Efficient Fréchet Distance Queries for Segments

Authors Maike Buchin, Ivor van der Hoog, Tim Ophelders, Lena Schlipf, Rodrigo I. Silveira, Frank Staals



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Author Details

Maike Buchin
  • Ruhr Universität Bochum, Germany
Ivor van der Hoog
  • Utrecht University, The Netherlands
Tim Ophelders
  • Utrecht University, The Netherlands
  • TU Eindhoven, The Netherlands
Lena Schlipf
  • Universität Tübingen, Germany
Rodrigo I. Silveira
  • Polytechnic University of Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain
Frank Staals
  • Utrecht University, The Netherlands

Acknowledgements

This work started at Dagstuhl workshop 19352, "Computation in Low-Dimensional Geometry and Topology." We thank Dagstuhl, the organizers, and the other participants for a stimulating workshop.

Cite AsGet BibTex

Maike Buchin, Ivor van der Hoog, Tim Ophelders, Lena Schlipf, Rodrigo I. Silveira, and Frank Staals. Efficient Fréchet Distance Queries for Segments. In 30th Annual European Symposium on Algorithms (ESA 2022). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 244, pp. 29:1-29:14, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2022)
https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.ESA.2022.29

Abstract

We study the problem of constructing a data structure that can store a two-dimensional polygonal curve P, such that for any query segment ab one can efficiently compute the Fréchet distance between P and ab. First we present a data structure of size O(n log n) that can compute the Fréchet distance between P and a horizontal query segment ab in O(log n) time, where n is the number of vertices of P. In comparison to prior work, this significantly reduces the required space. We extend the type of queries allowed, as we allow a query to be a horizontal segment ab together with two points s, t ∈ P (not necessarily vertices), and ask for the Fréchet distance between ab and the curve of P in between s and t. Using O(nlog²n) storage, such queries take O(log³ n) time, simplifying and significantly improving previous results. We then generalize our results to query segments of arbitrary orientation. We present an O(nk^{3+ε}+n²) size data structure, where k ∈ [1,n] is a parameter the user can choose, and ε > 0 is an arbitrarily small constant, such that given any segment ab and two points s, t ∈ P we can compute the Fréchet distance between ab and the curve of P in between s and t in O((n/k)log²n+log⁴ n) time. This is the first result that allows efficient exact Fréchet distance queries for arbitrarily oriented segments. We also present two applications of our data structure. First, we show that our data structure allows us to compute a local δ-simplification (with respect to the Fréchet distance) of a polygonal curve in O(n^{5/2+ε}) time, improving a previous O(n³) time algorithm. Second, we show that we can efficiently find a translation of an arbitrary query segment ab that minimizes the Fréchet distance with respect to a subcurve of P.

Subject Classification

ACM Subject Classification
  • Theory of computation → Computational geometry
Keywords
  • Computational Geometry
  • Data Structures
  • Fréchet distance

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