LIPIcs.CONCUR.2023.27.pdf
- Filesize: 0.75 MB
- 17 pages
Document
Faithful Simulation of Randomized BFT Protocols on Block DAGs
Authors
Hagit Attiya 
,
Constantin Enea ,
Shafik Nassar
-
Part of:
Volume:
34th International Conference on Concurrency Theory (CONCUR 2023)
Series: Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)
Conference: International Conference on Concurrency Theory (CONCUR) - License:
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license
- Publication Date: 2023-09-07
File
Document Identifiers
Author Details
Cite AsGet BibTex
Hagit Attiya, Constantin Enea, and Shafik Nassar. Faithful Simulation of Randomized BFT Protocols on Block DAGs. In 34th International Conference on Concurrency Theory (CONCUR 2023). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 279, pp. 27:1-27:17, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2023)
https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.CONCUR.2023.27
https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.CONCUR.2023.27
Abstract
Byzantine Fault-Tolerant (BFT) protocols that are based on Directed Acyclic Graphs (DAGs) are attractive due to their many advantages in asynchronous blockchain systems. These DAG-based protocols can be viewed as a simulation of some BFT protocol on a DAG. Many DAG-based BFT protocols rely on randomization, since they are used for agreement and ordering of transactions, which cannot be achieved deterministically in asynchronous systems. Randomization is achieved either through local sources of randomness, or by employing shared objects that provide a common source of randomness, e.g., common coins.
A DAG simulation of a randomized protocol should be faithful, in the sense that it precisely preserves the properties of the original BFT protocol, and in particular, their probability distributions. We argue that faithfulness is ensured by a forward simulation. We show how to faithfully simulate any BFT protocol that uses public coins and shared objects, like common coins.
Subject Classification
ACM Subject Classification
- Theory of computation → Distributed computing models
- Computing methodologies → Distributed algorithms
- General and reference → Verification
Keywords
- Byzantine failures
- Hyperproperties
- Forward Simulation
Metrics
- Access Statistics
-
Total Accesses (updated on a weekly basis)
0PDF Downloads
References
- Ittai Abraham, Naama Ben-David, and Sravya Yandamuri. Efficient and adaptively secure asynchronous binary agreement via binding crusader agreement. In Alessia Milani and Philipp Woelfel, editors, PODC '22: ACM Symposium on Principles of Distributed Computing, Salerno, Italy, July 25-29, 2022, pages 381-391. ACM, 2022. URL: https://doi.org/10.1145/3519270.3538426.
- Hagit Attiya and Constantin Enea. Putting strong linearizability in context: Preserving hyperproperties in programsthat use concurrent objects. In Jukka Suomela, editor, 33rd International Symposium on Distributed Computing, DISC 2019, October 14-18, 2019, Budapest, Hungary, volume 146 of LIPIcs, pages 2:1-2:17. Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik, 2019. URL: https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.DISC.2019.2.
- Hagit Attiya, Constantin Enea, and Shafik Nassar. Faithful simulation of randomized bft protocols on block dags. Cryptology ePrint Archive, Paper 2023/192, 2023. URL: https://eprint.iacr.org/2023/192.
- Leemon Baird. The Swirlds Hashgraph consensus algorithm: Fair, fast, Byzantine fault tolerance. https://www.researchhub.com/paper/337/the-swirlds-hashgraph-consensus-algorithm-fair-fast-byzantine-fault-tolerance, 2016.
- Ran Canetti and Tal Rabin. Fast asynchronous Byzantine agreement with optimal resilience. In S. Rao Kosaraju, David S. Johnson, and Alok Aggarwal, editors, Proceedings of the Twenty-Fifth Annual ACM Symposium on Theory of Computing, May 16-18, 1993, San Diego, CA, USA, pages 42-51. ACM, 1993. URL: https://doi.org/10.1145/167088.167105.
- Anton Churyumov. Byteball: A decentralized system for storage and transfer of value. https://byteball.org/Byteball.pdf, 2016.
- Danny Dolev. The Byzantine generals strike again. J. Algorithms, 3(1):14-30, 1982. URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/0196-6774(82)90004-9.
- Brijesh Dongol, Gerhard Schellhorn, and Heike Wehrheim. Weak progressive forward simulation is necessary and sufficient for strong observational refinement. In Bartek Klin, Slawomir Lasota, and Anca Muscholl, editors, 33rd International Conference on Concurrency Theory, CONCUR 2022, September 12-16, 2022, Warsaw, Poland, volume 243 of LIPIcs, pages 31:1-31:23. Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik, 2022. URL: https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.CONCUR.2022.31.
- Michael J. Fischer, Nancy A. Lynch, and Mike Paterson. Impossibility of distributed consensus with one faulty process. In Ronald Fagin and Philip A. Bernstein, editors, Proceedings of the Second ACM SIGACT-SIGMOD Symposium on Principles of Database Systems, March 21-23, 1983, Colony Square Hotel, Atlanta, Georgia, USA, pages 1-7. ACM, 1983. URL: https://doi.org/10.1145/588058.588060.
- Adam Gagol, Damian Lesniak, Damian Straszak, and Michal Swietek. Aleph: Efficient atomic broadcast in asynchronous networks with Byzantine nodes. In Proceedings of the 1st ACM Conference on Advances in Financial Technologies, AFT 2019, Zurich, Switzerland, October 21-23, 2019, pages 214-228. ACM, 2019. URL: https://doi.org/10.1145/3318041.3355467.
- Wojciech M. Golab, Lisa Higham, and Philipp Woelfel. Linearizable implementations do not suffice for randomized distributed computation. In Lance Fortnow and Salil P. Vadhan, editors, Proceedings of the 43rd ACM Symposium on Theory of Computing, STOC 2011, San Jose, CA, USA, 6-8 June 2011, pages 373-382. ACM, 2011. URL: https://doi.org/10.1145/1993636.1993687.
- Shang-En Huang, Seth Pettie, and Leqi Zhu. Byzantine agreement in polynomial time with near-optimal resilience. In Stefano Leonardi and Anupam Gupta, editors, STOC '22: 54th Annual ACM SIGACT Symposium on Theory of Computing, Rome, Italy, June 20-24, 2022, pages 502-514. ACM, 2022. URL: https://doi.org/10.1145/3519935.3520015.
- Idit Keidar, Eleftherios Kokoris-Kogias, Oded Naor, and Alexander Spiegelman. All you need is DAG. In Avery Miller, Keren Censor-Hillel, and Janne H. Korhonen, editors, PODC '21: ACM Symposium on Principles of Distributed Computing, Virtual Event, Italy, July 26-30, 2021, pages 165-175. ACM, 2021. URL: https://doi.org/10.1145/3465084.3467905.
- Leslie Lamport. Time, clocks, and the ordering of events in a distributed system. Commun. ACM, 21(7):558-565, 1978. URL: https://doi.org/10.1145/359545.359563.
- Nancy A. Lynch and Frits W. Vaandrager. Forward and backward simulations: I. untimed systems. Inf. Comput., 121(2):214-233, 1995. URL: https://doi.org/10.1006/inco.1995.1134.
- Sean Rowan and Naïri Usher. The Flare consensus protocol: Fair, fast federated Byzantine agreement consensus. https://flareportal.com/wp-content/uploads/simple-file-list/FCP.pdf, 2019.
- Maria Anna Schett and George Danezis. Embedding a deterministic BFT protocol in a block DAG. In Avery Miller, Keren Censor-Hillel, and Janne H. Korhonen, editors, PODC '21: ACM Symposium on Principles of Distributed Computing, Virtual Event, Italy, July 26-30, 2021, pages 177-186. ACM, 2021. URL: https://doi.org/10.1145/3465084.3467930.
- Roberto Segala. A compositional trace-based semantics for probabilistic automata. In Insup Lee and Scott A. Smolka, editors, CONCUR '95: Concurrency Theory, 6th International Conference, Philadelphia, PA, USA, August 21-24, 1995, Proceedings, volume 962 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pages 234-248. Springer, 1995. URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-60218-6_17.
- Yonatan Sompolinsky, Shai Wyborski, and Aviv Zohar. PHANTOM GHOSTDAG: a scalable generalization of nakamoto consensus: September 2, 2021. In Foteini Baldimtsi and Tim Roughgarden, editors, AFT '21: 3rd ACM Conference on Advances in Financial Technologies, Arlington, Virginia, USA, September 26-28, 2021, pages 57-70. ACM, 2021. URL: https://doi.org/10.1145/3479722.3480990.
- Alexander Spiegelman, Neil Giridharan, Alberto Sonnino, and Lefteris Kokoris-Kogias. Bullshark: DAG BFT protocols made practical. In Heng Yin, Angelos Stavrou, Cas Cremers, and Elaine Shi, editors, Proceedings of the 2022 ACM SIGSAC Conference on Computer and Communications Security, CCS 2022, Los Angeles, CA, USA, November 7-11, 2022, pages 2705-2718. ACM, 2022. URL: https://doi.org/10.1145/3548606.3559361.
- Qin Wang, Jiangshan Yu, Shiping Chen, and Yang Xiang. SoK: Diving into DAG-based blockchain systems. CoRR, abs/2012.06128, 2020. URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/2012.06128.