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Parameterised and Fine-Grained Subgraph Counting, Modulo 2

Authors Leslie Ann Goldberg, Marc Roth

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Leslie Ann Goldberg
  • Department of Computer Science, University of Oxford, UK
Marc Roth
  • Department of Computer Science, University of Oxford, UK

Acknowledgements

We want to thank Radu Curticapean, Holger Dell and Thore Husfeldt for insightful discussions on an early draft of this work.

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Leslie Ann Goldberg and Marc Roth. Parameterised and Fine-Grained Subgraph Counting, Modulo 2. In 50th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming (ICALP 2023). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 261, pp. 68:1-68:17, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2023)
https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.ICALP.2023.68

Abstract

Given a class of graphs ℋ, the problem ⊕Sub(ℋ) is defined as follows. The input is a graph H ∈ ℋ together with an arbitrary graph G. The problem is to compute, modulo 2, the number of subgraphs of G that are isomorphic to H. The goal of this research is to determine for which classes ℋ the problem ⊕Sub(ℋ) is fixed-parameter tractable (FPT), i.e., solvable in time f(|H|)⋅|G|^O(1). Curticapean, Dell, and Husfeldt (ESA 2021) conjectured that ⊕Sub(ℋ) is FPT if and only if the class of allowed patterns ℋ is matching splittable, which means that for some fixed B, every H ∈ ℋ can be turned into a matching (a graph in which every vertex has degree at most 1) by removing at most B vertices. Assuming the randomised Exponential Time Hypothesis, we prove their conjecture for (I) all hereditary pattern classes ℋ, and (II) all tree pattern classes, i.e., all classes ℋ such that every H ∈ ℋ is a tree. We also establish almost tight fine-grained upper and lower bounds for the case of hereditary patterns (I).

Subject Classification

ACM Subject Classification
  • Theory of computation → Problems, reductions and completeness
  • Mathematics of computing → Discrete mathematics
Keywords
  • modular counting
  • parameterised complexity
  • fine-grained complexity
  • subgraph counting

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