9 Search Results for "Cruz, João"


Document
Determining Programming Languages Complexity and Its Impact on Processing

Authors: Gonçalo Rodrigues Pinto, Pedro Rangel Henriques, Daniela da Cruz, and João Cruz

Published in: OASIcs, Volume 104, 11th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2022)


Abstract
Tools for Programming Languages processing, like Static Analysers (for instance, a Static Application Security Testing (SAST) tool), must be adapted to cope with a different input when the source programming language changes. Complexity of the programming language is one of the key factors that deeply impact the time of giving support to it. This paper aims at proposing an approach for assessing language complexity, measuring, at a first stage, the complexity of its underlying context-free grammar (CFG). From the analysis of concrete case studies, factors have been identified that make the support process more time-consuming, in particular in the stages of language recognition and in the transformation to an abstract syntax tree (AST). In this sense, at a second stage, a set of language characteristics is analysed in order to take into account the referred factors that also impact on the language processing. The principal goal of the project here reported is to help development teams to improve the estimation of time and effort needed to cope with a new programming language. In the paper a tool is proposed, and its prototype is presented, that allows the evaluation of the complexity of a language based on a set of metrics to classify the complexity of its grammar, along with a set of properties. The tool compares the new language complexity so far determined with previously supported languages, to predict the effort to process the new language.

Cite as

Gonçalo Rodrigues Pinto, Pedro Rangel Henriques, Daniela da Cruz, and João Cruz. Determining Programming Languages Complexity and Its Impact on Processing. In 11th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2022). Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 104, pp. 16:1-16:15, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2022)


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@InProceedings{pinto_et_al:OASIcs.SLATE.2022.16,
  author =	{Pinto, Gon\c{c}alo Rodrigues and Henriques, Pedro Rangel and da Cruz, Daniela and Cruz, Jo\~{a}o},
  title =	{{Determining Programming Languages Complexity and Its Impact on Processing}},
  booktitle =	{11th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2022)},
  pages =	{16:1--16:15},
  series =	{Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-245-7},
  ISSN =	{2190-6807},
  year =	{2022},
  volume =	{104},
  editor =	{Cordeiro, Jo\~{a}o and Pereira, Maria Jo\~{a}o and Rodrigues, Nuno F. and Pais, Sebasti\~{a}o},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2022.16},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-167620},
  doi =		{10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2022.16},
  annote =	{Keywords: Complexity, Grammar, Language-based-Tool, Programming Language, Static code analysis}
}
Document
Choosing Grammars to Support Language Processing Courses

Authors: Maria João Varanda Pereira, Nuno Oliveira, Daniela da Cruz, and Pedro Rangel Henriques

Published in: OASIcs, Volume 29, 2nd Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (2013)


Abstract
Teaching Language Processing courses is a hard task. The level of abstraction inherent to some of the basic concepts in the area and the technical skills required to implement efficient processors are responsible for the number of students that do not learn the subject and do not succeed to finish the course. In this paper we intend to list the main concepts involved in Language Processing subject, and identify the skills required to learn them. In this context, it is feasible to identify the difficulties that lead students to fail. This enables us to suggest some pragmatic ways to overcome those troubles. We will focus on the grammars suitable to motivate students and help them to learn easily the basic concepts. After identifying the characteristics of such grammars, some examples are presented to make concrete and clear our proposal. The contribution of this paper is the systematic way we approach the process of teaching Language Processing courses towards a successful learning activity.

Cite as

Maria João Varanda Pereira, Nuno Oliveira, Daniela da Cruz, and Pedro Rangel Henriques. Choosing Grammars to Support Language Processing Courses. In 2nd Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies. Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 29, pp. 155-168, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2013)


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@InProceedings{pereira_et_al:OASIcs.SLATE.2013.155,
  author =	{Pereira, Maria Jo\~{a}o Varanda and Oliveira, Nuno and Cruz, Daniela da and Henriques, Pedro Rangel},
  title =	{{Choosing Grammars to Support Language Processing Courses}},
  booktitle =	{2nd Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies},
  pages =	{155--168},
  series =	{Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-939897-52-1},
  ISSN =	{2190-6807},
  year =	{2013},
  volume =	{29},
  editor =	{Leal, Jos\'{e} Paulo and Rocha, Ricardo and Sim\~{o}es, Alberto},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2013.155},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-40369},
  doi =		{10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2013.155},
  annote =	{Keywords: Teaching Language Processing, Domain Specific Languages, Grammars}
}
Document
Mode-Directed Tabling and Applications in the YapTab System

Authors: João Santos and Ricardo Rocha

Published in: OASIcs, Volume 21, 1st Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (2012)


Abstract
Tabling is an implementation technique that solves some limitations of Prolog's operational semantics in dealing with recursion and redundant sub-computations. Tabling works by memorizing generated answers and then by reusing them on similar calls that appear during the resolution process. In a traditional tabling system, all the arguments of a tabled subgoal call are considered when storing answers into the table space. Traditional tabling systems are thus very good for problems that require finding all answers. Mode-directed tabling is an extension to the tabling technique that supports the definition of selective criteria for specifying how answers are inserted into the table space. Implementations of mode-directed tabling are already available in systems like ALS-Prolog, B-Prolog and XSB. In this paper, we propose a more general approach to the declaration and use of mode-directed tabling, implemented on top of the YapTab tabling system, and we show applications of our approach to problems involving Justification, Preferences and Answer Subsumption.

Cite as

João Santos and Ricardo Rocha. Mode-Directed Tabling and Applications in the YapTab System. In 1st Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies. Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 21, pp. 25-40, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2012)


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@InProceedings{santos_et_al:OASIcs.SLATE.2012.25,
  author =	{Santos, Jo\~{a}o and Rocha, Ricardo},
  title =	{{Mode-Directed Tabling and Applications in the YapTab System}},
  booktitle =	{1st Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies},
  pages =	{25--40},
  series =	{Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-939897-40-8},
  ISSN =	{2190-6807},
  year =	{2012},
  volume =	{21},
  editor =	{Sim\~{o}es, Alberto and Queir\'{o}s, Ricardo and da Cruz, Daniela},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2012.25},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-35123},
  doi =		{10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2012.25},
  annote =	{Keywords: Tabling, Mode Operators, Applications}
}
Document
Generating flex Lexical Scanners for Perl Parse::Yapp

Authors: Alberto Simões, Nuno Ramos Carvalho, and José João Almeida

Published in: OASIcs, Volume 21, 1st Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (2012)


Abstract
Perl is known for its versatile regular expressions. Nevertheless, using Perl regular expressions for creating fast lexical analyzer is not easy. As an alternative, the authors defend the automated generation of the lexical analyzer in a well known fast application (flex) based on a simple Perl definition in the syntactic analyzer. In this paper we extend the syntax used by Parse::Yapp, one of the most used parser generators for Perl, making the automatic generation of flex lexical scanners possible. We explain how this is performed and conclude with some benchmarks that show the relevance of the approach.

Cite as

Alberto Simões, Nuno Ramos Carvalho, and José João Almeida. Generating flex Lexical Scanners for Perl Parse::Yapp. In 1st Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies. Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 21, pp. 41-50, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2012)


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@InProceedings{simoes_et_al:OASIcs.SLATE.2012.41,
  author =	{Sim\~{o}es, Alberto and Carvalho, Nuno Ramos and Almeida, Jos\'{e} Jo\~{a}o},
  title =	{{Generating flex Lexical Scanners for Perl Parse::Yapp}},
  booktitle =	{1st Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies},
  pages =	{41--50},
  series =	{Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-939897-40-8},
  ISSN =	{2190-6807},
  year =	{2012},
  volume =	{21},
  editor =	{Sim\~{o}es, Alberto and Queir\'{o}s, Ricardo and da Cruz, Daniela},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2012.41},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-35133},
  doi =		{10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2012.41},
  annote =	{Keywords: flex, Perl, yapp, lexical analyzer}
}
Document
A Purely Functional Combinator Language for Software Quality Assessment

Authors: Pedro Martins, João Paulo Fernandes, and João Saraiva

Published in: OASIcs, Volume 21, 1st Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (2012)


Abstract
Quality assessment of open source software is becoming an important and active research area. One of the reasons for this recent interest is the consequence of Internet popularity. Nowadays, programming also involves looking for the large set of open source libraries and tools that may be reused when developing our software applications. In order to reuse such open source software artifacts, programmers not only need the guarantee that the reused artifact is certified, but also that independently developed artifacts can be easily combined into a coherent piece of software. In this paper we describe a domain specific language that allows programmers to describe in an abstract level how software artifacts can be combined into powerful software certification processes. This domain specific language is the building block of a web-based, open-source software certification portal. This paper introduces the embedding of such domain specific language as combinator library written in the Haskell programming language. The semantics of this language is expressed via attribute grammars that are embedded in Haskell, which provide a modular and incremental setting to define the combination of software artifacts.

Cite as

Pedro Martins, João Paulo Fernandes, and João Saraiva. A Purely Functional Combinator Language for Software Quality Assessment. In 1st Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies. Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 21, pp. 51-69, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2012)


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@InProceedings{martins_et_al:OASIcs.SLATE.2012.51,
  author =	{Martins, Pedro and Fernandes, Jo\~{a}o Paulo and Saraiva, Jo\~{a}o},
  title =	{{A Purely Functional Combinator Language for Software Quality Assessment}},
  booktitle =	{1st Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies},
  pages =	{51--69},
  series =	{Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-939897-40-8},
  ISSN =	{2190-6807},
  year =	{2012},
  volume =	{21},
  editor =	{Sim\~{o}es, Alberto and Queir\'{o}s, Ricardo and da Cruz, Daniela},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2012.51},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-35149},
  doi =		{10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2012.51},
  annote =	{Keywords: Process Management, Combinators, Attribute Grammars, Functional Programming}
}
Document
Problem Domain Oriented Approach for Program Comprehension

Authors: Maria João Varanda Pereira, Mario Marcelo Beron, Daniela da Cruz, Nuno Oliveira, and Pedro Rangel Henriques

Published in: OASIcs, Volume 21, 1st Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (2012)


Abstract
This paper is concerned with an ontology driven approach for Program Comprehension that starts picking up concepts from the problem domain ontology, analyzing source code and, after locating problem concepts in the code, goes up and links them to the programming language ontology. Different location techniques are used to search for concepts embedded in comments, in the code (identifier names and execution traces), and in string-literals associated with I/O statements. The expected result is a mapping between problem domain concepts and code slices. This mapping can be visualized using graph-based approaches like, for instance, navigation facilities through a System Dependency Graph. The paper also describes a PCTool suite, Quixote, that implements the approach proposed.

Cite as

Maria João Varanda Pereira, Mario Marcelo Beron, Daniela da Cruz, Nuno Oliveira, and Pedro Rangel Henriques. Problem Domain Oriented Approach for Program Comprehension. In 1st Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies. Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 21, pp. 91-105, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2012)


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@InProceedings{varandapereira_et_al:OASIcs.SLATE.2012.91,
  author =	{Varanda Pereira, Maria Jo\~{a}o and Beron, Mario Marcelo and da Cruz, Daniela and Oliveira, Nuno and Henriques, Pedro Rangel},
  title =	{{Problem Domain Oriented Approach for Program Comprehension}},
  booktitle =	{1st Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies},
  pages =	{91--105},
  series =	{Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-939897-40-8},
  ISSN =	{2190-6807},
  year =	{2012},
  volume =	{21},
  editor =	{Sim\~{o}es, Alberto and Queir\'{o}s, Ricardo and da Cruz, Daniela},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2012.91},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-35161},
  doi =		{10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2012.91},
  annote =	{Keywords: Program Comprehension, Ontology-based SW development, Problem and Program domain mapping, Code Analysis. Software Visualization}
}
Document
Predicting Market Direction from Direct Speech by Business Leaders

Authors: Brett M. Drury and José João Almeida

Published in: OASIcs, Volume 21, 1st Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (2012)


Abstract
Direct quotations from business leaders can communicate to the wider public the latent state of their organization as well as the beliefs of the organization's leaders. Candid quotes from business leaders can have dramatic effects upon the share price of their organization. For example, Gerald Ratner in 1991 stated that his company's products were crap and consequently his company (Ratners) lost in excess of 500 million pounds in market value. Information in quotes from business leaders can be used to make an estimation of the organization's immediate future financial prospects and therefore can form part of a trading strategy. This paper describes a contextual classification strategy to label direct quotes from business leaders contained in news stories. The quotes are labelled as either: 1. positive, 2. negative or 3. neutral. A trading strategy aggregates the quote classifications to issue a buy, sell or hold instruction. The quote based trading strategy is evaluated against trading strategies which are based upon whole news story classification on the NASDAQ market index. The evaluation shows a clear advantage for the quote classification strategy over the competing strategies.

Cite as

Brett M. Drury and José João Almeida. Predicting Market Direction from Direct Speech by Business Leaders. In 1st Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies. Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 21, pp. 163-172, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2012)


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@InProceedings{drury_et_al:OASIcs.SLATE.2012.163,
  author =	{Drury, Brett M. and Almeida, Jos\'{e} Jo\~{a}o},
  title =	{{Predicting Market Direction from Direct Speech by Business Leaders}},
  booktitle =	{1st Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies},
  pages =	{163--172},
  series =	{Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-939897-40-8},
  ISSN =	{2190-6807},
  year =	{2012},
  volume =	{21},
  editor =	{Sim\~{o}es, Alberto and Queir\'{o}s, Ricardo and da Cruz, Daniela},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2012.163},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-35215},
  doi =		{10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2012.163},
  annote =	{Keywords: Sentiment, Direct Speech, Trading, Business, Markets}
}
Document
Learning Spaces for Knowledge Generation

Authors: Nuno Oliveira, Maria João Varanda Pereira, Alda Lopes Gancarski, and Pedro Rangel Henriques

Published in: OASIcs, Volume 21, 1st Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (2012)


Abstract
As the Internet is becoming the main point for information access, Libraries, Museums and similar Institutions are preserving their collections as digital object repositories. In that way, the important information associated with digital objects may be delivered as Internet content over portals equipped with modern interfaces and navigation features. This enables the virtualization of real information exhibition spaces rising new learning paradigms. Geny is a project aiming at defining domain-specific languages and developing tools to generate web-based learning spaces from existent digital object repositories and associated semantic. The motto for Geny is "Generating learning spaces to generate knowledge". Our objective within this project is to use (i) ontologies - one to give semantics to the digital object repository and another to describe the information to exhibit - and (ii) special languages to define the exhibition space, to enable the automatic construction of the learning space supported by a web browser. This paper presents the proposal of the Geny project along with a review of the state of the art concerning learning spaces and their virtualization. Geny is, currently, under appreciation by Fundação para a Ciêencia e a Tecnologia (FCT), the main Portuguese scientific funding institution.

Cite as

Nuno Oliveira, Maria João Varanda Pereira, Alda Lopes Gancarski, and Pedro Rangel Henriques. Learning Spaces for Knowledge Generation. In 1st Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies. Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 21, pp. 175-184, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2012)


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@InProceedings{oliveira_et_al:OASIcs.SLATE.2012.175,
  author =	{Oliveira, Nuno and Varanda Pereira, Maria Jo\~{a}o and Gancarski, Alda Lopes and Henriques, Pedro Rangel},
  title =	{{Learning Spaces for Knowledge Generation}},
  booktitle =	{1st Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies},
  pages =	{175--184},
  series =	{Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-939897-40-8},
  ISSN =	{2190-6807},
  year =	{2012},
  volume =	{21},
  editor =	{Sim\~{o}es, Alberto and Queir\'{o}s, Ricardo and da Cruz, Daniela},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2012.175},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-35228},
  doi =		{10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2012.175},
  annote =	{Keywords: Learning Spaces, Knowledge Acquisition, Digital Object Repositories, Ontology-based semantic Web-pages Generation}
}
Document
Probabilistic SynSet Based Concept Location

Authors: Nuno Ramos Carvalho, José João Almeida, Maria João Varanda Pereira, and Pedro Rangel Henriques

Published in: OASIcs, Volume 21, 1st Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (2012)


Abstract
Concept location is a common task in program comprehension techniques, essential in many approaches used for software care and software evolution. An important goal of this process is to discover a mapping between source code and human oriented concepts. Although programs are written in a strict and formal language, natural language terms and sentences like identifiers (variables or functions names), constant strings or comments, can still be found embedded in programs. Using terminology concepts and natural language processing techniques these terms can be exploited to discover clues about which real world concepts source code is addressing. This work extends symbol tables build by compilers with ontology driven constructs, extends synonym sets defined by linguistics, with automatically created Probabilistic SynSets from software domain parallel corpora. And using a relational algebra, creates semantic bridges between program elements and human oriented concepts, to enhance concept location tasks.

Cite as

Nuno Ramos Carvalho, José João Almeida, Maria João Varanda Pereira, and Pedro Rangel Henriques. Probabilistic SynSet Based Concept Location. In 1st Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies. Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 21, pp. 239-253, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2012)


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@InProceedings{carvalho_et_al:OASIcs.SLATE.2012.239,
  author =	{Carvalho, Nuno Ramos and Almeida, Jos\'{e} Jo\~{a}o and Varanda Pereira, Maria Jo\~{a}o and Henriques, Pedro Rangel},
  title =	{{Probabilistic SynSet Based Concept Location}},
  booktitle =	{1st Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies},
  pages =	{239--253},
  series =	{Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-939897-40-8},
  ISSN =	{2190-6807},
  year =	{2012},
  volume =	{21},
  editor =	{Sim\~{o}es, Alberto and Queir\'{o}s, Ricardo and da Cruz, Daniela},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2012.239},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-35267},
  doi =		{10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2012.239},
  annote =	{Keywords: program comprehension, program visualization, concept location, code inspection, synonym sets, probabilistic synonym sets, translation dictionary}
}
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