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Graph Searching with Predictions

Authors Siddhartha Banerjee , Vincent Cohen-Addad, Anupam Gupta, Zhouzi Li

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Author Details

Siddhartha Banerjee
  • Operations Research and Information Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
Vincent Cohen-Addad
  • Google Research, Zürich, Switzerland
Anupam Gupta
  • Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
Zhouzi Li
  • IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China

Funding

The authors gratefully acknowledge funding received from the following sources:
  • Banerjee, Siddhartha: NSF: ECCS-1847393, CNS-1955997, ARO: W911NF-19-0217.
  • Gupta, Anupam: NSF awards CCF-1955785, CCF-2006953, and CCF-2224718.

Acknowledgements

Part of this work was done when SB and AG were visitors to the Data-Driven Decision Making program at the Simons Institute for Theoretical Computing in Berkeley.

Cite AsGet BibTex

Siddhartha Banerjee, Vincent Cohen-Addad, Anupam Gupta, and Zhouzi Li. Graph Searching with Predictions. In 14th Innovations in Theoretical Computer Science Conference (ITCS 2023). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 251, pp. 12:1-12:24, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2023)
https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.ITCS.2023.12

Abstract

Consider an agent exploring an unknown graph in search of some goal state. As it walks around the graph, it learns the nodes and their neighbors. The agent only knows where the goal state is when it reaches it. How do we reach this goal while moving only a small distance? This problem seems hopeless, even on trees of bounded degree, unless we give the agent some help. This setting with "help" often arises in exploring large search spaces (e.g., huge game trees) where we assume access to some score/quality function for each node, which we use to guide us towards the goal. In our case, we assume the help comes in the form of distance predictions: each node v provides a prediction f(v) of its distance to the goal vertex. Naturally if these predictions are correct, we can reach the goal along a shortest path. What if the predictions are unreliable and some of them are erroneous? Can we get an algorithm whose performance relates to the error of the predictions? In this work, we consider the problem on trees and give deterministic algorithms whose total movement cost is only O(OPT + Δ ⋅ ERR), where OPT is the distance from the start to the goal vertex, Δ the maximum degree, and the ERR is the total number of vertices whose predictions are erroneous. We show this guarantee is optimal. We then consider a "planning" version of the problem where the graph and predictions are known at the beginning, so the agent can use this global information to devise a search strategy of low cost. For this planning version, we go beyond trees and give an algorithms which gets good performance on (weighted) graphs with bounded doubling dimension.

Subject Classification

ACM Subject Classification
  • Theory of computation → Online algorithms
Keywords
  • Algorithms with predictions
  • network algorithms
  • graph search

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