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External-Memory Dictionaries with Worst-Case Update Cost

Authors Rathish Das, John Iacono, Yakov Nekrich

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Subject Classification

ACM Subject Classification
  • Theory of computation → Data structures design and analysis
  • Theory of computation → Sorting and searching
  • Theory of computation → Design and analysis of algorithms
Keywords
  • Data Structures
  • External Memory
  • Buffer Tree

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Abstract

The B^ε-tree [Brodal and Fagerberg 2003] is a simple I/O-efficient external-memory-model data structure that supports updates orders of magnitude faster than B-tree with a query performance comparable to the B-tree: for any positive constant ε < 1 insertions and deletions take O(1/B^(1-ε) log_B N) time (rather than O(log_BN) time for the classic B-tree), queries take O(log_B N) time and range queries returning k items take O(log_B N + k/B) time. Although the B^ε-tree has an optimal update/query tradeoff, the runtimes are amortized. Another structure, the write-optimized skip list, introduced by Bender et al. [PODS 2017], has the same performance as the B^ε-tree but with runtimes that are randomized rather than amortized. In this paper, we present a variant of the B^ε-tree with deterministic worst-case running times that are identical to the original’s amortized running times.

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Rathish Das, John Iacono, and Yakov Nekrich. External-Memory Dictionaries with Worst-Case Update Cost. In 33rd International Symposium on Algorithms and Computation (ISAAC 2022). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 248, pp. 21:1-21:13, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2022) https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.ISAAC.2022.21

Author Details

Rathish Das
  • University of Liverpool, UK
John Iacono
  • Université libre de Bruxelles, Belgium
  • New York University, USA
Yakov Nekrich
  • Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, USA

Funding

  • Das, Rathish: Supported by the Canada Research Chairs Programme and NSERC Discovery Grants.
  • Iacono, John: Supported by Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique-FNRS under Grants MISU F 6001 1 and CDR/OL J.0101.22 - 40008322.

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