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Solving Packing Problems with Few Small Items Using Rainbow Matchings

Authors Max Bannach , Sebastian Berndt , Marten Maack , Matthias Mnich , Alexandra Lassota , Malin Rau , Malte Skambath

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Author Details

Max Bannach
  • Institute for Theoretical Computer Science, Universität zu Lübeck, Germany
Sebastian Berndt
  • Institute for IT Security, Universität zu Lübeck, Germany
Marten Maack
  • Department of Computer Science, Universität Kiel, Germany
Matthias Mnich
  • Institut für Algorithmen und Komplexität, TU Hamburg, Germany
Alexandra Lassota
  • Department of Computer Science, Universität Kiel, Germany
Malin Rau
  • Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Inria, Grenoble INP, LIG, France
Malte Skambath
  • Department of Computer Science, Universität Kiel, Germany

Funding

  • Mnich, Matthias: Supported by DFG grants MN 59/1-1 and MN 59/4-1.
  • Lassota, Alexandra: Supported by DFG grant "Strukturaussagen und deren Anwendung in Scheduling- und Packungsprobleme", JA 612/20-1

Acknowledgements

We want to thank Magnus Wahlström for helpful discussions.

Cite AsGet BibTex

Max Bannach, Sebastian Berndt, Marten Maack, Matthias Mnich, Alexandra Lassota, Malin Rau, and Malte Skambath. Solving Packing Problems with Few Small Items Using Rainbow Matchings. In 45th International Symposium on Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science (MFCS 2020). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 170, pp. 11:1-11:14, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2020)
https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.MFCS.2020.11

Abstract

An important area of combinatorial optimization is the study of packing and covering problems, such as Bin Packing, Multiple Knapsack, and Bin Covering. Those problems have been studied extensively from the viewpoint of approximation algorithms, but their parameterized complexity has only been investigated barely. For problem instances containing no "small" items, classical matching algorithms yield optimal solutions in polynomial time. In this paper we approach them by their distance from triviality, measuring the problem complexity by the number k of small items. Our main results are fixed-parameter algorithms for vector versions of Bin Packing, Multiple Knapsack, and Bin Covering parameterized by k. The algorithms are randomized with one-sided error and run in time 4^k⋅ k!⋅ n^{O(1)}. To achieve this, we introduce a colored matching problem to which we reduce all these packing problems. The colored matching problem is natural in itself and we expect it to be useful for other applications. We also present a deterministic fixed-parameter algorithm for Bin Covering with run time O((k!)² ⋅ k ⋅ 2^k ⋅ n log(n)).

Subject Classification

ACM Subject Classification
  • Theory of computation → Fixed parameter tractability
Keywords
  • Bin Packing
  • Knapsack
  • matching
  • fixed-parameter tractable

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