A function defined on the Boolean hypercube is k-Fourier-sparse if it has at most k nonzero Fourier coefficients. For a function f: F_2^n -> R and parameters k and d, we prove a strong upper bound on the number of k-Fourier-sparse Boolean functions that disagree with f on at most d inputs. Our bound implies that the number of uniform and independent random samples needed for learning the class of k-Fourier-sparse Boolean functions on n variables exactly is at most O(n * k * log(k)). As an application, we prove an upper bound on the query complexity of testing Booleanity of Fourier-sparse functions. Our bound is tight up to a logarithmic factor and quadratically improves on a result due to Gur and Tamuz [Chicago J. Theor. Comput. Sci.,2013].
@InProceedings{haviv_et_al:LIPIcs.CCC.2015.58, author = {Haviv, Ishay and Regev, Oded}, title = {{The List-Decoding Size of Fourier-Sparse Boolean Functions}}, booktitle = {30th Conference on Computational Complexity (CCC 2015)}, pages = {58--71}, series = {Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)}, ISBN = {978-3-939897-81-1}, ISSN = {1868-8969}, year = {2015}, volume = {33}, editor = {Zuckerman, David}, publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik}, address = {Dagstuhl, Germany}, URL = {https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.CCC.2015.58}, URN = {urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-50600}, doi = {10.4230/LIPIcs.CCC.2015.58}, annote = {Keywords: Fourier-sparse functions, list-decoding, learning theory, property testing} }
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