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Documents authored by Asavoae, Mihail

Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.ECRTS.2025.19
Revisiting Timing Anomalies in Predictable In-Order Pipelines

Authors: Lilia Rouizi, Mihail Asavoae, Benjamin Binder, Lionel Rieg, and Florian Brandner

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 335, 37th Euromicro Conference on Real-Time Systems (ECRTS 2025)

Abstract
The quality of timing guarantees ensured through worst-case-execution time analysis and schedulability tests - required to be both sound and precise - is directly influenced by the predictability properties of the execution platform. A platform is considered predictable when safe and precise bounds can be computed through analysis tools. Counter-intuitive and Amplification Timing Anomalies (TAs) are detrimental to predictability and thus may make it much harder/impossible to compute such bounds. In order to address this issue, research has followed two orthogonal approaches, (i) designing predictable execution platforms and (ii) characterizing counter-intuitive TAs through formal definitions. However, predictable designs rarely apply any formal definitions of timing anomalies. This paper aims at investigating precisely this relationship. We first show how a previously proposed definition of counter-intuitive TAs can be applied to the predictable in-order processor SIC. We then extend this approach in order to provide the first formal definition of both counter-intuitive and amplification effects. The proposed definitions are then evaluated on a regular in-order processor as well as the predictable SIC core using a systematic approach that allows to assess their applicability and relevance. Finally, we prove, for the first time, the absence of some, but not all, TA effects in SIC.
Cite as

Lilia Rouizi, Mihail Asavoae, Benjamin Binder, Lionel Rieg, and Florian Brandner. Revisiting Timing Anomalies in Predictable In-Order Pipelines. In 37th Euromicro Conference on Real-Time Systems (ECRTS 2025). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 335, pp. 19:1-19:22, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2025)

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@InProceedings{rouizi_et_al:LIPIcs.ECRTS.2025.19,
  author =	{Rouizi, Lilia and Asavoae, Mihail and Binder, Benjamin and Rieg, Lionel and Brandner, Florian},
  title =	{{Revisiting Timing Anomalies in Predictable In-Order Pipelines}},
  booktitle =	{37th Euromicro Conference on Real-Time Systems (ECRTS 2025)},
  pages =	{19:1--19:22},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-377-5},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2025},
  volume =	{335},
  editor =	{Mancuso, Renato},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ECRTS.2025.19},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-235974},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.ECRTS.2025.19},
  annote =	{Keywords: Timing Anomalies, Causality, Timing Predictability, Timing Analysis}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LITES-v006-i001-a002
Improving WCET Evaluation using Linear Relation Analysis

Authors: Pascal Raymond, Claire Maiza, Catherine Parent-Vigouroux, Erwan Jahier, Nicolas Halbwachs, Fabienne Carrier, Mihail Asavoae, and Rémy Boutonnet

Published in: LITES, Volume 6, Issue 1 (2019). Leibniz Transactions on Embedded Systems, Volume 6, Issue 1

Abstract
The precision of a worst case execution time (WCET) evaluation tool on a given program is highly dependent on how the tool is able to detect and discard semantically infeasible executions of the program. In this paper, we propose to use the classical abstract interpretation-based method of linear relation analysis to discover and exploit relations between execution paths. For this purpose, we add auxiliary variables (counters) to the program to trace its execution paths. The results are easily incorporated in the classical workflow of a WCET evaluator, when the evaluator is based on the popular implicit path enumeration technique. We use existing tools - a WCET evaluator and a linear relation analyzer - to build and experiment a prototype implementation of this idea.
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Pascal Raymond, Claire Maiza, Catherine Parent-Vigouroux, Erwan Jahier, Nicolas Halbwachs, Fabienne Carrier, Mihail Asavoae, and Rémy Boutonnet. Improving WCET Evaluation using Linear Relation Analysis. In LITES, Volume 6, Issue 1 (2019). Leibniz Transactions on Embedded Systems, Volume 6, Issue 1, pp. 02:1-02:28, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2019)

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@Article{raymond_et_al:LITES-v006-i001-a002,
  author =	{Raymond, Pascal and Maiza, Claire and Parent-Vigouroux, Catherine and Jahier, Erwan and Halbwachs, Nicolas and Carrier, Fabienne and Asavoae, Mihail and Boutonnet, R\'{e}my},
  title =	{{Improving WCET Evaluation using Linear Relation Analysis}},
  journal =	{Leibniz Transactions on Embedded Systems},
  pages =	{02:1--02:28},
  ISSN =	{2199-2002},
  year =	{2019},
  volume =	{6},
  number =	{1},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LITES-v006-i001-a002},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-192784},
  doi =		{10.4230/LITES-v006-i001-a002},
  annote =	{Keywords: Worst Case Execution Time estimation, Infeasible Execution Paths, Abstract Interpretation}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/OASIcs.WCET.2018.2
Formal Executable Models for Automatic Detection of Timing Anomalies

Authors: Mihail Asavoae, Belgacem Ben Hedia, and Mathieu Jan

Published in: OASIcs, Volume 63, 18th International Workshop on Worst-Case Execution Time Analysis (WCET 2018)

Abstract
A timing anomaly is a counterintuitive timing behavior in the sense that a local fast execution slows down an overall global execution. The presence of such behaviors is inconvenient for the WCET analysis which requires, via abstractions, a certain monotony property to compute safe bounds. In this paper we explore how to systematically execute a previously proposed formal definition of timing anomalies. We ground our work on formal designs of architecture models upon which we employ guided model checking techniques. Our goal is towards the automatic detection of timing anomalies in given computer architecture designs.
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Mihail Asavoae, Belgacem Ben Hedia, and Mathieu Jan. Formal Executable Models for Automatic Detection of Timing Anomalies. In 18th International Workshop on Worst-Case Execution Time Analysis (WCET 2018). Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 63, pp. 2:1-2:13, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2018)

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@InProceedings{asavoae_et_al:OASIcs.WCET.2018.2,
  author =	{Asavoae, Mihail and Ben Hedia, Belgacem and Jan, Mathieu},
  title =	{{Formal Executable Models for Automatic Detection of Timing Anomalies}},
  booktitle =	{18th International Workshop on Worst-Case Execution Time Analysis (WCET 2018)},
  pages =	{2:1--2:13},
  series =	{Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-073-6},
  ISSN =	{2190-6807},
  year =	{2018},
  volume =	{63},
  editor =	{Brandner, Florian},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.WCET.2018.2},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-97481},
  doi =		{10.4230/OASIcs.WCET.2018.2},
  annote =	{Keywords: timing anomalies, predictability, formal methods, model checking}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/OASIcs.WCET.2013.32
Program Semantics in Model-Based WCET Analysis: A State of the Art Perspective

Authors: Mihail Asavoae, Claire Maiza, and Pascal Raymond

Published in: OASIcs, Volume 30, 13th International Workshop on Worst-Case Execution Time Analysis (2013)

Abstract
Advanced design techniques of safety-critical applications use specialized development model based methods. Under this setting, the application exists at several levels of description, as the result of a sequence of transformations. On the positive side, the application is developed in a systematic way, while on the negative side, its high-level semantics may be obfuscated when represented at the lower levels. The application should provide certain functional and non-functional guarantees. When the application is a hard real-time program, such guarantees could be deadlines, thus making the computation of worst-case execution time (WCET) bounds mandatory. This paper overviews, in the context of WCET analysis, what are the existing techniques to extract, express and exploit the program semantics along the model-based development workflow.
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Mihail Asavoae, Claire Maiza, and Pascal Raymond. Program Semantics in Model-Based WCET Analysis: A State of the Art Perspective. In 13th International Workshop on Worst-Case Execution Time Analysis. Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 30, pp. 32-41, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2013)

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@InProceedings{asavoae_et_al:OASIcs.WCET.2013.32,
  author =	{Asavoae, Mihail and Maiza, Claire and Raymond, Pascal},
  title =	{{Program Semantics in Model-Based WCET Analysis: A State of the Art Perspective}},
  booktitle =	{13th International Workshop on Worst-Case Execution Time Analysis},
  pages =	{32--41},
  series =	{Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-939897-54-5},
  ISSN =	{2190-6807},
  year =	{2013},
  volume =	{30},
  editor =	{Maiza, Claire},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.WCET.2013.32},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-41209},
  doi =		{10.4230/OASIcs.WCET.2013.32},
  annote =	{Keywords: survey, WCET analysis, program semantics, model-based design, infeasible paths}
}
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