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A Temporal Logic for Strategic Hyperproperties

Authors Raven Beutner , Bernd Finkbeiner

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Raven Beutner
  • CISPA Helmholtz Center for Information Security, Saarbrücken, Germany
Bernd Finkbeiner
  • CISPA Helmholtz Center for Information Security, Saarbrücken, Germany

Funding

This work was partially supported by the German Research Foundation (DFG) as part of the Collaborative Research Center "Foundations of Perspicuous Software Systems" (TRR 248, 389792660), by the European Research Council (ERC) Grant OSARES (No. 683300) and by the Saarbrücken Graduate School of Computer Science.

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Raven Beutner and Bernd Finkbeiner. A Temporal Logic for Strategic Hyperproperties. In 32nd International Conference on Concurrency Theory (CONCUR 2021). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 203, pp. 24:1-24:19, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2021) https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.CONCUR.2021.24

Abstract

Hyperproperties are commonly used in computer security to define information-flow policies and other requirements that reason about the relationship between multiple computations. In this paper, we study a novel class of hyperproperties where the individual computation paths are chosen by the strategic choices of a coalition of agents in a multi-agent system. We introduce HyperATL^*, an extension of computation tree logic with path variables and strategy quantifiers. HyperATL^* can express strategic hyperproperties, such as that the scheduler in a concurrent system has a strategy to avoid information leakage. HyperATL^* is particularly useful to specify asynchronous hyperproperties, i.e., hyperproperties where the speed of the execution on the different computation paths depends on the choices of the scheduler. Unlike other recent logics for the specification of asynchronous hyperproperties, our logic is the first to admit decidable model checking for the full logic. We present a model checking algorithm for HyperATL^* based on alternating word automata, and show that our algorithm is asymptotically optimal by providing a matching lower bound. We have implemented a prototype model checker for a fragment of HyperATL^*, able to check various security properties on small programs.

Subject Classification

ACM Subject Classification
  • Theory of computation → Modal and temporal logics
  • Theory of computation → Verification by model checking
Keywords
  • hyperproperties
  • temporal logic
  • alternating-time temporal logic
  • model checking
  • multi-agent systems
  • information flow
  • asynchronous hyperproperties

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