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U-Bubble Model for Mixed Unit Interval Graphs and Its Applications: The MaxCut Problem Revisited

Authors Jan Kratochvíl , Tomáš Masařík , Jana Novotná

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Author Details

Jan Kratochvíl
  • Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
Tomáš Masařík
  • Faculty of Mathematics, Informatics and Mechanics, University of Warsaw, Poland
  • Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
Jana Novotná
  • Faculty of Mathematics, Informatics and Mechanics, University of Warsaw, Poland
  • Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic

Funding

Tomáš Masařík and Jana Novotná received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme Grant Agreement 714704, and from Charles University student grant SVV-2017-260452. Jan Kratochvíl was supported by grant GAČR 19-17314J of the Czech National Science Foundation.

Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank Vít Jelínek for helpful comments. This paper is based on the master thesis of Jana Novotná.

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Jan Kratochvíl, Tomáš Masařík, and Jana Novotná. U-Bubble Model for Mixed Unit Interval Graphs and Its Applications: The MaxCut Problem Revisited. In 45th International Symposium on Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science (MFCS 2020). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 170, pp. 57:1-57:14, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2020) https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.MFCS.2020.57

Abstract

Interval graphs, intersection graphs of segments on a real line (intervals), play a key role in the study of algorithms and special structural properties. Unit interval graphs, their proper subclass, where each interval has a unit length, has also been extensively studied. We study mixed unit interval graphs - a generalization of unit interval graphs where each interval has still a unit length, but intervals of more than one type (open, closed, semi-closed) are allowed. This small modification captures a much richer class of graphs. In particular, mixed unit interval graphs are not claw-free, compared to unit interval graphs. 
Heggernes, Meister, and Papadopoulos defined a representation of unit interval graphs called the bubble model which turned out to be useful in algorithm design. We extend this model to the class of mixed unit interval graphs and demonstrate the advantages of this generalized model by providing a subexponential-time algorithm for solving the MaxCut problem on mixed unit interval graphs. In addition, we derive a polynomial-time algorithm for certain subclasses of mixed unit interval graphs. We point out a substantial mistake in the proof of the polynomiality of the MaxCut problem on unit interval graphs by Boyaci, Ekim, and Shalom (2017). Hence, the time complexity of this problem on unit interval graphs remains open. We further provide a better algorithmic upper-bound on the clique-width of mixed unit interval graphs.

Subject Classification

ACM Subject Classification
  • Theory of computation → Graph algorithms analysis
Keywords
  • Interval Graphs
  • Mixed Unit Interval Graphs
  • MaxCut Problem
  • Clique Width
  • Subexponential Algorithm
  • Bubble Model

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