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Track A: Algorithms, Complexity and Games

DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.ICALP.2024.104

Optimal Non-Adaptive Cell Probe Dictionaries and Hashing

Authors: Kasper Green Larsen, Rasmus Pagh, Giuseppe Persiano, Toniann Pitassi, Kevin Yeo, and Or Zamir

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 297, 51st International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming (ICALP 2024)

Abstract

We present a simple and provably optimal non-adaptive cell probe data structure for the static dictionary problem. Our data structure supports storing a set of n key-value pairs from [u]× [u] using s words of space and answering key lookup queries in t = O(lg(u/n)/lg(s/n)) non-adaptive probes. This generalizes a solution to the membership problem (i.e., where no values are associated with keys) due to Buhrman et al. We also present matching lower bounds for the non-adaptive static membership problem in the deterministic setting. Our lower bound implies that both our dictionary algorithm and the preceding membership algorithm are optimal, and in particular that there is an inherent complexity gap in these problems between no adaptivity and one round of adaptivity (with which hashing-based algorithms solve these problems in constant time). Using the ideas underlying our data structure, we also obtain the first implementation of a n-wise independent family of hash functions with optimal evaluation time in the cell probe model.

Cite as

Kasper Green Larsen, Rasmus Pagh, Giuseppe Persiano, Toniann Pitassi, Kevin Yeo, and Or Zamir. Optimal Non-Adaptive Cell Probe Dictionaries and Hashing. In 51st International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming (ICALP 2024). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 297, pp. 104:1-104:12, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2024)

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@InProceedings{larsen_et_al:LIPIcs.ICALP.2024.104,
  author =	{Larsen, Kasper Green and Pagh, Rasmus and Persiano, Giuseppe and Pitassi, Toniann and Yeo, Kevin and Zamir, Or},
  title =	{{Optimal Non-Adaptive Cell Probe Dictionaries and Hashing}},
  booktitle =	{51st International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming (ICALP 2024)},
  pages =	{104:1--104:12},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-322-5},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2024},
  volume =	{297},
  editor =	{Bringmann, Karl and Grohe, Martin and Puppis, Gabriele and Svensson, Ola},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ICALP.2024.104},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-202471},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.ICALP.2024.104},
  annote =	{Keywords: non-adaptive, cell probe, dictionary, hashing}
}

Document

DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.ITC.2021.13

Doubly-Affine Extractors, and Their Applications

Authors: Yevgeniy Dodis and Kevin Yeo

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 199, 2nd Conference on Information-Theoretic Cryptography (ITC 2021)

Abstract

In this work we challenge the common misconception that information-theoretic (IT) privacy is too impractical to be used in the real-world: we propose to build simple and reusable IT-encryption solutions whose only efficiency penalty (compared to computationally-secure schemes) comes from a large secret key size, which is often a rather minor inconvenience, as storage is cheap. In particular, our solutions are stateless and locally computable at the optimal rate, meaning that honest parties do not maintain state and read only (optimally) small portions of their large keys with every use. Moreover, we also propose a novel architecture for outsourcing the storage of these long keys to a network of semi-trusted servers, trading the need to store large secrets with the assumption that it is hard to simultaneously compromise too many publicly accessible ad-hoc servers. Our architecture supports everlasting privacy and post-application security of the derived one-time keys, resolving two major limitations of a related model for outsourcing key storage, called bounded storage model. Both of these results come from nearly optimal constructions of so called doubly-affine extractors: locally-computable, seeded extractors Ext(X,S) which are linear functions of X (for any fixed seed S), and protect against bounded affine leakage on X. This holds unconditionally, even if (a) affine leakage may adaptively depend on the extracted key R = Ext(X,S); and (b) the seed S is only computationally secure. Neither of these properties are possible with general-leakage extractors.

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Yevgeniy Dodis and Kevin Yeo. Doubly-Affine Extractors, and Their Applications. In 2nd Conference on Information-Theoretic Cryptography (ITC 2021). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 199, pp. 13:1-13:23, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2021)

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@InProceedings{dodis_et_al:LIPIcs.ITC.2021.13,
  author =	{Dodis, Yevgeniy and Yeo, Kevin},
  title =	{{Doubly-Affine Extractors, and Their Applications}},
  booktitle =	{2nd Conference on Information-Theoretic Cryptography (ITC 2021)},
  pages =	{13:1--13:23},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-197-9},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2021},
  volume =	{199},
  editor =	{Tessaro, Stefano},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ITC.2021.13},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-143320},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.ITC.2021.13},
  annote =	{Keywords: extractors, information-theoretic privacy, everlasting privacy}
}

Document

DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.ICALP.2018.161

CacheShuffle: A Family of Oblivious Shuffles

Authors: Sarvar Patel, Giuseppe Persiano, and Kevin Yeo

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 107, 45th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming (ICALP 2018)

Abstract

We consider oblivious two-party protocols where a client outsources N blocks of private data to a server. The client wishes to access the data to perform operations in such a way that the access pattern does not leak information about the data and the operations. In this context, we consider oblivious shuffling with a focus on bandwidth efficient protocols for clients with small local memory. In the shuffling problem, the N outsourced blocks, B_1,...,B_N, are stored on the server according to an initial permutation pi. The client wishes to reshuffle the blocks according to permutation sigma. Oblivious shuffling is a building block in several applications that hide patterns of data access. In this paper, we introduce a generalization of the oblivious shuffling problem, the K-oblivious shuffling problem, and provide bandwidth efficient algorithms for a wide range of client storage requirements. The task of a K-oblivious shuffling algorithm is to shuffle N encrypted blocks that were previously randomly allocated on the server in such a way that an adversarial server learns nothing about either the new allocation of blocks or the block contents. The security guarantee must hold when an adversary has partial information on the initial placement of a subset of K <=N revealed blocks. The notion of oblivious shuffling is obtained for K=N. We first study the N-oblivious shuffling problem and start by presenting CacheShuffleRoot, that is tailored for clients with O(sqrt{N}) blocks of memory and uses approximately 4N blocks of bandwidth. CacheShuffleRoot is a 4x improvement over the previous best known N-oblivious shuffle for practical sizes of N. We then generalize CacheShuffleRoot to CacheShuffle that can be instantiated for any client memory size S and requires O(N log_S N) blocks of bandwidth. Next, we present K-oblivious shuffling algorithms that require 2N + f(K,S) blocks of bandwidth for all K and a wide range of S. Any extra bandwidth above the 2N lower bound depends solely on K and S. Specifically, for clients with O(K) blocks of memory, we present KCacheShuffleBasic that uses exactly 2N blocks of bandwidth. For clients with memory S <= K, we present KCacheShuffle, that requires 2N + O(K log_S K) blocks of bandwidth. Finally, motivated by applications to ORAMs, we consider the case where the server stores D dummy blocks whose contents are irrelevant in addition to the N real blocks. For this case, we design algorithm KCacheShuffleDummy that shuffles N+D blocks with K revealed blocks using O(K) blocks of client storage and approximately D+2N blocks of bandwidth.

Cite as

Sarvar Patel, Giuseppe Persiano, and Kevin Yeo. CacheShuffle: A Family of Oblivious Shuffles. In 45th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming (ICALP 2018). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 107, pp. 161:1-161:13, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2018)

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@InProceedings{patel_et_al:LIPIcs.ICALP.2018.161,
  author =	{Patel, Sarvar and Persiano, Giuseppe and Yeo, Kevin},
  title =	{{CacheShuffle: A Family of Oblivious Shuffles}},
  booktitle =	{45th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming (ICALP 2018)},
  pages =	{161:1--161:13},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-076-7},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2018},
  volume =	{107},
  editor =	{Chatzigiannakis, Ioannis and Kaklamanis, Christos and Marx, D\'{a}niel and Sannella, Donald},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ICALP.2018.161},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-91651},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.ICALP.2018.161},
  annote =	{Keywords: Shuffling, Data-Oblivious Algorithms}
}

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Documents authored by Yeo, Kevin

Optimal Non-Adaptive Cell Probe Dictionaries and Hashing

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Doubly-Affine Extractors, and Their Applications

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CacheShuffle: A Family of Oblivious Shuffles

Abstract

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