Network Calculus (Dagstuhl Seminar 24141)

Network calculus is a versatile method for analysing queueing systems with applications in Internet Quality of Service (QoS), wireless networks, Ethernet with delay guarantees, real-time systems, and feedback control. Using min-plus or max-plus algebra and deterministic or stochastic bounds, this Dagstuhl Seminar aims to bring together the deterministic and stochastic network calculus community to discuss recent research, future directions, and collaboration. The modelling power of network calculus allows it to represent different systems, making it applicable to a wide variety of queueing problems. Thus, it has been proposed in various contexts for new emerging technologies such as IEEE Time Sensitive Networking (TSN), IETF Deterministic Networking (DetNet), and 5G Ultra-Reliable Low Latency Communications (URLLC), with important applications in factory automation, aerospace onboard, and automotive in-vehicle networks. The two communities of deterministic and stochastic network calculus have grown closer in recent years, for example, as deterministic network calculus results have been incorporated into stochastic network calculus, demonstrating the need for and value of strong collaboration between the communities. Recent developments in network calculus algorithms include modular and optimisation approaches, parallelizable methods that improve performance bounds, machine learning techniques, but also the adaptation of network calculus for design automation and system configuration. This report documents the programme, the new contributions, and the results of Dagstuhl Seminar 24141 "Network Calculus".