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Counting Short Vector Pairs by Inner Product and Relations to the Permanent

Authors Andreas Björklund, Petteri Kaski

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Andreas Björklund
  • Lund, Sweden
Petteri Kaski
  • Department of Computer Science, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland

Acknowledgements

We thank Virginia Vassilevska Williams and Ryan Williams for many useful discussions. We also thank the anonymous reviewers for their useful remarks.

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Andreas Björklund and Petteri Kaski. Counting Short Vector Pairs by Inner Product and Relations to the Permanent. In 48th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming (ICALP 2021). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 198, pp. 29:1-29:21, Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2021)
https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.ICALP.2021.29

Abstract

Given as input two n-element sets A, B ⊆ {0,1}^d with d = clog n ≤ (log n)²/(log log n)⁴ and a target t ∈ {0,1,…,d}, we show how to count the number of pairs (x,y) ∈ A× B with integer inner product ⟨ x,y ⟩ = t deterministically, in n²/2^{Ω(√{log nlog log n/(clog² c)})} time. This demonstrates that one can solve this problem in deterministic subquadratic time almost up to log² n dimensions, nearly matching the dimension bound of a subquadratic randomized detection algorithm of Alman and Williams [FOCS 2015]. We also show how to modify their randomized algorithm to count the pairs w.h.p., to obtain a fast randomized algorithm. Our deterministic algorithm builds on a novel technique of reconstructing a function from sum-aggregates by prime residues, or modular tomography, which can be seen as an additive analog of the Chinese Remainder Theorem. As our second contribution, we relate the fine-grained complexity of the task of counting of vector pairs by inner product to the task of computing a zero-one matrix permanent over the integers.

Subject Classification

ACM Subject Classification
  • Theory of computation → Design and analysis of algorithms
Keywords
  • additive reconstruction
  • Chinese Remainder Theorem
  • counting
  • inner product
  • modular tomography
  • orthogonal vectors
  • permanent

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