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Functional Programming for Distributed Systems with XC

Authors Giorgio Audrito , Roberto Casadei , Ferruccio Damiani , Guido Salvaneschi , Mirko Viroli

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Author Details

Giorgio Audrito
  • University of Turin, Italy
Roberto Casadei
  • University of Bologna, Cesena, Italy
Ferruccio Damiani
  • University of Turin, Italy
Guido Salvaneschi
  • Universität St. Gallen, Switzerland
Mirko Viroli
  • University of Bologna, Cesena, Italy

Funding

This work was supported by the EU/MUR FSE REACT-EU PON R&I 2014-2022 (CCI2014IT16M2OP005), the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF, No. 200429), the Hessian LOEWE initiative emergenCITY, and the Ateneo/CSP "Bando ex post 2020".

Cite As Get BibTex

Giorgio Audrito, Roberto Casadei, Ferruccio Damiani, Guido Salvaneschi, and Mirko Viroli. Functional Programming for Distributed Systems with XC. In 36th European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming (ECOOP 2022). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 222, pp. 20:1-20:28, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2022) https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.ECOOP.2022.20

Abstract

Programming distributed systems is notoriously hard due to - among the others - concurrency, asynchronous execution, message loss, and device failures. Homogeneous distributed systems consist of similar devices that communicate to neighbours and execute the same program: they include wireless sensor networks, network hardware, and robot swarms. For the homogeneous case, we investigate an experimental language design that aims to push the abstraction boundaries farther, compared to existing approaches.
In this paper, we introduce the design of XC, a programming language to develop homogeneous distributed systems. In XC, developers define the single program that every device executes and the overall behaviour is achieved collectively, in an emergent way. The programming framework abstracts over concurrency, asynchronous execution, message loss, and device failures. We propose a minimalistic design, which features a single declarative primitive for communication, state management, and connection management. A mechanism called alignment enables developers to abstract over asynchronous execution while still retaining composability. We define syntax and operational semantics of a core calculus, and briefly discuss its main properties. XC comes with two DSL implementations: a DSL in Scala and one in C++. An evaluation based on smart-city monitoring demonstrates XC in a realistic application.

Subject Classification

ACM Subject Classification
  • Theory of computation → Distributed computing models
  • Theory of computation → Functional constructs
  • Theory of computation → Operational semantics
  • Theory of computation → Type structures
  • Computing methodologies → Distributed programming languages
Keywords
  • Core calculus
  • operational semantics
  • type soundness
  • Scala DSL

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