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Parameterized Algorithms for Coordinated Motion Planning: Minimizing Energy

Authors Argyrios Deligkas , Eduard Eiben , Robert Ganian , Iyad Kanj , M. S. Ramanujan

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  • Theory of computation → Parameterized complexity and exact algorithms
Keywords
  • coordinated motion planning
  • multi-agent path finding
  • parameterized complexity

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Abstract

We study the parameterized complexity of a generalization of the coordinated motion planning problem on graphs, where the goal is to route a specified subset of a given set of k robots to their destinations with the aim of minimizing the total energy (i.e., the total length traveled). We develop novel techniques to push beyond previously-established results that were restricted to solid grids. 
We design a fixed-parameter additive approximation algorithm for this problem parameterized by k alone. This result, which is of independent interest, allows us to prove the following two results pertaining to well-studied coordinated motion planning problems: (1) A fixed-parameter algorithm, parameterized by k, for routing a single robot to its destination while avoiding the other robots, which is related to the famous Rush-Hour Puzzle; and (2) a fixed-parameter algorithm, parameterized by k plus the treewidth of the input graph, for the standard Coordinated Motion Planning (CMP) problem in which we need to route all the k robots to their destinations. The latter of these results implies, among others, the fixed-parameter tractability of CMP parameterized by k on graphs of bounded outerplanarity, which include bounded-height subgrids.
We complement the above results with a lower bound which rules out the fixed-parameter tractability for CMP when parameterized by the total energy. This contrasts the recently-obtained tractability of the problem on solid grids under the same parameterization. As our final result, we strengthen the aforementioned fixed-parameter tractability to hold not only on solid grids but all graphs of bounded local treewidth - a class including, among others, all graphs of bounded genus.

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Argyrios Deligkas, Eduard Eiben, Robert Ganian, Iyad Kanj, and M. S. Ramanujan. Parameterized Algorithms for Coordinated Motion Planning: Minimizing Energy. In 51st International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming (ICALP 2024). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 297, pp. 53:1-53:18, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2024) https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.ICALP.2024.53

Author Details

Argyrios Deligkas
  • Department of Computer Science, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham, UK
Eduard Eiben
  • Department of Computer Science, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham, UK
Robert Ganian
  • Algorithms and Complexity Group, TU Wien, Austria
Iyad Kanj
  • School of Computing, DePaul University, Chicago, IL, USA
M. S. Ramanujan
  • Department of Computer Science, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK

Funding

  • Deligkas, Argyrios: Supported by Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) grant EP/X039862/1.
  • Ganian, Robert: Project No. Y1329 of the Austrian Science Fund (FWF), Project No. ICT22-029 of the Vienna Science Foundation (WWTF).
  • Kanj, Iyad: DePaul URC Grants 606601 and 350130.
  • Ramanujan, M. S.: Supported by Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) grants EP/V007793/1 and EP/V044621/1.

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