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Parallelism-Aware High-Performance Cache Coherence with Tight Latency Bounds

Authors Reza Mirosanlou, Mohamed Hassan, Rodolfo Pellizzoni

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Author Details

Reza Mirosanlou
  • University of Waterloo, Canada
Mohamed Hassan
  • McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
Rodolfo Pellizzoni
  • University of Waterloo, Canada

Acknowledgements

We would like to thank the anonymous reviewers for their valuable feedback, and our shepherd for helping to significantly improve this paper. This work has been supported in part by NSERC, CMC Microsystems, and TII. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the sponsors.

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Reza Mirosanlou, Mohamed Hassan, and Rodolfo Pellizzoni. Parallelism-Aware High-Performance Cache Coherence with Tight Latency Bounds. In 34th Euromicro Conference on Real-Time Systems (ECRTS 2022). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 231, pp. 16:1-16:27, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2022) https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.ECRTS.2022.16

Abstract

In Commercial-Off-The-Shelf (COTS) systems-on-chip, processing elements communicate data through a shared memory hierarchy, and a coherent high-performance interconnect, where the de facto standard to handle shared data is through a coherence protocol. Driven by the extraordinary demands from modern real-time embedded system applications to generate, process, and communicate massive amounts of data, recent efforts aim to ensure timing predictability while integrating cache coherence in multi-core real-time systems. However, we observe that most of these efforts compromise system average performance upon offering predictability guarantees. Motivated by this observation, this work proposes an arbiter aimed at providing a predictable, coherent shared cache hierarchy solution, yet with a negligible performance degradation compared to COTS solutions. We achieve this goal by adopting a high-performance-driven architecture including a split-transaction bus and bankized shared cache. In addition, all accesses are arbitrated through a global ordering mechanism. Our proposed arbiter operates alongside conventional coherence protocols without requiring any protocol modifications. Furthermore, we leverage the Duetto reference model by pairing the proposed arbiter and a high-performance arbiter. We evaluate our solution based on both synthetic and SPLASH-3 benchmarks, showing that we can significantly outperform the state-of-the-art in predictable cache coherence, while offering a COTS-level performance.

Subject Classification

ACM Subject Classification
  • Computer systems organization → Real-time system architecture
  • Computer systems organization → Embedded hardware
Keywords
  • Predictability
  • Cache
  • COTS
  • Arbitration
  • Real-time system

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