios involving various numbers of robots/agents, and analyze the complexity of the resulting motion-planning problems. While past work considers just one robot or one robot per player, most of our models allow for one or more locations to spawn new robots in each time step, leading to arbitrarily many robots. In the 0-player context, where all motion is deterministically forced, we prove that deciding whether any robot ever reaches a specified location is undecidable, by representing a counter machine. In the 1-player context, where the player can choose how to move the robots, we prove equivalence to Petri nets, EXPSPACE-completeness for reaching a specified location, PSPACE-completeness for reconfiguration, and ACKERMANN-completeness for reconfiguration when robots can be destroyed in addition to spawned. Finally, we consider a variation on the standard 2-player context where, instead of one robot per player, we have one robot shared by the players, along with a ko rule to prevent immediately undoing the previous move. We prove this impartial 2-player game EXPTIME-complete.
Cite as

Joshua Ani, Michael Coulombe, Erik D. Demaine, Yevhenii Diomidov, Timothy Gomez, Dylan Hendrickson, and Jayson Lynch. Complexity of Motion Planning of Arbitrarily Many Robots: Gadgets, Petri Nets, and Counter Machines. In 2nd Symposium on Algorithmic Foundations of Dynamic Networks (SAND 2023). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 257, pp. 5:1-5:21, Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2023)

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@InProceedings{ani_et_al:LIPIcs.SAND.2023.5,
  author =	{Ani, Joshua and Coulombe, Michael and Demaine, Erik D. and Diomidov, Yevhenii and Gomez, Timothy and Hendrickson, Dylan and Lynch, Jayson},
  title =	{{Complexity of Motion Planning of Arbitrarily Many Robots: Gadgets, Petri Nets, and Counter Machines}},
  booktitle =	{2nd Symposium on Algorithmic Foundations of Dynamic Networks (SAND 2023)},
  pages =	{5:1--5:21},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-275-4},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2023},
  volume =	{257},
  editor =	{Doty, David and Spirakis, Paul},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.SAND.2023.5},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-179414},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.SAND.2023.5},
  annote =	{Keywords: Gadgets, robots, undecidability, Petri nets}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LITES.8.2.3
Higher-Dimensional Timed and Hybrid Automata

Authors: Uli Fahrenberg

Published in: LITES, Volume 8, Issue 2 (2022): Special Issue on Distributed Hybrid Systems. Leibniz Transactions on Embedded Systems, Volume 8, Issue 2

Abstract
We introduce a new formalism of higher-dimensional timed automata, based on Pratt and van Glabbeek’s higher-dimensional automata and Alur and Dill’s timed automata. We prove that their reachability is PSPACE-complete and can be decided using zone-based algorithms. We also extend the setting to higher-dimensional hybrid automata.The interest of our formalism is in modeling systems which exhibit both real-time behavior and concurrency. Other existing formalisms for real-time modeling identify concurrency and interleaving, which, as we shall argue, is problematic.
Cite as

Uli Fahrenberg. Higher-Dimensional Timed and Hybrid Automata. In LITES, Volume 8, Issue 2 (2022): Special Issue on Distributed Hybrid Systems. Leibniz Transactions on Embedded Systems, Volume 8, Issue 2, pp. 03:1-03:16, Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2022)

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@Article{fahrenberg:LITES.8.2.3,
  author =	{Fahrenberg, Uli},
  title =	{{Higher-Dimensional Timed and Hybrid Automata}},
  booktitle =	{LITES, Volume 8, Issue 2 (2022): Special Issue on Distributed Hybrid Systems},
  pages =	{03:1--03:16},
  journal =	{Leibniz Transactions on Embedded Systems},
  ISSN =	{2199-2002},
  year =	{2022},
  volume =	{8},
  number =	{2},
  editor =	{Fahrenberg, Uli},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LITES.8.2.3},
  doi =		{10.4230/LITES.8.2.3},
  annote =	{Keywords: timed automaton, higher-dimensional automaton, precubical set, real time, non-interleaving concurrency, hybrid automaton}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LITES.8.2.4
A Hybrid Programming Language for Formal Modeling and Verification of Hybrid Systems

Authors: Eduard Kamburjan, Stefan Mitsch, and Reiner Hähnle

Published in: LITES, Volume 8, Issue 2 (2022): Special Issue on Distributed Hybrid Systems. Leibniz Transactions on Embedded Systems, Volume 8, Issue 2

Abstract
Designing and modeling complex cyber-physical systems (CPS) faces the double challenge of combined discrete-continuous dynamics and concurrent behavior. Existing formal modeling and verification languages for CPS expose the underlying proof search technology. They lack high-level structuring elements and are not efficiently executable. The ensuing modeling gap renders formal CPS models hard to understand and to validate. We propose a high-level programming-based approach to formal modeling and verification of hybrid systems as a hybrid extension of an Active Objects language. Well-structured hybrid active programs and requirements allow automatic, reachability-preserving translation into differential dynamic logic, a logic for hybrid (discrete-continuous) programs. Verification is achieved by discharging the resulting formulas with the theorem prover KeYmaera X. We demonstrate the usability of our approach with case studies.
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Eduard Kamburjan, Stefan Mitsch, and Reiner Hähnle. A Hybrid Programming Language for Formal Modeling and Verification of Hybrid Systems. In LITES, Volume 8, Issue 2 (2022): Special Issue on Distributed Hybrid Systems. Leibniz Transactions on Embedded Systems, Volume 8, Issue 2, pp. 04:1-04:34, Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2022)

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@Article{kamburjan_et_al:LITES.8.2.4,
  author =	{Kamburjan, Eduard and Mitsch, Stefan and H\"{a}hnle, Reiner},
  title =	{{A Hybrid Programming Language for Formal Modeling and Verification of Hybrid Systems}},
  booktitle =	{LITES, Volume 8, Issue 2 (2022): Special Issue on Distributed Hybrid Systems},
  pages =	{04:1--04:34},
  journal =	{Leibniz Transactions on Embedded Systems},
  ISSN =	{2199-2002},
  year =	{2022},
  volume =	{8},
  number =	{2},
  editor =	{Kamburjan, Eduard and Mitsch, Stefan and H\"{a}hnle, Reiner},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LITES.8.2.4},
  doi =		{10.4230/LITES.8.2.4},
  annote =	{Keywords: Active Objects, Differential Dynamic Logic, Hybrid Systems}
}
Document
Track B: Automata, Logic, Semantics, and Theory of Programming
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.ICALP.2020.137
Finite Sequentiality of Finitely Ambiguous Max-Plus Tree Automata

Authors: Erik Paul

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 168, 47th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming (ICALP 2020)

Abstract
We show that the finite sequentiality problem is decidable for finitely ambiguous max-plus tree automata. A max-plus tree automaton is a weighted tree automaton over the max-plus semiring. A max-plus tree automaton is called finitely ambiguous if the number of accepting runs on every tree is bounded by a global constant. The finite sequentiality problem asks whether for a given max-plus tree automaton, there exist finitely many deterministic max-plus tree automata whose pointwise maximum is equivalent to the given automaton.
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Erik Paul. Finite Sequentiality of Finitely Ambiguous Max-Plus Tree Automata. In 47th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming (ICALP 2020). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 168, pp. 137:1-137:15, Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2020)

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@InProceedings{paul:LIPIcs.ICALP.2020.137,
  author =	{Paul, Erik},
  title =	{{Finite Sequentiality of Finitely Ambiguous Max-Plus Tree Automata}},
  booktitle =	{47th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming (ICALP 2020)},
  pages =	{137:1--137:15},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-138-2},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2020},
  volume =	{168},
  editor =	{Czumaj, Artur and Dawar, Anuj and Merelli, Emanuela},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ICALP.2020.137},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-125447},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.ICALP.2020.137},
  annote =	{Keywords: Weighted Tree Automata, Max-Plus Tree Automata, Finite Sequentiality, Decidability, Finite Ambiguity}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.STACS.2019.31
Wealth Inequality and the Price of Anarchy

Authors: Kurtuluş Gemici, Elias Koutsoupias, Barnabé Monnot, Christos H. Papadimitriou, and Georgios Piliouras

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 126, 36th International Symposium on Theoretical Aspects of Computer Science (STACS 2019)

Abstract
The price of anarchy quantifies the degradation of social welfare in games due to the lack of a centralized authority that can enforce the optimal outcome. It is known that, in certain games, such effects can be ameliorated via tolls or taxes. This leads to a natural, but largely unexplored, question: what is the effect of such transfers on social inequality? We study this question in nonatomic congestion games, arguably one of the most thoroughly studied settings from the perspective of the price of anarchy. We introduce a new model that incorporates the income distribution of the population and captures the income elasticity of travel time (i.e., how does loss of time translate to lost income). This allows us to argue about the equality of wealth distribution both before and after employing a mechanism. We establish that, under reasonable assumptions, tolls always increase inequality in symmetric congestion games under any reasonable metric of inequality such as the Gini index. We introduce the inequity index, a novel measure for quantifying the magnitude of these forces towards a more unbalanced wealth distribution and show it has good normative properties (robustness to scaling of income, no-regret learning). We analyze inequity both in theoretical settings (Pigou’s network under various wealth distributions) as well as experimental ones (based on a large scale field experiment in Singapore). Finally, we provide an algorithm for computing optimal tolls for any point of the trade-off of relative importance of efficiency and equality. We conclude with a discussion of our findings in the context of theories of justice as developed in contemporary social sciences and present several directions for future research.
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Kurtuluş Gemici, Elias Koutsoupias, Barnabé Monnot, Christos H. Papadimitriou, and Georgios Piliouras. Wealth Inequality and the Price of Anarchy. In 36th International Symposium on Theoretical Aspects of Computer Science (STACS 2019). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 126, pp. 31:1-31:16, Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2019)

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@InProceedings{gemici_et_al:LIPIcs.STACS.2019.31,
  author =	{Gemici, Kurtulu\c{s} and Koutsoupias, Elias and Monnot, Barnab\'{e} and Papadimitriou, Christos H. and Piliouras, Georgios},
  title =	{{Wealth Inequality and the Price of Anarchy}},
  booktitle =	{36th International Symposium on Theoretical Aspects of Computer Science (STACS 2019)},
  pages =	{31:1--31:16},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-100-9},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2019},
  volume =	{126},
  editor =	{Niedermeier, Rolf and Paul, Christophe},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.STACS.2019.31},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-102707},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.STACS.2019.31},
  annote =	{Keywords: congestion games, inequality}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.STACS.2019.39
A Deterministic Polynomial Kernel for Odd Cycle Transversal and Vertex Multiway Cut in Planar Graphs

Authors: Bart M. P. Jansen, Marcin Pilipczuk, and Erik Jan van Leeuwen

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 126, 36th International Symposium on Theoretical Aspects of Computer Science (STACS 2019)

Abstract
We show that Odd Cycle Transversal and Vertex Multiway Cut admit deterministic polynomial kernels when restricted to planar graphs and parameterized by the solution size. This answers a question of Saurabh. On the way to these results, we provide an efficient sparsification routine in the flavor of the sparsification routine used for the Steiner Tree problem in planar graphs (FOCS 2014). It differs from the previous work because it preserves the existence of low-cost subgraphs that are not necessarily Steiner trees in the original plane graph, but structures that turn into (supergraphs of) Steiner trees after adding all edges between pairs of vertices that lie on a common face. We also show connections between Vertex Multiway Cut and the Vertex Planarization problem, where the existence of a polynomial kernel remains an important open problem.
Cite as

Bart M. P. Jansen, Marcin Pilipczuk, and Erik Jan van Leeuwen. A Deterministic Polynomial Kernel for Odd Cycle Transversal and Vertex Multiway Cut in Planar Graphs. In 36th International Symposium on Theoretical Aspects of Computer Science (STACS 2019). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 126, pp. 39:1-39:18, Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2019)

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@InProceedings{jansen_et_al:LIPIcs.STACS.2019.39,
  author =	{Jansen, Bart M. P. and Pilipczuk, Marcin and van Leeuwen, Erik Jan},
  title =	{{A Deterministic Polynomial Kernel for Odd Cycle Transversal and Vertex Multiway Cut in Planar Graphs}},
  booktitle =	{36th International Symposium on Theoretical Aspects of Computer Science (STACS 2019)},
  pages =	{39:1--39:18},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-100-9},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2019},
  volume =	{126},
  editor =	{Niedermeier, Rolf and Paul, Christophe},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.STACS.2019.39},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-102783},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.STACS.2019.39},
  annote =	{Keywords: planar graphs, kernelization, odd cycle transversal, multiway cut}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.STACS.2019.55
Finite Sequentiality of Unambiguous Max-Plus Tree Automata

Authors: Erik Paul

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 126, 36th International Symposium on Theoretical Aspects of Computer Science (STACS 2019)

Abstract
We show the decidability of the finite sequentiality problem for unambiguous max-plus tree automata. A max-plus tree automaton is called unambiguous if there is at most one accepting run on every tree. The finite sequentiality problem asks whether for a given max-plus tree automaton, there exist finitely many deterministic max-plus tree automata whose pointwise maximum is equivalent to the given automaton.
Cite as

Erik Paul. Finite Sequentiality of Unambiguous Max-Plus Tree Automata. In 36th International Symposium on Theoretical Aspects of Computer Science (STACS 2019). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 126, pp. 55:1-55:17, Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2019)

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@InProceedings{paul:LIPIcs.STACS.2019.55,
  author =	{Paul, Erik},
  title =	{{Finite Sequentiality of Unambiguous Max-Plus Tree Automata}},
  booktitle =	{36th International Symposium on Theoretical Aspects of Computer Science (STACS 2019)},
  pages =	{55:1--55:17},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-100-9},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2019},
  volume =	{126},
  editor =	{Niedermeier, Rolf and Paul, Christophe},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.STACS.2019.55},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-102946},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.STACS.2019.55},
  annote =	{Keywords: Weighted Tree Automata, Max-Plus Tree Automata, Finite Sequentiality, Decidability, Ambiguity}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.MFCS.2018.76
A Feferman-Vaught Decomposition Theorem for Weighted MSO Logic

Authors: Manfred Droste and Erik Paul

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 117, 43rd International Symposium on Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science (MFCS 2018)

Abstract
We prove a weighted Feferman-Vaught decomposition theorem for disjoint unions and products of finite structures. The classical Feferman-Vaught Theorem describes how the evaluation of a first order sentence in a generalized product of relational structures can be reduced to the evaluation of sentences in the contributing structures and the index structure. The logic we employ for our weighted extension is based on the weighted MSO logic introduced by Droste and Gastin to obtain a Büchi-type result for weighted automata. We show that for disjoint unions and products of structures, the evaluation of formulas from two respective fragments of the logic can be reduced to the evaluation of formulas in the contributing structures. We also prove that the respective restrictions are necessary. Surprisingly, for the case of disjoint unions, the fragment is the same as the one used in the Büchi-type result of weighted automata. In fact, even the formulas used to show that the respective restrictions are necessary are the same in both cases. However, here proving that they do not allow for a Feferman-Vaught-like decomposition is more complex and employs Ramsey's Theorem. We also show how translation schemes can be applied to go beyond disjoint unions and products.
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Manfred Droste and Erik Paul. A Feferman-Vaught Decomposition Theorem for Weighted MSO Logic. In 43rd International Symposium on Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science (MFCS 2018). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 117, pp. 76:1-76:15, Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2018)

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@InProceedings{droste_et_al:LIPIcs.MFCS.2018.76,
  author =	{Droste, Manfred and Paul, Erik},
  title =	{{A Feferman-Vaught Decomposition Theorem for Weighted MSO Logic}},
  booktitle =	{43rd International Symposium on Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science (MFCS 2018)},
  pages =	{76:1--76:15},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-086-6},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2018},
  volume =	{117},
  editor =	{Potapov, Igor and Spirakis, Paul and Worrell, James},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.MFCS.2018.76},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-96581},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.MFCS.2018.76},
  annote =	{Keywords: Quantitative Logic, Quantitative Model Theory, Feferman-Vaught Theorem, Translation Scheme, Transduction}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.MFCS.2018.83
Rainbow Vertex Coloring Bipartite Graphs and Chordal Graphs

Authors: Pinar Heggernes, Davis Issac, Juho Lauri, Paloma T. Lima, and Erik Jan van Leeuwen

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 117, 43rd International Symposium on Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science (MFCS 2018)

Abstract
Given a graph with colors on its vertices, a path is called a rainbow vertex path if all its internal vertices have distinct colors. We say that the graph is rainbow vertex-connected if there is a rainbow vertex path between every pair of its vertices. We study the problem of deciding whether the vertices of a given graph can be colored with at most k colors so that the graph becomes rainbow vertex-connected. Although edge-colorings have been studied extensively under similar constraints, there are significantly fewer results on the vertex variant that we consider. In particular, its complexity on structured graph classes was explicitly posed as an open question. We show that the problem remains NP-complete even on bipartite apex graphs and on split graphs. The former can be seen as a first step in the direction of studying the complexity of rainbow coloring on sparse graphs, an open problem which has attracted attention but limited progress. We also give hardness of approximation results for both bipartite and split graphs. To complement the negative results, we show that bipartite permutation graphs, interval graphs, and block graphs can be rainbow vertex-connected optimally in polynomial time.
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Pinar Heggernes, Davis Issac, Juho Lauri, Paloma T. Lima, and Erik Jan van Leeuwen. Rainbow Vertex Coloring Bipartite Graphs and Chordal Graphs. In 43rd International Symposium on Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science (MFCS 2018). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 117, pp. 83:1-83:13, Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2018)

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@InProceedings{heggernes_et_al:LIPIcs.MFCS.2018.83,
  author =	{Heggernes, Pinar and Issac, Davis and Lauri, Juho and Lima, Paloma T. and van Leeuwen, Erik Jan},
  title =	{{Rainbow Vertex Coloring Bipartite Graphs and Chordal Graphs}},
  booktitle =	{43rd International Symposium on Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science (MFCS 2018)},
  pages =	{83:1--83:13},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-086-6},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2018},
  volume =	{117},
  editor =	{Potapov, Igor and Spirakis, Paul and Worrell, James},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.MFCS.2018.83},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-96657},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.MFCS.2018.83},
  annote =	{Keywords: Rainbow coloring, graph classes, polynomial-time algorithms, approximation algorithms}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.MFCS.2017.14
Monitor Logics for Quantitative Monitor Automata

Authors: Erik Paul

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 83, 42nd International Symposium on Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science (MFCS 2017)

Abstract
We introduce a new logic called Monitor Logic and show that it is expressively equivalent to Quantitative Monitor Automata.
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Erik Paul. Monitor Logics for Quantitative Monitor Automata. In 42nd International Symposium on Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science (MFCS 2017). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 83, pp. 14:1-14:13, Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2017)

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@InProceedings{paul:LIPIcs.MFCS.2017.14,
  author =	{Paul, Erik},
  title =	{{Monitor Logics for Quantitative Monitor Automata}},
  booktitle =	{42nd International Symposium on Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science (MFCS 2017)},
  pages =	{14:1--14:13},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-046-0},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2017},
  volume =	{83},
  editor =	{Larsen, Kim G. and Bodlaender, Hans L. and Raskin, Jean-Francois},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.MFCS.2017.14},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-81133},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.MFCS.2017.14},
  annote =	{Keywords: Quantitative Monitor Automata, Nested Weighted Automata, Monitor Logics, Weighted Logics}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.MFCS.2017.53
The Equivalence, Unambiguity and Sequentiality Problems of Finitely Ambiguous Max-Plus Tree Automata are Decidable

Authors: Erik Paul

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 83, 42nd International Symposium on Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science (MFCS 2017)

Abstract
We show that the equivalence, unambiguity and sequentiality problems are decidable for finitely ambiguous max-plus tree automata.
Cite as

Erik Paul. The Equivalence, Unambiguity and Sequentiality Problems of Finitely Ambiguous Max-Plus Tree Automata are Decidable. In 42nd International Symposium on Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science (MFCS 2017). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 83, pp. 53:1-53:13, Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2017)

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@InProceedings{paul:LIPIcs.MFCS.2017.53,
  author =	{Paul, Erik},
  title =	{{The Equivalence, Unambiguity and Sequentiality Problems of Finitely Ambiguous Max-Plus Tree Automata are Decidable}},
  booktitle =	{42nd International Symposium on Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science (MFCS 2017)},
  pages =	{53:1--53:13},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-046-0},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2017},
  volume =	{83},
  editor =	{Larsen, Kim G. and Bodlaender, Hans L. and Raskin, Jean-Francois},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.MFCS.2017.53},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-81147},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.MFCS.2017.53},
  annote =	{Keywords: Tree Automata, Max-Plus Automata, Equivalence, Unambiguity, Sequentiality, Decidability}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LITES-v004-i001-a004
How Is Your Satellite Doing? Battery Kinetics with Recharging and Uncertainty

Authors: Holger Hermanns, Jan Krčál, and Gilles Nies

Published in: LITES, Volume 4, Issue 1 (2017). Leibniz Transactions on Embedded Systems, Volume 4, Issue 1

Abstract
The kinetic battery model is a popular model of the dynamic behaviour of a conventional battery, useful to predict or optimize the time until battery depletion. The model however lacks certain obvious aspects of batteries in-the-wild, especially with respect to the effects of random influences and the behaviour when charging up to capacity limits.This paper considers the kinetic battery model with limited capacity in the context of piecewise constant yet random charging and discharging. We provide exact representations of the battery behaviour wherever possible, and otherwise develop safe approximations that bound the probability distribution of the battery state from above and below. The resulting model enables the time-dependent evaluation of the risk of battery depletion. This is demonstrated in an extensive dependability study of a nano satellite currently orbiting the earth.
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Holger Hermanns, Jan Krčál, and Gilles Nies. How Is Your Satellite Doing? Battery Kinetics with Recharging and Uncertainty. In LITES, Volume 4, Issue 1 (2017). Leibniz Transactions on Embedded Systems, Volume 4, Issue 1, pp. 04:1-04:28, Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2017)

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@Article{hermanns_et_al:LITES-v004-i001-a004,
  author =	{Hermanns, Holger and Kr\v{c}\'{a}l, Jan and Nies, Gilles},
  title =	{{How Is Your Satellite Doing? Battery Kinetics with Recharging and Uncertainty}},
  booktitle =	{LITES, Volume 4, Issue 1 (2017)},
  pages =	{04:1--04:28},
  journal =	{Leibniz Transactions on Embedded Systems},
  ISSN =	{2199-2002},
  year =	{2017},
  volume =	{4},
  number =	{1},
  editor =	{Hermanns, Holger and Kr\v{c}\'{a}l, Jan and Nies, Gilles},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LITES-v004-i001-a004},
  doi =		{10.4230/LITES-v004-i001-a004},
  annote =	{Keywords: Battery Power, Depletion Risk, Bounded Charging and Discharging, Stochastic Load, Distribution Bounds}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LITES-v003-i001-a005
A Survey on Static Cache Analysis for Real-Time Systems

Authors: Mingsong Lv, Nan Guan, Jan Reineke, Reinhard Wilhelm, and Wang Yi

Published in: LITES, Volume 3, Issue 1 (2016). Leibniz Transactions on Embedded Systems, Volume 3, Issue 1

Abstract
Real-time systems are reactive computer systems that must produce their reaction to a stimulus within given time bounds. A vital verification requirement is to estimate the Worst-Case Execution Time (WCET) of programs. These estimates are then used to predict the timing behavior of the overall system. The execution time of a program heavily depends on the underlying hardware, among which cache has the biggest influence. Analyzing cache behavior is very challenging due to the versatile cache features and complex execution environment. This article provides a survey on static cache analysis for real-time systems. We first present the challenges and static analysis techniques for independent programs with respect to different cache features. Then, the discussion is extended to cache analysis in complex execution environment, followed by a survey of existing tools based on static techniques for cache analysis. An outlook for future research is provided at last.
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Mingsong Lv, Nan Guan, Jan Reineke, Reinhard Wilhelm, and Wang Yi. A Survey on Static Cache Analysis for Real-Time Systems. In LITES, Volume 3, Issue 1 (2016). Leibniz Transactions on Embedded Systems, Volume 3, Issue 1, pp. 05:1-05:48, Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2016)

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@Article{lv_et_al:LITES-v003-i001-a005,
  author =	{Lv, Mingsong and Guan, Nan and Reineke, Jan and Wilhelm, Reinhard and Yi, Wang},
  title =	{{A Survey on Static Cache Analysis for Real-Time Systems}},
  booktitle =	{LITES, Volume 3, Issue 1 (2016)},
  pages =	{05:1--05:48},
  journal =	{Leibniz Transactions on Embedded Systems},
  ISSN =	{2199-2002},
  year =	{2016},
  volume =	{3},
  number =	{1},
  editor =	{Lv, Mingsong and Guan, Nan and Reineke, Jan and Wilhelm, Reinhard and Yi, Wang},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LITES-v003-i001-a005},
  doi =		{10.4230/LITES-v003-i001-a005},
  annote =	{Keywords: Hard real-time, Cache analysis, Worst-case execution time}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LITES-v001-i002-a001
Blocking Optimality in Distributed Real-Time Locking Protocols

Authors: Björn Bernhard Brandenburg

Published in: LITES, Volume 1, Issue 2 (2014). Leibniz Transactions on Embedded Systems, Volume 1, Issue 2

Abstract
Lower and upper bounds on the maximum priority inversion blocking (pi-blocking) that is generally unavoidable in distributed multiprocessor real-time locking protocols (where resources may be accessed only from specific synchronization processors) are established. Prior work on suspension-based shared-memory multiprocessor locking protocols (which require resources to be accessible from all processors) has established asymptotically tight bounds of Ω(m) and Ω(n) maximum pi-blocking under suspension-oblivious and suspension-aware analysis, respectively, where m denotes the total number of processors and n denotes the number of tasks. In this paper, it is shown that, in the case of distributed semaphore protocols, there exist two different task allocation scenarios that give rise to distinct lower bounds. In the case of co-hosted task allocation, where application tasks may also be assigned to synchronization processors (i.e., processors hosting critical sections), Ω(Φ · n) maximum pi-blocking is unavoidable for some tasks under any locking protocol under both suspension-aware and suspension-oblivious schedulability analysis, where Φ denotes the ratio of the maximum response time to the shortest period. In contrast, in the case of disjoint task allocation (i.e., if application tasks may not be assigned to synchronization processors), only Ω(m) and Ω(n) maximum pi-blocking is fundamentally unavoidable under suspension-oblivious and suspension-aware analysis, respectively, as in the shared-memory case. These bounds are shown to be asymptotically tight with the construction of two new distributed real-time locking protocols that ensure O(m) and O(n) maximum pi-blocking under suspension-oblivious and suspension-aware analysis, respectively.
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Björn Bernhard Brandenburg. Blocking Optimality in Distributed Real-Time Locking Protocols. In LITES, Volume 1, Issue 2 (2014). Leibniz Transactions on Embedded Systems, Volume 1, Issue 2, pp. 01:1-01:22, Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2014)

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@Article{brandenburg:LITES-v001-i002-a001,
  author =	{Brandenburg, Bj\"{o}rn Bernhard},
  title =	{{Blocking Optimality in Distributed Real-Time Locking Protocols}},
  booktitle =	{LITES, Volume 1, Issue 2 (2014)},
  pages =	{01:1--01:22},
  journal =	{Leibniz Transactions on Embedded Systems},
  ISSN =	{2199-2002},
  year =	{2014},
  volume =	{1},
  number =	{2},
  editor =	{Brandenburg, Bj\"{o}rn Bernhard},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LITES-v001-i002-a001},
  doi =		{10.4230/LITES-v001-i002-a001},
  annote =	{Keywords: Distributed multiprocessor real-time systems, Real-time locking, Priority inversion, Blocking optimality}
}
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