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Interaction-Preserving Compilers for Secure Computation

Authors Nico Döttling, Vipul Goyal, Giulio Malavolta, Justin Raizes

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  • Security and privacy → Cryptography
Keywords
  • Multiparty Computation
  • Communication Complexity
  • Fully Homomorphic Encryption

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Abstract

In this work we consider the following question: What is the cost of security for multi-party protocols? Specifically, given an insecure protocol where parties exchange (in the worst case) Γ bits in N rounds, is it possible to design a secure protocol with communication complexity close to Γ and N rounds? We systematically study this problem in a variety of settings and we propose solutions based on the intractability of different cryptographic problems.
For the case of two parties we design an interaction-preserving compiler where the number of bits exchanged in the secure protocol approaches Γ and the number of rounds is exactly N, assuming the hardness of standard problems over lattices. For the more general multi-party case, we obtain the same result assuming either (i) an additional round of interaction or (ii) the existence of extractable witness encryption and succinct non-interactive arguments of knowledge. As a contribution of independent interest, we construct the first multi-key fully homomorphic encryption scheme with message-to-ciphertext ratio (i.e., rate) of 1 - o(1), assuming the hardness of the learning with errors (LWE) problem.
We view our work as a support for the claim that, as far as interaction and communication are concerned, one does not need to pay a significant price for security in multi-party protocols.

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Nico Döttling, Vipul Goyal, Giulio Malavolta, and Justin Raizes. Interaction-Preserving Compilers for Secure Computation. In 13th Innovations in Theoretical Computer Science Conference (ITCS 2022). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 215, pp. 57:1-57:18, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2022) https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.ITCS.2022.57

Author Details

Nico Döttling
  • CISPA Helmholtz Center for Information Security, Saarbrücken, Germany
Vipul Goyal
  • Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
  • NTT Research, Sunnyvale, CA, USA
Giulio Malavolta
  • Max Planck Institute for Security and Privacy, Bochum, Germany
Justin Raizes
  • Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA

Funding

  • Goyal, Vipul: Research supported by the NSF award 1916939, DARPA SIEVE program, a gift from Ripple, a DoE NETL award, a JP Morgan Faculty Fellowship, a PNC center for financial services innovation award, and a Cylab seed funding award.
  • Raizes, Justin: Research supported by the NSF award 1916939, DARPA SIEVE program, a gift from Ripple, a DoE NETL award, a JP Morgan Faculty Fellowship, a PNC center for financial services innovation award, and a Cylab seed funding award.

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