Categories equivalent to single-sorted varieties of finitary algebras were characterized in the famous dissertation of Lawvere. We present a new proof of a slightly sharpened version: those are precisely the categories with kernel pairs and reflexive coequalizers having an abstractly finite, effective strong generator. A completely analogous result is proved for varieties of many-sorted algebras provided that there are only finitely many sorts. In case of infinitely many sorts a slightly weaker result is presented: instead of being abstractly finite, the generator is required to consist of finitely presentable objects.
@InProceedings{adamek_et_al:LIPIcs.CALCO.2021.6, author = {Ad\'{a}mek, Ji\v{r}{\'\i} and Rosick\'{y}, Ji\v{r}{\'\i}}, title = {{Which Categories Are Varieties?}}, booktitle = {9th Conference on Algebra and Coalgebra in Computer Science (CALCO 2021)}, pages = {6:1--6:14}, series = {Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)}, ISBN = {978-3-95977-212-9}, ISSN = {1868-8969}, year = {2021}, volume = {211}, editor = {Gadducci, Fabio and Silva, Alexandra}, publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik}, address = {Dagstuhl, Germany}, URL = {https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.CALCO.2021.6}, URN = {urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-153610}, doi = {10.4230/LIPIcs.CALCO.2021.6}, annote = {Keywords: variety, many-sorted algebra, abstractly finite object, effective object, strong generator} }
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