3 Search Results for "Gomes, Tiago"

Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.ECRTS.2024.5
Shared Resource Contention in MCUs: A Reality Check and the Quest for Timeliness

Authors: Daniel Oliveira, Weifan Chen, Sandro Pinto, and Renato Mancuso

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 298, 36th Euromicro Conference on Real-Time Systems (ECRTS 2024)

Abstract
Microcontrollers (MCUs) are steadily embracing multi-core technology to meet growing performance demands. This trend marks a shift from their traditionally simple, deterministic designs to more complex and inherently less predictable architectures. While shared resource contention is well-studied in mid to high-end embedded systems, the emergence of multi-core architectures in MCUs introduces unique challenges and characteristics that existing research has not fully explored. In this paper, we conduct an in-depth investigation of both mainstream and next-generation MCU-based platforms, aiming to identify the sources of contention on systems typically lacking these problems. We empirically demonstrate substantial contention effects across different MCU architectures (i.e., from single- to multi-core configurations), highlighting significant application slowdowns. Notably, we observe that slowdowns can reach several orders of magnitude, with the most extreme cases showing up to a 3800x (times, not percent) increase in execution time. To address these issues, we propose and evaluate muTPArtc, a novel mechanism designed for Timely Progress Assessment (TPA) and TPA-based runtime control specifically tailored to MCUs. muTPArtc is an MCU-specialized TPA-based mechanism that leverages hardware facilities widely available in commercial off-the-shelf MCUs (i.e., hardware breakpoints and cycle counters) to successfully monitor applications' progress, detect, and mitigate timing violations. Our results demonstrate that muTPArtc effectively manages performance degradation due to interference, requiring only minimal modifications to the build pipeline and no changes to the source code of the target application, while incurring minor overheads.
Cite as

Daniel Oliveira, Weifan Chen, Sandro Pinto, and Renato Mancuso. Shared Resource Contention in MCUs: A Reality Check and the Quest for Timeliness. In 36th Euromicro Conference on Real-Time Systems (ECRTS 2024). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 298, pp. 5:1-5:25, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2024)

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@InProceedings{oliveira_et_al:LIPIcs.ECRTS.2024.5,
  author =	{Oliveira, Daniel and Chen, Weifan and Pinto, Sandro and Mancuso, Renato},
  title =	{{Shared Resource Contention in MCUs: A Reality Check and the Quest for Timeliness}},
  booktitle =	{36th Euromicro Conference on Real-Time Systems (ECRTS 2024)},
  pages =	{5:1--5:25},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-324-9},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2024},
  volume =	{298},
  editor =	{Pellizzoni, Rodolfo},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ECRTS.2024.5},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-203088},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.ECRTS.2024.5},
  annote =	{Keywords: multi-core microcontrollers, shared resources contention, progress-aware regulation}
}
Document
Position
DOI: 10.4230/TGDK.2.1.2
Grounding Stream Reasoning Research

Authors: Pieter Bonte, Jean-Paul Calbimonte, Daniel de Leng, Daniele Dell'Aglio, Emanuele Della Valle, Thomas Eiter, Federico Giannini, Fredrik Heintz, Konstantin Schekotihin, Danh Le-Phuoc, Alessandra Mileo, Patrik Schneider, Riccardo Tommasini, Jacopo Urbani, and Giacomo Ziffer

Published in: TGDK, Volume 2, Issue 1 (2024): Special Issue on Trends in Graph Data and Knowledge - Part 2. Transactions on Graph Data and Knowledge, Volume 2, Issue 1

Abstract
In the last decade, there has been a growing interest in applying AI technologies to implement complex data analytics over data streams. To this end, researchers in various fields have been organising a yearly event called the "Stream Reasoning Workshop" to share perspectives, challenges, and experiences around this topic. In this paper, the previous organisers of the workshops and other community members provide a summary of the main research results that have been discussed during the first six editions of the event. These results can be categorised into four main research areas: The first is concerned with the technological challenges related to handling large data streams. The second area aims at adapting and extending existing semantic technologies to data streams. The third and fourth areas focus on how to implement reasoning techniques, either considering deductive or inductive techniques, to extract new and valuable knowledge from the data in the stream. This summary is written not only to provide a crystallisation of the field, but also to point out distinctive traits of the stream reasoning community. Moreover, it also provides a foundation for future research by enumerating a list of use cases and open challenges, to stimulate others to join this exciting research area.
Cite as

Pieter Bonte, Jean-Paul Calbimonte, Daniel de Leng, Daniele Dell'Aglio, Emanuele Della Valle, Thomas Eiter, Federico Giannini, Fredrik Heintz, Konstantin Schekotihin, Danh Le-Phuoc, Alessandra Mileo, Patrik Schneider, Riccardo Tommasini, Jacopo Urbani, and Giacomo Ziffer. Grounding Stream Reasoning Research. In Special Issue on Trends in Graph Data and Knowledge - Part 2. Transactions on Graph Data and Knowledge (TGDK), Volume 2, Issue 1, pp. 2:1-2:47, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2024)

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@Article{bonte_et_al:TGDK.2.1.2,
  author =	{Bonte, Pieter and Calbimonte, Jean-Paul and de Leng, Daniel and Dell'Aglio, Daniele and Della Valle, Emanuele and Eiter, Thomas and Giannini, Federico and Heintz, Fredrik and Schekotihin, Konstantin and Le-Phuoc, Danh and Mileo, Alessandra and Schneider, Patrik and Tommasini, Riccardo and Urbani, Jacopo and Ziffer, Giacomo},
  title =	{{Grounding Stream Reasoning Research}},
  journal =	{Transactions on Graph Data and Knowledge},
  pages =	{2:1--2:47},
  ISSN =	{2942-7517},
  year =	{2024},
  volume =	{2},
  number =	{1},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/TGDK.2.1.2},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-198597},
  doi =		{10.4230/TGDK.2.1.2},
  annote =	{Keywords: Stream Reasoning, Stream Processing, RDF streams, Streaming Linked Data, Continuous query processing, Temporal Logics, High-performance computing, Databases}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.ECRTS.2017.4
LTZVisor: TrustZone is the Key

Authors: Sandro Pinto, Jorge Pereira, Tiago Gomes, Adriano Tavares, and Jorge Cabral

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 76, 29th Euromicro Conference on Real-Time Systems (ECRTS 2017)

Abstract
Virtualization technology starts becoming more and more widespread in the embedded systems arena, driven by the upward trend for integrating multiple environments into the same hardware platform. The penalties incurred by standard software-based virtualization, altogether with the strict timing requirements imposed by real-time virtualization are pushing research towards hardware-assisted solutions. Among existing commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) technologies, ARM TrustZone promises to be a game-changer for virtualization, despite of this technology still being seen with a lot of obscurity and scepticism. In this paper we present a Lightweight TrustZone-assisted Hypervisor (LTZVisor) as a tool to understand, evaluate and discuss the benefits and limitations of using TrustZone hardware to assist virtualization. We demonstrate how TrustZone can be adequately exploited for meeting the real-time needs, while presenting a low performance cost on running unmodified rich operating systems. While ARM continues to spread TrustZone technology from the applications processors to the smallest of microcontrollers, it is undeniable that this technology is gaining an increasing relevance. Our intent is to encourage research and drive the next generation of TrustZone-assisted virtualization solutions.
Cite as

Sandro Pinto, Jorge Pereira, Tiago Gomes, Adriano Tavares, and Jorge Cabral. LTZVisor: TrustZone is the Key. In 29th Euromicro Conference on Real-Time Systems (ECRTS 2017). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 76, pp. 4:1-4:22, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2017)

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@InProceedings{pinto_et_al:LIPIcs.ECRTS.2017.4,
  author =	{Pinto, Sandro and Pereira, Jorge and Gomes, Tiago and Tavares, Adriano and Cabral, Jorge},
  title =	{{LTZVisor: TrustZone is the Key}},
  booktitle =	{29th Euromicro Conference on Real-Time Systems (ECRTS 2017)},
  pages =	{4:1--4:22},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-037-8},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2017},
  volume =	{76},
  editor =	{Bertogna, Marko},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ECRTS.2017.4},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-71535},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.ECRTS.2017.4},
  annote =	{Keywords: hypervisor, virtualization, TrustZone, space and time partitioning, real-time, embedded systems}
}
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