Idris 2: Quantitative Type Theory in Practice

Author Edwin Brady



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Edwin Brady
  • School of Computer Science, University of St Andrews, Scotland, UK

Acknowledgements

This work has benefitted from the many contributions to the Idris 2 project from the community. I am also grateful to the anonymous referees for their helpful feedback.

Cite AsGet BibTex

Edwin Brady. Idris 2: Quantitative Type Theory in Practice. In 35th European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming (ECOOP 2021). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 194, pp. 9:1-9:26, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2021)
https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.ECOOP.2021.9

Abstract

Dependent types allow us to express precisely what a function is intended to do. Recent work on Quantitative Type Theory (QTT) extends dependent type systems with linearity, also allowing precision in expressing when a function can run. This is promising, because it suggests the ability to design and reason about resource usage protocols, such as we might find in distributed and concurrent programming, where the state of a communication channel changes throughout program execution. As yet, however, there has not been a full-scale programming language with which to experiment with these ideas. Idris 2 is a new version of the dependently typed language Idris, with a new core language based on QTT, supporting linear and dependent types. In this paper, we introduce Idris 2, and describe how QTT has influenced its design. We give examples of the benefits of QTT in practice including: expressing which data is erased at run time, at the type level; and, resource tracking in the type system leading to type-safe concurrent programming with session types.

Subject Classification

ACM Subject Classification
  • Software and its engineering → Functional languages
Keywords
  • Dependent types
  • linear types
  • concurrency

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