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A Univalent Formalization of Constructive Affine Schemes

Authors Max Zeuner , Anders Mörtberg

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Author Details

Max Zeuner
  • Department of Mathematics, Stockholm University, Sweden
Anders Mörtberg
  • Department of Mathematics, Stockholm University, Sweden

Funding

This paper is based upon research supported by the Swedish Research Council (SRC, Vetenskapsrådet) under Grant No. 2019-04545. The research has also received funding from the Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation through the Foundation’s program for mathematics.

Acknowledgements

We would like to thank Thierry Coquand for his continued feedback and invaluable comments throughout this project. We are also indebted to Felix Cherubini for his comments and his work on the Cubical Agda library, particularly for his ring solver. Furthermore, we thank Martín Hötzel Escardó, Peter Dybjer, Peter LeFanu Lumsdaine, Egbert Rijke and the participants of the "Proof and Computation" autumn school in Fischbachau for our discussions.

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Max Zeuner and Anders Mörtberg. A Univalent Formalization of Constructive Affine Schemes. In 28th International Conference on Types for Proofs and Programs (TYPES 2022). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 269, pp. 14:1-14:24, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2023) https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.TYPES.2022.14

Abstract

We present a formalization of constructive affine schemes in the Cubical Agda proof assistant. This development is not only fully constructive and predicative, it also makes crucial use of univalence. By now schemes have been formalized in various proof assistants. However, most existing formalizations follow the inherently non-constructive approach of Hartshorne’s classic "Algebraic Geometry" textbook, for which the construction of the so-called structure sheaf is rather straightforwardly formalizable and works the same with or without univalence. We follow an alternative approach that uses a point-free description of the constructive counterpart of the Zariski spectrum called the Zariski lattice and proceeds by defining the structure sheaf on formal basic opens and then lift it to the whole lattice. This general strategy is used in a plethora of textbooks, but formalizing it has proved tricky. The main result of this paper is that with the help of the univalence principle we can make this "lift from basis" strategy formal and obtain a fully formalized account of constructive affine schemes.

Subject Classification

ACM Subject Classification
  • Theory of computation → Logic and verification
  • Theory of computation → Constructive mathematics
  • Theory of computation → Type theory
Keywords
  • Affine Schemes
  • Homotopy Type Theory and Univalent Foundations
  • Cubical Agda
  • Constructive Mathematics

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