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Recognizing Graphs Close to Bipartite Graphs

Authors Marthe Bonamy, Konrad K. Dabrowski, Carl Feghali, Matthew Johnson, Daniël Paulusma

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Marthe Bonamy
Konrad K. Dabrowski
Carl Feghali
Matthew Johnson
Daniël Paulusma

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Marthe Bonamy, Konrad K. Dabrowski, Carl Feghali, Matthew Johnson, and Daniël Paulusma. Recognizing Graphs Close to Bipartite Graphs. In 42nd International Symposium on Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science (MFCS 2017). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 83, pp. 70:1-70:14, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2017) https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.MFCS.2017.70

Abstract

We continue research into a well-studied family of problems that ask if the vertices of a graph can be partitioned into sets A and B, where A is an independent set and B induces a graph from some specified graph class G.  We let G be the class of k-degenerate graphs.  The problem is known to be polynomial-time solvable if k=0 (bipartite graphs) and NP-complete if k=1 (near-bipartite graphs) even for graphs of diameter 4, as shown by Yang and Yuan, who also proved polynomial-time solvability for graphs of diameter 2. We show that recognizing near-bipartite graphs of diameter 3 is NP-complete resolving their open problem. To answer another open problem, we consider graphs of maximum degree D on n vertices. We show how to find A and B in O(n) time for k=1 and D=3, and in O(n^2) time for k >= 2 and D >= 4.  These results also provide an algorithmic version of a result of Catlin [JCTB, 1979] and enable us to complete the complexity classification of another problem: finding a path in the vertex colouring reconfiguration graph between two given k-colourings of a graph of bounded maximum degree.

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Keywords
  • degenerate graphs
  • near-bipartite graphs
  • reconfiguration graphs

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