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Leveraging Hardware QoS to Control Contention in the Xilinx Zynq UltraScale+ MPSoC

Authors Alejandro Serrano-Cases , Juan M. Reina , Jaume Abella , Enrico Mezzetti , Francisco J. Cazorla

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Author Details

Alejandro Serrano-Cases
  • Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), Spain
Juan M. Reina
  • Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), Spain
Jaume Abella
  • Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), Spain
  • Maspatechnologies S.L, Barcelona, Spain
Enrico Mezzetti
  • Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), Spain
  • Maspatechnologies S.L, Barcelona, Spain
Francisco J. Cazorla
  • Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), Spain
  • Maspatechnologies S.L, Barcelona, Spain

Funding

This work has been partially supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation under grant PID2019-107255GB; the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No. 878752 (MASTECS) and the European Research Council (ERC) grant agreement No. 772773 (SuPerCom).

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Alejandro Serrano-Cases, Juan M. Reina, Jaume Abella, Enrico Mezzetti, and Francisco J. Cazorla. Leveraging Hardware QoS to Control Contention in the Xilinx Zynq UltraScale+ MPSoC. In 33rd Euromicro Conference on Real-Time Systems (ECRTS 2021). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 196, pp. 3:1-3:26, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2021) https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.ECRTS.2021.3

Abstract

The interference co-running tasks generate on each other’s timing behavior continues to be one of the main challenges to be addressed before Multi-Processor System-on-Chip (MPSoCs) are fully embraced in critical systems like those deployed in avionics and automotive domains. Modern MPSoCs like the Xilinx Zynq UltraScale+ incorporate hardware Quality of Service (QoS) mechanisms that can help controlling contention among tasks. Given the distributed nature of modern MPSoCs, the route a request follows from its source (usually a compute element like a CPU) to its target (usually a memory) crosses several QoS points, each one potentially implementing a different QoS mechanism. Mastering QoS mechanisms individually, as well as their combined operation, is pivotal to obtain the expected benefits from the QoS support. In this work, we perform, to our knowledge, the first qualitative and quantitative analysis of the distributed QoS mechanisms in the Xilinx UltraScale+ MPSoC. We empirically derive QoS information not covered by the technical documentation, and show limitations and benefits of the available QoS support. To that end, we use a case study building on neural network kernels commonly used in autonomous systems in different real-time domains.

Subject Classification

ACM Subject Classification
  • Computer systems organization → Real-time system architecture
Keywords
  • Quality of Service
  • Real-Time Systems
  • MPSoC
  • Multicore Contention

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