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On the Boundedness Problem for Higher-Order Pushdown Vector Addition Systems

Authors Vincent Penelle, Sylvain Salvati, Grégoire Sutre

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Author Details

Vincent Penelle
  • LaBRI, Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux-INP, Talence, France
Sylvain Salvati
  • CRIStAL, Univ. Lille, INRIA, Lille, France
Grégoire Sutre
  • LaBRI, Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux-INP, Talence, France

Funding

This work was supported by the grant ANR-17-CE40-0028 of the French National Research Agency ANR (project BRAVAS).

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Vincent Penelle, Sylvain Salvati, and Grégoire Sutre. On the Boundedness Problem for Higher-Order Pushdown Vector Addition Systems. In 38th IARCS Annual Conference on Foundations of Software Technology and Theoretical Computer Science (FSTTCS 2018). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 122, pp. 44:1-44:20, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2018) https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.FSTTCS.2018.44

Abstract

Karp and Miller's algorithm is a well-known decision procedure that solves the termination and boundedness problems for vector addition systems with states (VASS), or equivalently Petri nets. This procedure was later extended to a general class of models, well-structured transition systems, and, more recently, to pushdown VASS. In this paper, we extend pushdown VASS to higher-order pushdown VASS (called HOPVASS), and we investigate whether an approach à la Karp and Miller can still be used to solve termination and boundedness. We provide a decidable characterisation of runs that can be iterated arbitrarily many times, which is the main ingredient of Karp and Miller's approach. However, the resulting Karp and Miller procedure only gives a semi-algorithm for HOPVASS. In fact, we show that coverability, termination and boundedness are all undecidable for HOPVASS, even in the restricted subcase of one counter and an order 2 stack. On the bright side, we prove that this semi-algorithm is in fact an algorithm for higher-order pushdown automata.

Subject Classification

ACM Subject Classification
  • Theory of computation → Formal languages and automata theory
  • Theory of computation → Logic and verification
Keywords
  • Higher-order pushdown automata
  • Vector addition systems
  • Boundedness problem
  • Termination problem
  • Coverability problem

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