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An important goal in microbial computational genomics is to identify crucial events in the evolution of a gene that severely alter the duplication, loss and mobilization patterns of the gene within the genomes in which it disseminates. In this paper, we formalize this microbiological goal as a new pattern-matching problem in the domain of Gene tree and Species tree reconciliation, denoted "Reconciliation-Scenario Altering Mutation (RSAM) Discovery". We propose an O(m * n * k) time algorithm to solve this new problem, where m and n are the number of vertices of the input Gene tree and Species tree, respectively, and k is a user-specified parameter that bounds from above the number of optimal solutions of interest. The algorithm first constructs a hypergraph representing the k highest scoring reconciliation scenarios between the given Gene tree and Species tree, and then interrogates this hypergraph for subtrees matching a pre-specified RSAM Pattern. Our algorithm is optimal in the sense that the number of hypernodes in the hypergraph can be lower bounded by Omega(m * n * k). We implement the new algorithm as a tool, denoted RSAM-finder, and demonstrate its application to the identification of RSAMs in toxins and drug resistance elements across a dataset spanning hundreds of species.
@InProceedings{zoller_et_al:LIPIcs.WABI.2019.9,
author = {Zoller, Roni and Zehavi, Meirav and Ziv-Ukelson, Michal},
title = {{A New Paradigm for Identifying Reconciliation-Scenario Altering Mutations Conferring Environmental Adaptation}},
booktitle = {19th International Workshop on Algorithms in Bioinformatics (WABI 2019)},
pages = {9:1--9:13},
series = {Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
ISBN = {978-3-95977-123-8},
ISSN = {1868-8969},
year = {2019},
volume = {143},
editor = {Huber, Katharina T. and Gusfield, Dan},
publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
address = {Dagstuhl, Germany},
URL = {https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.WABI.2019.9},
URN = {urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-110398},
doi = {10.4230/LIPIcs.WABI.2019.9},
annote = {Keywords: Gene tree, Species tree, Reconciliation}
}