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Achieving Isolation in Mixed-Criticality Industrial Edge Systems with Real-Time Containers (Artifact)

Authors: Marco Barletta, Marcello Cinque, Luigi De Simone, and Raffaele Della Corte

Published in: DARTS, Volume 8, Issue 1, Special Issue of the 34th Euromicro Conference on Real-Time Systems (ECRTS 2022)

Abstract

Real-time containers are a promising solution to reduce latencies in time-sensitive cloud systems. Recent efforts are emerging to extend their usage in industrial edge systems with mixed-criticality constraints. In these contexts, isolation becomes a major concern: a disturbance (such as timing faults or unexpected overloads) affecting a container must not impact the behavior of other containers deployed on the same hardware. In this artifact, we propose a novel architectural solution to achieve isolation in real-time containers, based on real-time co-kernels, hierarchical scheduling, and time-division networking. The architecture has been implemented on Linux patched with the Xenomai co-kernel, extended with a new hierarchical scheduling policy, named SCHED_DS, and integrating the RTNet stack. Experimental results, presented in the related scholarly paper, are promising in terms of overhead and latency compared to other Linux-based solutions. More importantly, the isolation of containers is guaranteed even in presence of severe co-located disturbances, such as faulty tasks (elapsing more time than declared) or high CPU, network, or I/O stress on the same machine.

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Marco Barletta, Marcello Cinque, Luigi De Simone, and Raffaele Della Corte. Achieving Isolation in Mixed-Criticality Industrial Edge Systems with Real-Time Containers (Artifact). In Special Issue of the 34th Euromicro Conference on Real-Time Systems (ECRTS 2022). Dagstuhl Artifacts Series (DARTS), Volume 8, Issue 1, pp. 1:1-1:12, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2022)

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@Article{barletta_et_al:DARTS.8.1.1,
  author =	{Barletta, Marco and Cinque, Marcello and De Simone, Luigi and Della Corte, Raffaele},
  title =	{{Achieving Isolation in Mixed-Criticality Industrial Edge Systems with Real-Time Containers (Artifact)}},
  pages =	{1:1--1:12},
  journal =	{Dagstuhl Artifacts Series},
  ISSN =	{2509-8195},
  year =	{2022},
  volume =	{8},
  number =	{1},
  editor =	{Barletta, Marco and Cinque, Marcello and De Simone, Luigi and Della Corte, Raffaele},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/DARTS.8.1.1},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-164979},
  doi =		{10.4230/DARTS.8.1.1},
  annote =	{Keywords: Real-time, Mixed-criticality, Containers, Edge computing}
}

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DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.ECRTS.2022.15

Achieving Isolation in Mixed-Criticality Industrial Edge Systems with Real-Time Containers

Authors: Marco Barletta, Marcello Cinque, Luigi De Simone, and Raffaele Della Corte

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 231, 34th Euromicro Conference on Real-Time Systems (ECRTS 2022)

Abstract

Real-time containers are a promising solution to reduce latencies in time-sensitive cloud systems. Recent efforts are emerging to extend their usage in industrial edge systems with mixed-criticality constraints. In these contexts, isolation becomes a major concern: a disturbance (such as timing faults or unexpected overloads) affecting a container must not impact the behavior of other containers deployed on the same hardware. In this paper, we propose a novel architectural solution to achieve isolation in real-time containers, based on real-time co-kernels, hierarchical scheduling, and time-division networking. The architecture has been implemented on Linux patched with the Xenomai co-kernel, extended with a new hierarchical scheduling policy, named SCHED_DS, and integrating the RTNet stack. Experimental results are promising in terms of overhead and latency compared to other Linux-based solutions. More importantly, the isolation of containers is guaranteed even in presence of severe co-located disturbances, such as faulty tasks (elapsing more time than declared) or high CPU, network, or I/O stress on the same machine.

Cite as

Marco Barletta, Marcello Cinque, Luigi De Simone, and Raffaele Della Corte. Achieving Isolation in Mixed-Criticality Industrial Edge Systems with Real-Time Containers. In 34th Euromicro Conference on Real-Time Systems (ECRTS 2022). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 231, pp. 15:1-15:23, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2022)

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@InProceedings{barletta_et_al:LIPIcs.ECRTS.2022.15,
  author =	{Barletta, Marco and Cinque, Marcello and De Simone, Luigi and Della Corte, Raffaele},
  title =	{{Achieving Isolation in Mixed-Criticality Industrial Edge Systems with Real-Time Containers}},
  booktitle =	{34th Euromicro Conference on Real-Time Systems (ECRTS 2022)},
  pages =	{15:1--15:23},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-239-6},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2022},
  volume =	{231},
  editor =	{Maggio, Martina},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ECRTS.2022.15},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-163328},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.ECRTS.2022.15},
  annote =	{Keywords: Real-time, Mixed-criticality, Containers, Edge computing}
}

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Achieving Isolation in Mixed-Criticality Industrial Edge Systems with Real-Time Containers (Artifact)

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Achieving Isolation in Mixed-Criticality Industrial Edge Systems with Real-Time Containers

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