Let G be an intersection graph of n geometric objects in the plane. We show that a maximum matching in G can be found in O(ρ^{3ω/2}n^{ω/2}) time with high probability, where ρ is the density of the geometric objects and ω>2 is a constant such that n × n matrices can be multiplied in O(n^ω) time. The same result holds for any subgraph of G, as long as a geometric representation is at hand. For this, we combine algebraic methods, namely computing the rank of a matrix via Gaussian elimination, with the fact that geometric intersection graphs have small separators. We also show that in many interesting cases, the maximum matching problem in a general geometric intersection graph can be reduced to the case of bounded density. In particular, a maximum matching in the intersection graph of any family of translates of a convex object in the plane can be found in O(n^{ω/2}) time with high probability, and a maximum matching in the intersection graph of a family of planar disks with radii in [1, Ψ] can be found in O(Ψ⁶log^11 n + Ψ^{12 ω} n^{ω/2}) time with high probability.
@InProceedings{bonnet_et_al:LIPIcs.STACS.2020.31, author = {Bonnet, \'{E}douard and Cabello, Sergio and Mulzer, Wolfgang}, title = {{Maximum Matchings in Geometric Intersection Graphs}}, booktitle = {37th International Symposium on Theoretical Aspects of Computer Science (STACS 2020)}, pages = {31:1--31:17}, series = {Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)}, ISBN = {978-3-95977-140-5}, ISSN = {1868-8969}, year = {2020}, volume = {154}, editor = {Paul, Christophe and Bl\"{a}ser, Markus}, publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik}, address = {Dagstuhl, Germany}, URL = {https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.STACS.2020.31}, URN = {urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-118926}, doi = {10.4230/LIPIcs.STACS.2020.31}, annote = {Keywords: computational geometry, geometric intersection graph, maximum matching, disk graph, unit-disk graph} }
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