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Overrun-Resilient Multiprocessor Real-Time Locking

Authors Zelin Tong, Shareef Ahmed, James H. Anderson

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Author Details

Zelin Tong
  • University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA
Shareef Ahmed
  • University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA
James H. Anderson
  • University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA

Funding

Supported by NSF grants CPS 1837337, CPS 2038855, and CPS 2038960, ARO grant W911NF-20-1-0237, and ONR grant N00014-20-1-2698.

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Zelin Tong, Shareef Ahmed, and James H. Anderson. Overrun-Resilient Multiprocessor Real-Time Locking. In 34th Euromicro Conference on Real-Time Systems (ECRTS 2022). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 231, pp. 10:1-10:25, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2022)
https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.ECRTS.2022.10

Abstract

Existing real-time locking protocols require accurate worst-case execution time (WCET) estimates for both tasks and critical sections (CSs) in order to function correctly. On multicore platforms, however, the only seemingly viable strategy for obtaining such estimates is via measurements, which cannot produce a true WCET with certainty. The absence of correct WCETs can be partially ameliorated by enforcing execution budgets at both the task and CS levels and by using a locking protocol that is resilient to budget overruns, i.e., that ensures that the schedulability of non-overrunning tasks is not compromised by tasks that do overrun their budgets. Unfortunately, no fully overrun-resilient locking protocol has been proposed to date for multiprocessor systems. To remedy this situation, this paper presents two such protocols, the OR-FMLP and the OR-OMLP , which introduce overrun-resiliency mechanisms to two existing multiprocessor protocols, the spin-based FMLP and suspension-based global OMLP, respectively. In devising such mechanisms, undo code can be problematic. For the important locking use case of protecting shared data structures, it is shown that such code can be avoided entirely by using abortable critical sections, a concept proposed herein that leverages obstruction-free synchronization techniques. Experiments are presented that demonstrate both the effectiveness of the mechanisms introduced in this paper and their cost.

Subject Classification

ACM Subject Classification
  • Computer systems organization → Real-time systems
Keywords
  • Real-Time Systems
  • Real-Time Synchronization
  • Budget Enforcement

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