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Barrington Plays Cards: The Complexity of Card-Based Protocols

Authors Pavel Dvořák, Michal Koucký

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Pavel Dvořák
  • Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
Michal Koucký
  • Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic

Funding

The authors were supported by Czech Science Foundation GAČR grant #19-27871X.

Acknowledgements

We thank Václav Blažej for suggesting how to use face-up cards to emulate red and blue card backs.

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Pavel Dvořák and Michal Koucký. Barrington Plays Cards: The Complexity of Card-Based Protocols. In 38th International Symposium on Theoretical Aspects of Computer Science (STACS 2021). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 187, pp. 26:1-26:17, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2021) https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.STACS.2021.26

Abstract

In this paper we study the computational complexity of functions that have efficient card-based protocols. A study of card-based protocols was initiated by den Boer [den Boer, 1990] as a means for secure two-party computation. Our contribution is two-fold: We classify a large class of protocols with respect to the computational complexity of functions they compute, and we propose other encodings of inputs which require fewer cards than the usual 2-card representation.

Subject Classification

ACM Subject Classification
  • Theory of computation → Computational complexity and cryptography
Keywords
  • Efficient card-based protocol
  • Branching program
  • Turing machine

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References

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