Functions and References in the Pi-Calculus: Full Abstraction and Proof Techniques

Author Enguerrand Prebet



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Enguerrand Prebet
  • Université de Lyon, ENS de Lyon, UCB Lyon 1, CNRS, INRIA, LIP

Acknowledgements

Many thanks to Daniel Hirschkoff and Davide Sangiorgi for fruitful discussions and helpful comments on earlier versions of this article.

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Enguerrand Prebet. Functions and References in the Pi-Calculus: Full Abstraction and Proof Techniques. In 49th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming (ICALP 2022). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 229, pp. 130:1-130:19, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2022)
https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.ICALP.2022.130

Abstract

We present a fully abstract encoding of λ^{ref}, the call-by-value λ-calculus with references, in the π-calculus. By contrast with previous full abstraction results for sequential languages in the π-calculus, the characterisation of contextual equivalence in the source language uses a labelled bisimilarity. To define the latter equivalence, we refine existing notions of typed bisimulation in the π-calculus, and introduce in particular a specific component to handle divergences. We obtain a proof technique that allows us to prove equivalences between λ^{ref} programs via the encoding. The resulting proofs correspond closely to normal form bisimulations in the λ-calculus, making proofs in the π-calculus expressible as if reasoning in λ^{ref}. We study how standard and new up-to techniques can be used to reason about diverging terms and simplify proofs of equivalence using the bisimulation we introduce. This shows how the π-calculus theory can be used to prove interesting equivalences between λ^{ref} programs, using algebraic reasoning and up-to techniques.

Subject Classification

ACM Subject Classification
  • Theory of computation → Semantics and reasoning
Keywords
  • Call-by-value λ-calculus
  • imperative Programming
  • π-calculus
  • Bisimulation
  • Type System

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