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Optimal Bounds for Dominating Set in Graph Streams

Authors Sanjeev Khanna, Christian Konrad

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Author Details

Sanjeev Khanna
  • Department of Computer and Information Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, US
Christian Konrad
  • Department of Computer Science, University of Bristol, UK

Funding

  • Khanna, Sanjeev: Supported in part by NSF awards CCF-1910534, CCF-1926872, and CCF-2045128.
  • Konrad, Christian: Supported by EPSRC New Investigator Award EP/V010611/1.

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Sanjeev Khanna and Christian Konrad. Optimal Bounds for Dominating Set in Graph Streams. In 13th Innovations in Theoretical Computer Science Conference (ITCS 2022). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 215, pp. 93:1-93:23, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2022) https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.ITCS.2022.93

Abstract

We resolve the space complexity of one-pass streaming algorithms for Minimum Dominating Set (MDS) in both insertion-only and insertion-deletion streams (up to poly-logarithmic factors) where an input graph is revealed by a sequence of edge updates. Recently, streaming algorithms for the related Set Cover problem have received significant attention. Even though MDS can be viewed as a special case of Set Cover, it is however harder to solve in the streaming setting since the input stream consists of individual edges rather than entire vertex-neighborhoods, as is the case in Set Cover.
We prove the following results (n is the number of vertices of the input graph):  
1) In insertion-only streams, we give a one-pass semi-streaming algorithm (meaning Õ(n) space) with approximation factor Õ(√n). We also prove that every one-pass streaming algorithm with space o(n) has an approximation factor of Ω(n/log n).
Combined with a result by [Assadi et al., STOC'16] for Set Cover which, translated to MDS, shows that space Θ̃(n² / α) is necessary and sufficient for computing an α-approximation for every α = o(√n), this completely settles the space requirements for MDS in the insertion-only setting.
2) In insertion-deletion streams, we prove that space Ω(n² / (α log n)) is necessary for every approximation factor α ≤ Θ(n / log³ n). Combined with the Set Cover algorithm of [Assadi et al., STOC'16], which can be adapted to MDS even in the insertion-deletion setting to give an α-approximation in Õ(n² / α) space, this completely settles the space requirements for MDS in the insertion-deletion setting.

Subject Classification

ACM Subject Classification
  • Theory of computation → Streaming models
  • Theory of computation → Lower bounds and information complexity
  • Theory of computation → Graph algorithms analysis
Keywords
  • Streaming algorithms
  • communication complexity
  • information complexity
  • dominating set

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