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Documents authored by Hirzel, Martin

Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.ECOOP.2025.27
PoTo: A Hybrid Andersen’s Points-To Analysis for Python

Authors: Ingkarat Rak-amnouykit, Ana Milanova, Guillaume Baudart, Martin Hirzel, and Julian Dolby

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 333, 39th European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming (ECOOP 2025)

Abstract
As Python is increasingly being adopted for large and complex programs, the importance of static analysis for Python (such as type inference) grows. Unfortunately, static analysis for Python remains a challenging task due to its dynamic language features and its abundant external libraries. To help fill this gap, this paper presents PoTo, an Andersen-style context-insensitive and flow-insensitive points-to analysis for Python. PoTo addresses Python-specific challenges and works for large programs via a novel hybrid evaluation, integrating traditional static points-to analysis with concrete evaluation in the Python interpreter for external library calls. We evaluate the analysis with two clients: type inference and call graph construction. This paper presents PoTo+, a static type inference for Python built on PoTo. We evaluate PoTo+ and compare it to two state-of-the-art Python type inference techniques: (1) the static rule-based Pytype and (2) the deep-learning based DLInfer. Our results show that PoTo+ outperforms both Pytype and DLInfer on existing Python packages. This paper also presents PoToCG, a call-graph construction analysis for Python built on PoTo. We compare PoToCG to PyCG, the state of the art for this problem, and show that PoTo produces more complete and more precise call graphs.
Cite as

Ingkarat Rak-amnouykit, Ana Milanova, Guillaume Baudart, Martin Hirzel, and Julian Dolby. PoTo: A Hybrid Andersen’s Points-To Analysis for Python. In 39th European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming (ECOOP 2025). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 333, pp. 27:1-27:29, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2025)

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@InProceedings{rakamnouykit_et_al:LIPIcs.ECOOP.2025.27,
  author =	{Rak-amnouykit, Ingkarat and Milanova, Ana and Baudart, Guillaume and Hirzel, Martin and Dolby, Julian},
  title =	{{PoTo: A Hybrid Andersen’s Points-To Analysis for Python}},
  booktitle =	{39th European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming (ECOOP 2025)},
  pages =	{27:1--27:29},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-373-7},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2025},
  volume =	{333},
  editor =	{Aldrich, Jonathan and Silva, Alexandra},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ECOOP.2025.27},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-233194},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.ECOOP.2025.27},
  annote =	{Keywords: Python, Points-to analysis, Machine learning libraries}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/DagRep.7.10.111
Big Stream Processing Systems (Dagstuhl Seminar 17441)

Authors: Tilmann Rabl, Sherif Sakr, and Martin Hirzel

Published in: Dagstuhl Reports, Volume 7, Issue 10 (2018)

Abstract
This report summarizes the Dagstuhl Seminar 17441 on "Big Stream Processing Systems" and documents its talks and discussions. The seminar brought together 29 researchers in various areas related to stream processing including systems, query languages, applications, semantic processing and benchmarking. The seminar program included four tutorials that have been delivered by experts in the various topics in addition to 29 lightening talks by the participants of the seminar. In this report, the abstracts of these talks are documented. Two working groups has been formed during the seminar. A report about the discussion outcomes of each group is presented in this report.
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Tilmann Rabl, Sherif Sakr, and Martin Hirzel. Big Stream Processing Systems (Dagstuhl Seminar 17441). In Dagstuhl Reports, Volume 7, Issue 10, pp. 111-138, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2018)

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@Article{rabl_et_al:DagRep.7.10.111,
  author =	{Rabl, Tilmann and Sakr, Sherif and Hirzel, Martin},
  title =	{{Big Stream Processing Systems (Dagstuhl Seminar 17441)}},
  pages =	{111--138},
  journal =	{Dagstuhl Reports},
  ISSN =	{2192-5283},
  year =	{2018},
  volume =	{7},
  number =	{10},
  editor =	{Rabl, Tilmann and Sakr, Sherif and Hirzel, Martin},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/DagRep.7.10.111},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-86650},
  doi =		{10.4230/DagRep.7.10.111},
  annote =	{Keywords: Big Data,	Big Streams, Stream Processing Systems, Benchmarking, Declarative Programming}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.SNAPL.2017.6
I Can Parse You: Grammars for Dialogs

Authors: Martin Hirzel, Louis Mandel, Avraham Shinnar, Jerome Simeon, and Mandana Vaziri

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 71, 2nd Summit on Advances in Programming Languages (SNAPL 2017)

Abstract
Humans and computers increasingly converse via natural language. Those conversations are moving from today's simple question answering and command-and-control to more complex dialogs. Developers must specify those dialogs. This paper explores how to assist developers in this specification. We map out the staggering variety of applications for human-computer dialogs and distill it into a catalog of flow patterns. Based on that, we articulate the requirements for dialog programming models and offer our vision for satisfying these requirements using grammars. If our approach catches on, computers will soon parse you to better assist you in your daily life.
Cite as

Martin Hirzel, Louis Mandel, Avraham Shinnar, Jerome Simeon, and Mandana Vaziri. I Can Parse You: Grammars for Dialogs. In 2nd Summit on Advances in Programming Languages (SNAPL 2017). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 71, pp. 6:1-6:15, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2017)

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@InProceedings{hirzel_et_al:LIPIcs.SNAPL.2017.6,
  author =	{Hirzel, Martin and Mandel, Louis and Shinnar, Avraham and Simeon, Jerome and Vaziri, Mandana},
  title =	{{I Can Parse You: Grammars for Dialogs}},
  booktitle =	{2nd Summit on Advances in Programming Languages (SNAPL 2017)},
  pages =	{6:1--6:15},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-032-3},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2017},
  volume =	{71},
  editor =	{Lerner, Benjamin S. and Bod{\'\i}k, Rastislav and Krishnamurthi, Shriram},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.SNAPL.2017.6},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-71180},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.SNAPL.2017.6},
  annote =	{Keywords: Bots, virtual agents, dialog managers, domain-specific languages}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/DARTS.1.1.8
A Pattern Calculus for Rule Languages: Expressiveness, Compilation, and Mechanization (Artifact)

Authors: Avraham Shinnar, Jérôme Siméon, and Martin Hirzel

Published in: DARTS, Volume 1, Issue 1, Special Issue of the 29th European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming (ECOOP 2015)

Abstract
This artifact contains the accompanying code for the ECOOP 2015 paper: "A Pattern Calculus for Rule Languages: Expressiveness, Compilation, and Mechanization". It contains source files for a full mechanization of the three languages presented in the paper: CAMP (Calculus for Aggregating Matching Patterns), NRA (Nested Relational Algebra) and NNRC (Named Nested Relational Calculus). Translations between all three languages and their attendant proofs of correctness are included. Additionally, a mechanization of a type system for the main languages is provided, along with bidirectional proofs of type preservation and proofs of the time complexity of the various compilers.
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Avraham Shinnar, Jérôme Siméon, and Martin Hirzel. A Pattern Calculus for Rule Languages: Expressiveness, Compilation, and Mechanization (Artifact). In Special Issue of the 29th European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming (ECOOP 2015). Dagstuhl Artifacts Series (DARTS), Volume 1, Issue 1, pp. 8:1-8:2, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2015)

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@Article{shinnar_et_al:DARTS.1.1.8,
  author =	{Shinnar, Avraham and Sim\'{e}on, J\'{e}r\^{o}me and Hirzel, Martin},
  title =	{{A Pattern Calculus for Rule Languages: Expressiveness, Compilation, and Mechanization (Artifact)}},
  pages =	{8:1--8:2},
  journal =	{Dagstuhl Artifacts Series},
  ISSN =	{2509-8195},
  year =	{2015},
  volume =	{1},
  number =	{1},
  editor =	{Shinnar, Avraham and Sim\'{e}on, J\'{e}r\^{o}me and Hirzel, Martin},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/DARTS.1.1.8},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-55179},
  doi =		{10.4230/DARTS.1.1.8},
  annote =	{Keywords: Rules, Pattern Matching, Aggregation, Nested Queries, Mechanization}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.ECOOP.2015.542
A Pattern Calculus for Rule Languages: Expressiveness, Compilation, and Mechanization

Authors: Avraham Shinnar, Jérôme Siméon, and Martin Hirzel

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 37, 29th European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming (ECOOP 2015)

Abstract
This paper introduces a core calculus for pattern-matching in production rule languages: the Calculus for Aggregating Matching Patterns (CAMP). CAMP is expressive enough to capture modern rule languages such as JRules, including extensions for aggregation. We show how CAMP can be compiled into a nested-relational algebra (NRA), with only minimal extension. This paves the way for applying relational techniques to running rules over large stores. Furthermore, we show that NRA can also be compiled back to CAMP, using named nested-relational calculus (NNRC) as an intermediate step. We mechanize proofs of correctness, program size preservation, and type preservation of the translations using modern theorem-proving techniques. A corollary of the type preservation is that polymorphic type inference for both CAMP and NRA is NP-complete. CAMP and its correspondence to NRA provide the foundations for efficient implementations of rules languages using databases technologies.
Cite as

Avraham Shinnar, Jérôme Siméon, and Martin Hirzel. A Pattern Calculus for Rule Languages: Expressiveness, Compilation, and Mechanization. In 29th European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming (ECOOP 2015). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 37, pp. 542-567, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2015)

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@InProceedings{shinnar_et_al:LIPIcs.ECOOP.2015.542,
  author =	{Shinnar, Avraham and Sim\'{e}on, J\'{e}r\^{o}me and Hirzel, Martin},
  title =	{{A Pattern Calculus for Rule Languages: Expressiveness, Compilation, and Mechanization}},
  booktitle =	{29th European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming (ECOOP 2015)},
  pages =	{542--567},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-939897-86-6},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2015},
  volume =	{37},
  editor =	{Boyland, John Tang},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ECOOP.2015.542},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-52374},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.ECOOP.2015.542},
  annote =	{Keywords: Rules, Pattern Matching, Aggregation, Nested Queries, Mechanization}
}
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