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Datalog-Expressibility for Monadic and Guarded Second-Order Logic

Authors Manuel Bodirsky , Simon Knäuer, Sebastian Rudolph

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Author Details

Manuel Bodirsky
  • Institut für Algebra, TU Dresden, Germany
Simon Knäuer
  • Institut für Algebra, TU Dresden, Germany
Sebastian Rudolph
  • Computational Logic Group, TU Dresden, Germany

Funding

  • Bodirsky, Manuel: The author has received funding from the European Research Council (Grant Agreement no. 681988, CSP-Infinity).
  • Knäuer, Simon: The author is supported by DFG Graduiertenkolleg 1763 (QuantLA).
  • Rudolph, Sebastian: The author has received funding from the European Research Council (Grant Agreement no. 771779, DeciGUT).

Cite As Get BibTex

Manuel Bodirsky, Simon Knäuer, and Sebastian Rudolph. Datalog-Expressibility for Monadic and Guarded Second-Order Logic. In 48th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming (ICALP 2021). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 198, pp. 120:1-120:17, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2021) https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.ICALP.2021.120

Abstract

We characterise the sentences in Monadic Second-order Logic (MSO) that are over finite structures equivalent to a Datalog program, in terms of an existential pebble game. We also show that for every class C of finite structures that can be expressed in MSO and is closed under homomorphisms, and for all 𝓁,k ∈ , there exists a canonical Datalog program Π of width (𝓁,k), that is, a Datalog program of width (𝓁,k) which is sound for C (i.e., Π only derives the goal predicate on a finite structure 𝔄 if 𝔄 ∈ C) and with the property that Π derives the goal predicate whenever some Datalog program of width (𝓁,k) which is sound for C derives the goal predicate. The same characterisations also hold for Guarded Second-order Logic (GSO), which properly extends MSO. To prove our results, we show that every class C in GSO whose complement is closed under homomorphisms is a finite union of constraint satisfaction problems (CSPs) of ω-categorical structures.

Subject Classification

ACM Subject Classification
  • Theory of computation → Finite Model Theory
Keywords
  • Monadic Second-order Logic
  • Guarded Second-order Logic
  • Datalog
  • constraint satisfaction
  • homomorphism-closed
  • conjunctive query
  • primitive positive formula
  • pebble game
  • ω-categoricity

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References

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