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Mechanism Design with Moral Bidders

Authors Shahar Dobzinski, Sigal Oren

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Author Details

Shahar Dobzinski
  • Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
Sigal Oren
  • Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel

Funding

  • Dobzinski, Shahar: Work supported by BSF grant 2016192 and ISF grant 2185/19.
  • Oren, Sigal: Work supported by BSF grant 2018206 and ISF grant 2167/19.

Acknowledgements

We thank the participants of Israel Algorithmic Game Theory seminar for useful comments.

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Shahar Dobzinski and Sigal Oren. Mechanism Design with Moral Bidders. In 13th Innovations in Theoretical Computer Science Conference (ITCS 2022). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 215, pp. 55:1-55:17, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2022) https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.ITCS.2022.55

Abstract

A rapidly growing literature on lying in behavioral economics and psychology shows that individuals often do not lie even when lying maximizes their utility. In this work, we attempt to incorporate these findings into the theory of mechanism design.
We consider players that have a preference for truth-telling and will only lie if their benefit from lying is sufficiently larger than the loss of the others. To accommodate such players, we introduce α-moral mechanisms, in which the gain of a player from misreporting his true value, comparing to truth-telling, is at most α times the loss that the others incur due to misreporting. Note that a 0-moral mechanism is a truthful mechanism.
We develop a theory of moral mechanisms in the canonical setting of single-item auctions within the "reasonable" range of α, 0 ≤ α ≤ 1. We identify similarities and disparities to the standard theory of truthful mechanisms. In particular, we show that the allocation function does not uniquely determine the payments and is unlikely to admit a simple characterization. In contrast, recall that monotonicity characterizes the allocation function of truthful mechanisms.
Our main technical effort is invested in determining whether the auctioneer can exploit the preference for truth-telling of the players to extract more revenue comparing to truthful mechanisms. We show that the auctioneer can indeed extract more revenue when the values of the players are correlated, even when there are only two players. However, we show that truthful mechanisms are revenue-maximizing even among moral ones when the values of the players are independently drawn from certain identical distributions (e.g., the uniform and exponential distributions). 
A by-product of our proof that optimal moral mechanisms are truthful is an alternative proof to Myerson’s optimal truthful mechanism characterization in the settings that we consider. We flesh out this approach by providing an alternative proof that does not involve moral mechanisms to Myerson’s characterization of optimal truthful mechanisms to all settings in which the values are independently drawn from regular distributions (not necessarily identical).

Subject Classification

ACM Subject Classification
  • Theory of computation → Algorithmic game theory and mechanism design
Keywords
  • Mechanism Design
  • Cognitive Biases
  • Revenue Maximization

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