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Dagstuhl Reports, Volume 14, Issue 4
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Dagstuhl Reports, Volume 14
Journal: Dagstuhl Reports (DagRep)
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- published at: 2024-10-07
- Publisher: Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik
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Complete Issue
Dagstuhl Reports, Volume 14, Issue 4, April 2024, Complete Issue
Abstract
Dagstuhl Reports, Volume 14, Issue 4, April 2024, Complete Issue
Cite as
Dagstuhl Reports, Volume 14, Issue 4, pp. 1-165, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2024)
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@Article{DagRep.14.4,
title = {{Dagstuhl Reports, Volume 14, Issue 4, April 2024, Complete Issue}},
pages = {1--165},
journal = {Dagstuhl Reports},
ISSN = {2192-5283},
year = {2024},
volume = {14},
number = {4},
publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
address = {Dagstuhl, Germany},
URL = {https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/DagRep.14.4},
URN = {urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-213562},
doi = {10.4230/DagRep.14.4},
annote = {Keywords: Dagstuhl Reports, Volume 14, Issue 4, April 2024, Complete Issue}
}
Document
Front Matter
Dagstuhl Reports, Table of Contents, Volume 14, Issue 4, 2024
Abstract
Dagstuhl Reports, Table of Contents, Volume 14, Issue 4, 2024
Cite as
Dagstuhl Reports, Volume 14, Issue 4, pp. i-ii, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2024)
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@Article{DagRep.14.4.i,
title = {{Dagstuhl Reports, Table of Contents, Volume 14, Issue 4, 2024}},
pages = {i--ii},
journal = {Dagstuhl Reports},
ISSN = {2192-5283},
year = {2024},
volume = {14},
number = {4},
publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
address = {Dagstuhl, Germany},
URL = {https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/DagRep.14.4.i},
URN = {urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-213472},
doi = {10.4230/DagRep.14.4.i},
annote = {Keywords: Table of Contents, Frontmatter}
}
Document
Network Calculus (Dagstuhl Seminar 24141)
Abstract
Network calculus is a versatile method for analysing queueing systems with applications in Internet Quality of Service (QoS), wireless networks, Ethernet with delay guarantees, real-time systems, and feedback control. Using min-plus or max-plus algebra and deterministic or stochastic bounds, this Dagstuhl Seminar aims to bring together the deterministic and stochastic network calculus community to discuss recent research, future directions, and collaboration.
The modelling power of network calculus allows it to represent different systems, making it applicable to a wide variety of queueing problems. Thus, it has been proposed in various contexts for new emerging technologies such as IEEE Time Sensitive Networking (TSN), IETF Deterministic Networking (DetNet), and 5G Ultra-Reliable Low Latency Communications (URLLC), with important applications in factory automation, aerospace onboard, and automotive in-vehicle networks.
The two communities of deterministic and stochastic network calculus have grown closer in recent years, for example, as deterministic network calculus results have been incorporated into stochastic network calculus, demonstrating the need for and value of strong collaboration between the communities.
Recent developments in network calculus algorithms include modular and optimisation approaches, parallelizable methods that improve performance bounds, machine learning techniques, but also the adaptation of network calculus for design automation and system configuration.
This report documents the programme, the new contributions, and the results of Dagstuhl Seminar 24141 "Network Calculus".
Cite as
Steffen Bondorf, Anne Bouillard, Markus Fidler, Jörg Liebeherr, and Lisa Maile. Network Calculus (Dagstuhl Seminar 24141). In Dagstuhl Reports, Volume 14, Issue 4, pp. 1-22, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2024)
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@Article{bondorf_et_al:DagRep.14.4.1,
author = {Bondorf, Steffen and Bouillard, Anne and Fidler, Markus and Liebeherr, J\"{o}rg and Maile, Lisa},
title = {{Network Calculus (Dagstuhl Seminar 24141)}},
pages = {1--22},
journal = {Dagstuhl Reports},
ISSN = {2192-5283},
year = {2024},
volume = {14},
number = {4},
editor = {Bondorf, Steffen and Bouillard, Anne and Fidler, Markus and Liebeherr, J\"{o}rg and Maile, Lisa},
publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
address = {Dagstuhl, Germany},
URL = {https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/DagRep.14.4.1},
URN = {urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-213558},
doi = {10.4230/DagRep.14.4.1},
annote = {Keywords: age of information, effective bandwidths, network calculus, performance evaluation, queueing network}
}
Document
Methods and Tools for the Engineering and Assurance of Safe Autonomous Systems (Dagstuhl Seminar 24151)
Abstract
Autonomous systems rely increasingly on Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) for implementing safety-critical functions. It is widely accepted that the use of AI/ML is disruptive for safety engineering methods and practices. Hence, the problem of safe AI for autonomous systems has received a significant amount of research and industrial attention over the last few years. Over the past decade, multiple approaches and divergent philosophies have appeared in the safety and ML communities. However, real-world events have clearly demonstrated that the safety assurance problem cannot be resolved solely by improving the performance of ML algorithms. Hence, the research communities need to consolidate their efforts in creating methods and tools that enable a holistic approach to safety of autonomous systems. This motivated the topic of our Dagstuhl Seminar - exploring the problem of engineering and safety assurance of autonomous systems from an interdisciplinary perspective. As a result, the discussions of achievements and challenges spanned over a broad range of technological, organizational, ethical and legal topics summarized in this document.
Cite as
Elena Troubitsyna, Ignacio J. Alvarez, Philip Koopman, and Mario Trapp. Methods and Tools for the Engineering and Assurance of Safe Autonomous Systems (Dagstuhl Seminar 24151). In Dagstuhl Reports, Volume 14, Issue 4, pp. 23-41, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2024)
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@Article{troubitsyna_et_al:DagRep.14.4.23,
author = {Troubitsyna, Elena and Alvarez, Ignacio J. and Koopman, Philip and Trapp, Mario},
title = {{Methods and Tools for the Engineering and Assurance of Safe Autonomous Systems (Dagstuhl Seminar 24151)}},
pages = {23--41},
journal = {Dagstuhl Reports},
ISSN = {2192-5283},
year = {2024},
volume = {14},
number = {4},
editor = {Troubitsyna, Elena and Alvarez, Ignacio J. and Koopman, Philip and Trapp, Mario},
publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
address = {Dagstuhl, Germany},
URL = {https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/DagRep.14.4.23},
URN = {urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-213549},
doi = {10.4230/DagRep.14.4.23},
annote = {Keywords: ai, safety assurance, safety-critical autonomous systems, simulation-based verification and validation, software engineering}
}
Document
Research Software Engineering: Bridging Knowledge Gaps (Dagstuhl Seminar 24161)
Abstract
This report documents the program and the outcomes of Dagstuhl Seminar "Research Software Engineering: Bridging Knowledge Gaps" (24161). The seminar brought together participants from the research software engineering and software engineering research communities, as well as experts in research software education and community building to identify knowledge gaps between the two communities, and start collaborations to overcome these gaps. Over the course of five days, participants engaged in learning about each others' work and collaborated in breakout groups on specific topics at the intersection between the two communities. Outputs from the working groups will be collected in a journal special issue and distributed via a dedicated website.
Cite as
Stephan Druskat, Lars Grunske, Caroline Jay, and Daniel S. Katz. Research Software Engineering: Bridging Knowledge Gaps (Dagstuhl Seminar 24161). In Dagstuhl Reports, Volume 14, Issue 4, pp. 42-53, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2024)
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@Article{druskat_et_al:DagRep.14.4.42,
author = {Druskat, Stephan and Grunske, Lars and Jay, Caroline and Katz, Daniel S.},
title = {{Research Software Engineering: Bridging Knowledge Gaps (Dagstuhl Seminar 24161)}},
pages = {42--53},
journal = {Dagstuhl Reports},
ISSN = {2192-5283},
year = {2024},
volume = {14},
number = {4},
editor = {Druskat, Stephan and Grunske, Lars and Jay, Caroline and Katz, Daniel S.},
publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
address = {Dagstuhl, Germany},
URL = {https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/DagRep.14.4.42},
URN = {urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-213530},
doi = {10.4230/DagRep.14.4.42},
annote = {Keywords: community building, Dagstuhl Seminar, knowledge transfer, research software engineering, RSE, software engineering research}
}
Document
Hardware Support for Cloud Database Systems in the Post-Moore’s Law Era (Dagstuhl Seminar 24162)
Abstract
The end of scaling from Moore’s and Dennard’s laws has greatly slowed improvements in CPU speed, RAM capacity, and disk/flash capacity. Meanwhile, cloud database systems, which are the backbone for many large-scale services and applications in the cloud, are continuing to grow exponentially. For example, most of Google’s products that run on the Spanner database have more than a billion users and are continuously growing. Moreover, the growth in data also shows no signs of slowing down, with further orders-of-magnitude increases likely, due to autonomous vehicles, the internet-of-things, and human-driven data creation. Meanwhile, machine learning creates an appetite for data that also needs to be preprocessed using scalable cloud database systems. As a result, cloud database systems are facing a fundamental scalability wall on how to further support this exponential growth given the stagnation in hardware.
While database research has a long tradition of investigating how modern hardware can be leveraged to improve overall system performance - which is also shown by the series of past Dagstuhl Seminars - a more holistic view is required to address the imminent exponential scalability challenge that databases will be facing. However, applying hardware accelerators in a database needs a careful design. In fact, so far, no commercial system has applied hardware accelerators at scale. Unlike other hyper-scale applications such as machine learning training and video processing where accelerators such as GPUs and TPUs circumvent this problem, workloads in cloud database systems are typically not compute-bound and thus benefit less or not at all from such existing accelerators. This Dagstuhl Seminar thus aimed to bring together leading researchers and practitioners from database systems, hardware architecture, and storage systems to rethink, from the ground up, how to co-design database systems and compute/storage hardware. By uniting experts across these disciplines, the seminar sought to identify the architectural changes and system designs that could enable the order-of-magnitude improvements required for the next generation of applications.
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David F. Bacon, Carsten Binnig, David Patterson, and Margo Seltzer. Hardware Support for Cloud Database Systems in the Post-Moore’s Law Era (Dagstuhl Seminar 24162). In Dagstuhl Reports, Volume 14, Issue 4, pp. 54-84, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2024)
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@Article{bacon_et_al:DagRep.14.4.54,
author = {Bacon, David F. and Binnig, Carsten and Patterson, David and Seltzer, Margo},
title = {{Hardware Support for Cloud Database Systems in the Post-Moore’s Law Era (Dagstuhl Seminar 24162)}},
pages = {54--84},
journal = {Dagstuhl Reports},
ISSN = {2192-5283},
year = {2024},
volume = {14},
number = {4},
editor = {Bacon, David F. and Binnig, Carsten and Patterson, David and Seltzer, Margo},
publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
address = {Dagstuhl, Germany},
URL = {https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/DagRep.14.4.54},
URN = {urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-213521},
doi = {10.4230/DagRep.14.4.54},
annote = {Keywords: Databases, Modern Hardware, Cloud}
}
Document
Automated Synthesis: Functional, Reactive and Beyond (Dagstuhl Seminar 24171)
Abstract
This report summarizes the program of Dagstuhl Seminar 24171 on "Automated Synthesis: Functional, Reactive and Beyond". The seminar brought together researchers working on different aspects of functional synthesis and investigated its relationship with reactive synthesis. Through multiple expository tutorials, diverse technical talks, and multiple open discussion sessions, the seminar crystallized the current challenges for theory and tools in this area and opened fresh directions towards new applications.
Cite as
S. Akshay, Bernd Finkbeiner, Kuldeep S. Meel, Ruzica Piskac, and Arijit Shaw. Automated Synthesis: Functional, Reactive and Beyond (Dagstuhl Seminar 24171). In Dagstuhl Reports, Volume 14, Issue 4, pp. 85-107, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2024)
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@Article{akshay_et_al:DagRep.14.4.85,
author = {Akshay, S. and Finkbeiner, Bernd and Meel, Kuldeep S. and Piskac, Ruzica and Shaw, Arijit},
title = {{Automated Synthesis: Functional, Reactive and Beyond (Dagstuhl Seminar 24171)}},
pages = {85--107},
journal = {Dagstuhl Reports},
ISSN = {2192-5283},
year = {2024},
volume = {14},
number = {4},
editor = {Akshay, S. and Finkbeiner, Bernd and Meel, Kuldeep S. and Piskac, Ruzica and Shaw, Arijit},
publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
address = {Dagstuhl, Germany},
URL = {https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/DagRep.14.4.85},
URN = {urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-213515},
doi = {10.4230/DagRep.14.4.85},
annote = {Keywords: automated synthesis, boolean functions, knowledge representations, reactive synthesis, SAT/SMT solvers}
}
Document
Code Search (Dagstuhl Seminar 24172)
Abstract
This report documents the program and the outcomes of Dagstuhl Seminar "Code Search" (24172). The seminar brought together researchers and practitioners working on techniques that enable software developers to find code and artifacts related to code. The participants discussed the state of the art in code search, identified open problems, and discussed future directions for research and practice. The seminar was structured with keynote talks, short talks, and breakout groups. Breakout groups identified how researchers can situate their code search research in terms of the targeted user groups, the access point for the developer, and the stage of software development that is most relevant to the code search tasks. Synergies between generative AI and Code Search were discussed, concluding that for some users and some tasks, generative AI can work with Code Search to enhance the developer experience and effectiveness. For other tasks, code search without generative AI would be more effective because of concerns regarding data provenance, update frequency, privacy, and the need for correctness.
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Satish Chandra, Michael Pradel, and Kathryn T. Stolee. Code Search (Dagstuhl Seminar 24172). In Dagstuhl Reports, Volume 14, Issue 4, pp. 108-123, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2024)
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@Article{chandra_et_al:DagRep.14.4.108,
author = {Chandra, Satish and Pradel, Michael and Stolee, Kathryn T.},
title = {{Code Search (Dagstuhl Seminar 24172)}},
pages = {108--123},
journal = {Dagstuhl Reports},
ISSN = {2192-5283},
year = {2024},
volume = {14},
number = {4},
editor = {Chandra, Satish and Pradel, Michael and Stolee, Kathryn T.},
publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
address = {Dagstuhl, Germany},
URL = {https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/DagRep.14.4.108},
URN = {urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-213505},
doi = {10.4230/DagRep.14.4.108},
annote = {Keywords: code reuse, code search}
}
Document
Computational Metabolomics: Towards Molecules, Models, and their Meaning (Dagstuhl Seminar 24181)
Abstract
Dagstuhl Seminar "Computational Metabolomics: Towards Molecules, Models, and their Meaning," (24181) is the fifth edition of the Computational Metabolomics seminars. Experts in fields ranging from cheminformatics, computer science, bioinformatics, analytical chemistry, and epidemiology attended to address the current state and future directions of this multi-disciplinary field. Specific topics of discussion were decided by participants but largely revolved around the seminar’s titular themes of molecules (i.e., utilizing and annotating individual metabolites for use in models), models (i.e., generating systems from which to derive meaning), and meaning (i.e., deriving actionable insights to further understanding of biological systems). New to this seminar, topics of education and training, as well as the use of large language models to enhance access to resources, were also discussed. Participants identified community needs for a balance of standardization and flexibility in realms of repository-scale data deposition and analysis, spectral library generation, automation best practices, and biological pathway interpretation. Participants also identified a number of action items toward these ends, fostering international collaborations among them. For example, one topic evolved around creating a benchmarking dataset for structure annotation based on MS/MS spectral data. Discussions represented balanced perspectives, thanks to varied session facilitators and active participation of all members. The report contained herein reflects highlights of each session, including informal evening sessions and ideas for future directions.
Cite as
Timothy M. D. Ebbels, Soha Hassoun, Ewy A. Mathé, Justin J. J. van der Hooft, and Haley Chatelaine. Computational Metabolomics: Towards Molecules, Models, and their Meaning (Dagstuhl Seminar 24181). In Dagstuhl Reports, Volume 14, Issue 4, pp. 124-141, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2024)
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@Article{ebbels_et_al:DagRep.14.4.124,
author = {Ebbels, Timothy M. D. and Hassoun, Soha and Math\'{e}, Ewy A. and van der Hooft, Justin J. J. and Chatelaine, Haley},
title = {{Computational Metabolomics: Towards Molecules, Models, and their Meaning (Dagstuhl Seminar 24181)}},
pages = {124--141},
journal = {Dagstuhl Reports},
ISSN = {2192-5283},
year = {2024},
volume = {14},
number = {4},
editor = {Ebbels, Timothy M. D. and Hassoun, Soha and Math\'{e}, Ewy A. and van der Hooft, Justin J. J. and Chatelaine, Haley},
publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
address = {Dagstuhl, Germany},
URL = {https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/DagRep.14.4.124},
URN = {urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-213492},
doi = {10.4230/DagRep.14.4.124},
annote = {Keywords: bioinformatics, cheminformatics, data integration, machine learning, mass spectrometry, metabolite identification, metabolomics, pathway analysis, repository-scale analysis, training and education}
}
Document
Resilience and Antifragility of Autonomous Systems (Dagstuhl Seminar 24182)
Abstract
In healthcare, transportation, manufacturing, and many other domains, autonomous systems have the potential to undertake or support complex missions that are dangerous, difficult, or tedious for humans. However, to achieve this potential, autonomous systems must be resilient: they must continue to provide the required functionality despite the anticipated and unforeseen disturbances encountered within their operating environments. This ability to achieve user goals in open-world environments can be further increased by making autonomous systems antifragile. Antifragile systems benefit from exposure to uncertainty and disturbances, by learning from encounters with such difficulties, so that they can handle their future occurrences faster, more efficiently, with lower user impact, etc. This Dagstuhl Seminar brought together leading researchers and practitioners with expertise in autonomous system resilience, antifragility, safety and ethics, self-adaptive systems, and formal methods, with the aim to: (1) develop and document a common understanding of resilient and antifragile autonomous systems (RAAS); (2) identify open challenges for RAAS; (3) discuss promising preliminary approaches; and (4) propose a research agenda for addressing these challenges.
Cite as
Simon Burton, Radu Calinescu, and Raffaela Mirandola. Resilience and Antifragility of Autonomous Systems (Dagstuhl Seminar 24182). In Dagstuhl Reports, Volume 14, Issue 4, pp. 142-163, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2024)
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@Article{burton_et_al:DagRep.14.4.142,
author = {Burton, Simon and Calinescu, Radu and Mirandola, Raffaela},
title = {{Resilience and Antifragility of Autonomous Systems (Dagstuhl Seminar 24182)}},
pages = {142--163},
journal = {Dagstuhl Reports},
ISSN = {2192-5283},
year = {2024},
volume = {14},
number = {4},
editor = {Burton, Simon and Calinescu, Radu and Mirandola, Raffaela},
publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
address = {Dagstuhl, Germany},
URL = {https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/DagRep.14.4.142},
URN = {urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-213482},
doi = {10.4230/DagRep.14.4.142},
annote = {Keywords: artificial intelligence, antifragility, autonomous systems, disturbance, ethics, formal methods, machine learning, nondeterminism, resilience, safety, self-adaptive systems, validation and verification, uncertainty}
}